Journal of the Economics of Ageing最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic approaches to treat and prevent age-related diseases though understanding the underlying biological drivers of ageing","authors":"L. Cox","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41901545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The old-age pension household replacement rate in Belgium","authors":"Alessio J.G. Brown ,&nbsp;Anne-Lore Fraikin","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the paper is to examine the retirement behaviour of Belgian workers in one-earner households who are automatically granted a more generous old-age pension benefits replacement rate, called the household replacement rate. Following a recommendation of the Belgian Pension Reform Committee, this policy is to be suppressed for new pensioners, except for those receiving the minimum pension. We provide an ex-ante impact evaluation of such reform on both pension sustainability and adequacy measures. Specifically, we test whether the household replacement rate entails a work (dis)incentive mechanism promoting (harming) pension sustainability and furthermore, we analyse the role of the household replacement rate in old-age poverty and inequality measures. To do so, we use the survey dataset SHARE and a discrete time logistic duration model to study the link between retirement and financial retirement incentives created by the social security system. Further, we use a microsimulation model to estimate the magnitude of the assumed impact of the household replacement rate on retirement and we find that this policy generates higher retirement incentives through an income effect. At the same time, we simulate various social security wealth indicators under different household replacement rate scenarios and we find that the household replacement rate could potentially play an important role in decreasing the elderly poverty rate since households with asymmetrical working arrangements are often at the lowest part of the equivalized income distribution. Overall, despite the supposed positive poverty and distributional aspects of this policy, our simulation analysis supports the reform proposal of removing the household replacement rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X22000342/pdfft?md5=fa01fbb6d42de1ca9b8228a4e694ef9e&pid=1-s2.0-S2212828X22000342-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46235299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of unemployment on care provision","authors":"Björn Fischer ,&nbsp;Peter Haan ,&nbsp;Santiago Salazar Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we estimate the effect of unemployment on informal care provision. For the identification we use plant closures as a source of exogenous variation and combine difference-in-differences with matching based on entropy balancing. The analysis is based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). We find that there is a time conflict between employment and informal care provision. Unemployment increases the probability of providing care by 2.9 percentage points while the daily hours of care provision rise by around 0.05 h per week-day. Both men and women react with significant increases in care provision. We find the largest effects for women with low education.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71832822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption and poverty of older Chinese: 2011–2020","authors":"Jinquan Gong,&nbsp;Gewei Wang,&nbsp;Yafeng Wang,&nbsp;Yaohui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on five waves of CHARLS data from 2011 to 2020 with expenditure imputations, we estimate living standards and poverty rates among older Chinese and study factors associated with consumption and poverty. Our results indicate that in the 2010s, China's poverty profile among older people was no longer characterized by regional concentration, such as the case in the first decades following China's economic reforms. Rather, old-age poverty is dispersed and varies mainly by demographics. Rural-urban differences, low education, and older age are the main factors associated with poverty. In the past decade, people of these characteristics enjoyed substantially more reductions in poverty, but they remain chief predictors. After controlling for demographics, consumption grew by 72.9 %, and the poverty rate declined by 59.2 % from 2011 to 2020, revealing remarkable progress. By interacting marital status with sex and urban/rural residence, we identify gaps in older people's economic support and find that the never-married urban people, widowed and divorced women, especially divorced rural women are the most at risk for poverty. Our research implies that future poverty alleviation policies should have more precise targeting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/6e/nihms-1894284.PMC10205791.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9891123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health effects of caregivers respite: Subsidies or Supports?","authors":"Joan Costa-Font ,&nbsp;Cristina Vilaplana-Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the causal effect of the introduction of caregiving respite in the form of hours of home help (caregiving supports) and financial subsidy (caregiving allowance) on the mental health of caregivers. We exploit evidence of a policy intervention that universalized previously means-tested caregiving subsidies and supports in Spain. Our estimates suggest evidence of an heterogeneous effect depending on the intensity of care provided. We find that caregiving supports reduce the probability of depressive symptoms among caregivers providing more than 50 hours of care. In contrast, caregiving subsidies give rise to a reduction in the probability of depressive symptoms among caregivers providing less than 50 hours of care. Consistently, we find evidence of an improvement in life satisfaction upon the receipt of subsidies and home supports . The latter effect is higher among part-time caregivers who spend between 20 and 50 caregiving hours/week which is explained by behavioural and preventive lifestyle changes. Finally, we estimate the ‘hypothetical caregiving subsidy’ amount that would have fully compensated caregivers’ for their wellbeing losses. We find estimates ranging between 800 and 850 euros/month, a magnitude well above the actual subsidy in Spain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X22000317/pdfft?md5=3a8b06789acf9433cb56851f55902ac3&pid=1-s2.0-S2212828X22000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45327136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retirement and the distribution of intra-household wellbeing","authors":"Siobhan Austen ,&nbsp;Jaslin Kaur Kalsi ,&nbsp;Astghik Mavisakalyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study analyses the links between retirement and the distribution of intra-household wellbeing among Australian mixed-sex couples. We study the implications of own and partner’s retirement on measures of </span>life satisfaction, financial satisfaction, and