Journal of the Economics of Ageing最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 and domiciliary care utilisation: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing","authors":"Anastasia Arabadzhyan ,&nbsp;Nikita Jacob ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Kasteridis ,&nbsp;Anne Mason ,&nbsp;Nigel Rice","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected global health and social care, leading to unmet needs, especially among vulnerable groups. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), we investigate disruptions in home care for individuals over 50. We evaluate how the pandemic changed home care use at the extensive and intensive margins; the relative risk of reporting unmet need; and access to acute and primary care for different socio-demographic groups. We find decreases in home care use (extensive margin), mostly driven by informal care, which were partially offset by an increase in the amount of care received among those who were using home care during the pandemic (intensive margin). However, the relative risk of reporting unmet need rose, particularly among ethnic minorities, individuals with musculoskeletal and mental health conditions, and those not in work or retirement (due to long-term sickness or disability, home or family responsibilities, or unemployment). Individuals living alone and those aged 50–59 faced higher unmet needs for home care, but maintained primary care access as opposed to their counterparts. Our findings suggest that while aiming to protect the most vulnerable groups, pandemic containment policies negatively affected access to vital health and social care services, thereby increasing unmet care needs and exacerbating existing inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social engagement and health in an aging society: Impact of Basic Old-Age Pension in Korea","authors":"Hoolda Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite older people’s notable contributions to economic growth in Korea, a significant proportion of them were left financially unprepared for old age and faced a high risk of poverty after retirement. In 2007, the National Pension was reformed to gradually lower the income replacement ratio from 60 % to 40 %. The Korean government implemented the Basic Old-Age Pension (BOAP) to compensate for the loss in pension income in 2008. While the BAOP benefits mitigate income poverty, it may also have spillover effects on social activities and health outcomes that older people are likely to be deprived of. We use the 2006–2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging for the analysis. Using a doubly robust difference-in-differences model and event study, we investigate the impact of BOAP on social engagement and the health of older people. The results show that BOAP recipients tend to have more frequent meetings with children and are likely to have a better relationship with children while they are less likely to participate in social groups and have fewer social group meetings. These results are more evident among those recipients who have received pension benefits for longer years. We find a greater positive impact of BOAP on the health of non-employed, non-married, and poor recipients and the social activities of women, employed, and non-poor recipients. The impact of BOAP may vary by gender, employment status, marital status, and poverty status but the overall results emphasize the continual assistance of BOAP in promoting the social engagement and health of older Koreans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and work capacity","authors":"Italo Lopez Garcia ,&nbsp;Nicole Maestas ,&nbsp;Kathleen J. Mullen","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Declining health with age can limit individuals’ work capacity, increasing the likelihood of mismatch between their abilities to perform certain tasks and the minimum demands of the jobs available to them. Traditional measures of health status are insufficient for understanding how labor supply outcomes are influenced by the match between individuals’ abilities and job demands. We use unique survey data on individuals’ self-reported ability levels, harmonized with occupational ability requirements from the O*NET database, to develop a new measure of work capacity. We find that average abilities overall and across different domains are high relative to average occupational demands. At the same time, age-related declines in abilities are modest, at least through age 70. Putting these elements together, individuals’ work capacity is relatively stable with age. Finally, we show that our measures of work capacity are predictive of current and expected future labor supply outcomes, with and without controls for standard health variables.</div><div>This research was supported by grant number UM19-02 from the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) through the Michigan Retirement and Disability Research Center (MRDRC) and by grant number R01AG056239 from the National Institute on Aging. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the opinions or policy of SSA or any agency of the federal government. We thank Kate Bent, John Pencavel, seminar participants at the Tinbergen Institute, Tilburg University, Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, Erasmus University, KU Leuven, UQAM, the University of Chile and USC, and participants of the 2019 MRDRC Workshop, 2019 Retirement and Disability Research Consortium Conference, 2020 Stanford Working Longer Conference, 2022 CIPHER conference, 2024 Society of Labor Economists Annual Meeting, 2024 American Society of Health Economists Annual Conference, 2024 London Economics of Longevity and Ageing Conference, and the 2024 Association for Public Policy Analysis &amp; Management Fall Research Conference for helpful comments and suggestions, and Michael Jetsupphasuk, Patrick Rhatigan and David Zingher for excellent research assistance. The data used in this article are available online at <span><span>https://alpdata.rand.org/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing and implementing an older people-specific multidimensional poverty measure: An application to a middle-income country","authors":"Jhonatan Clausen ,&nbsp;Nicolas Barrantes ,&nbsp;Micaela Salcedo","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We contribute to the literature on poverty measurement in older age in low- and middle-income countries by designing and implementing a comprehensive and policy-relevant older people-specific multidimensional poverty index based on the Alkire-Foster method, estimated using data from four waves of Peru’s national household survey (2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023). Our measure includes 15 indicators spanning seven dimensions: social