free time satisfaction using household panel data from Australia. We also measure the intertemporal effects of each partner’s retirement on wellbeing accounting for anticipation effects in the lead up to each partner’s retirement and possible adaptation effects in the years following each partner’s retirement. The results reveal evidence of gendered outcomes where in the long run, women’s retirement has negative implications on men’s free time satisfaction, while men’s retirement has negative implications on women’s financial satisfaction. On the other hand, in accordance with the hedonic treadmill model, both men and women adapt to changes in overall life satisfaction associated with their own or their partner’s retirement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47956634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pension information and women’s awareness","authors":"Marta Angelici ,&nbsp;Daniela Del Boca ,&nbsp;Noemi Oggero ,&nbsp;Paola Profeta ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Rossi ,&nbsp;Claudia Villosio","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We explore the role of financial and pension information in increasing women’s knowledge and awareness of their future pension status and interest for pension information. We interview a representative sample of 801 Italian working women to assess their knowledge about pensions, financial issues and their own savings. The responses show that their knowledge and awareness of retirement planning is limited. We then run a randomized experiment to evaluate the effect of increased information regarding pensions on women’s awareness, knowledge, and behaviors. Women in the treated group are provided information in the form of three short online tutorials. A follow-up survey shows that these women become more interested and aware of pension schemes and retirement options after completing the tutorials and are more likely to be better informed and keener to obtain further information. When looking at changes in behavior, we find that treated women who are closer to retirement are more likely to believe that they would make different work-life decisions if they received specific pension information in a timely fashion. Middle-aged women are also more likely to have a supplementary pension fund if they are concerned about their standards of living after retirement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71832821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"R(a)ising employment of older individuals","authors":"Johanna Wallenius","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The employment rates of older men have risen dramatically since the mid-1990s in a number of developed economies. Nevertheless, the employment rates of men aged 55–64 in many OECD countries remain at or below the levels observed in the mid-1970s, despite substantial improvements in health and longevity. In this review I summarize some of the driving forces behind the dramatic changes in older men’s employment over the last several decades and discuss the role for retirement reform to further boost employment in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X22000512/pdfft?md5=bb5752151b588efc710cb800998691cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2212828X22000512-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiscal consequences of Alzheimer's disease and informal care provision in the UK: A “government perspective” microsimulation","authors":"Ana T. Paquete ,&nbsp;Rui Martins ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Kotsopoulos ,&nbsp;Michael Urbich ,&nbsp;Colin Green ,&nbsp;Mark P. Connolly","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Estimating the fiscal consequences of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on patients and informal carers using a UK public economic perspective.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A simulated cohort of 1,000 pairs of people with AD and informal carers was compared with 1,000 demographically identical pairs in the general population. Both cohorts enter the model at the mean age of mild cognitive impairment onset. Time to AD onset was based on the literature and AD progression was modelled using published equations and a state-transition microsimulation. Labour participation, financial support, and paid taxes were linked to cognitive decline and caregiving needs using UK labour statistics and tax rates. Healthcare costs were based on published literature. Future costs and life-years were discounted at 3.5%. Results were reported as incremental differences in total tax revenue, financial support, and healthcare costs, over the AD continuum, between cohorts affected and unaffected by AD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Each AD-affected pair was associated with estimated incremental fiscal losses of £73,749 to the UK government. Financial support and healthcare costs were responsible for 59.3% and 22.2% of AD’s fiscal burden, respectively. Total lost tax revenue due to PwAD and carers’ reduced earnings represented 18.5% of total government losses. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. Assuming mild cognitive impairment onset at age 60 let to incremental fiscal losses of £141,323 per AD-affected pair. Fiscal costs for entire UK population with AD were predicted to be £16 billion annually.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Alzheimer’s disease strongly impacts UK’s public economy and should be considered to inform healthcare policymaking.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X22000457/pdfft?md5=77cb060da036a25930eeb1205b4bbfc9&pid=1-s2.0-S2212828X22000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49220196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of behavioural life-cycle features in spending patterns after retirement","authors":"Johan Bonekamp,&nbsp;Arthur van Soest","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using data on stated preferences on the decumulation of pension wealth after retirement, we estimate a stylized structural life-cycle model incorporating several behavioural features. In the stated choice questions, pension income is in the form of a constant annuity, a “high-low” annuity that falls from a higher to a lower level five years into retirement, or a “low-high” annuity that does the reverse. This creates variation in liquid and illiquid wealth. Respondents are asked to choose among several expenditure patterns in the first ten years after retirement. We find that the respondents do not behave in the way the standard life-cycle model would predict. They respond to the variation in how they receive their income have a tendency to follow the rule of thumb of going for the middle choice alternative. Moreover, they value illiquid wealth much less than liquid wealth at the ten years time horizon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X22000408/pdfft?md5=381589e8995effd3ac3665d195226d51&pid=1-s2.0-S2212828X22000408-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48368209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}