connectedness, knowledge, health, employment and social protection, shelter, water and sanitation, and energy. We set a referential threshold that identifies an older individual as multidimensionally poor if they experience deprivations in at least three out of seven dimensions of our measure. Our results show that multidimensional poverty incidence among older people in Peru has decreased by 8.6% between 2018 and 2023 but remains high at 35%. Older women, older people living in rural areas, older indigenous people and older people with disability are multidimensionally poorer than their counterparts, with deprivations contributing the most to multidimensional poverty varying across subgroups and subnational regions. Our findings can guide policymakers in prioritising resource allocation by identifying key deprivations to reduce multidimensional poverty among older adults. We estimate that 23% of the older population experience multidimensional but not monetary poverty, highlighting the complementarity of these approaches. Additionally, we find 12% of older people living in multidimensional and monetary poverty simultaneously, rising to 30% in rural areas. Our study bridges the most up-to-date conceptual and empirical literature on multidimensional poverty with the literature on poverty measurement in older age in low- and middle-income countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Declining financial and health literacy among older men and women","authors":"Patricia Boyle ,&nbsp;Olivia S. Mitchell ,&nbsp;Gary R. Mottola ,&nbsp;Lei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Financial and health literacy decline at older ages, and such deterioration in later life is associated with adverse outcomes. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether the rate or likelihood of decline diverges over time across subgroups of the elderly. This study used longitudinal data to assess whether older men and women differ in the likelihood and rate at which their financial and health literacy deteriorates. After assessing their financial and health literacy using a 32-item measure at baseline, we surveyed 1,075 community-resident older adults without dementia at baseline, and followed them annually thereafter, for an average of six waves. We document that the average financial and health literacy score at baseline was 69.6% (out of 100%), falling by about one percentage point per year on average. Men score 3.6 percentage points higher than women at baseline, but their likelihood and rates of decline over time do not differ from women’s, controlling for age, income, education, and medical conditions. Similar patterns were observed for financial and health literacy separately. The financial and health literacy gender gap persists as people age, suggesting that efforts to improve financial and health literacy among both women and men prior to old age would help but would not close the gender differential in financial and health literacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health information and health behaviours: Does new information on hypertension status matter?","authors":"Yuanyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Anne Nolan","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Does the receipt of (negative) health information affect one’s subsequent health behaviours? Using data from clinical health assessments carried out as part of a nationally representative longitudinal study on ageing, a regression discontinuity design is used to identify the effect of health information (i.e., information about hypertension status) on subsequent health behaviours among the older population in Ireland. The results show that while there is no significant impact of new information about hypertension status on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet two years later, a significant impact on body mass index (BMI) is identified. New information on hypertension status leads to a 0.7 decrease in BMI and a 7 percentage points decrease in the probability of being overweight or obese. The impact is mainly driven by individuals with higher levels of conscientiousness and without free access to primary health care services. Moreover, compared to females, males are more responsive to their own health information and to a lesser extent, to their spouses’ health information. The findings provide important insights for policymakers tasked with designing public health interventions to enhance diagnosis and management of chronic diseases and promote population health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older individuals’ labour force participation during COVID-19","authors":"Jing Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2024.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2024.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>COVID-19 significantly changed the labour participation rates of older Canadians, leading to substantial flows among employment, unemployment, marginal attachment, and non-attachment. Using the Canadian Labour Force Survey, this paper examines the impact of these flows on the participation rates of older individuals and explores whether COVID-19 prompted early retirements. Unlike the Great Recession, the pandemic caused significant direct separations from employment to non-participation. Additionally, older women experienced slower participation rate recovery than men due to higher outflows and lower inflows. Notably, many individuals who initially became non-attached to the labour force in early 2020 transitioned back to employment in the following months of the same year. Generally, the pandemic did not increase older individuals’ self-reported retirement transitions and reduced their probability of staying non-attached to the labour market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Funding options for long-term care services in Latin America and the Caribbean☆","authors":"Beatrice Fabiani de Leva ,&nbsp;Joan Costa-Font ,&nbsp;Natalia Aranco ,&nbsp;Marco Stampini ,&nbsp;Pablo Ibarrarán","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demographic and social changes Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have called the traditional system of long-term care service provision into question, prompting many countries to prioritize long-term care reform on their social policy and fiscal agendas. A central policy issue under consideration involves assessing the demand and the costs of various long-term care options while evaluating its financial sustainability. To date, estimating the demand for care in Latin American countries is limited due to the underdeveloped and fragmented systems in place. This paper estimates the potential cost of various long-term care service packages that differ in the extent and type of government funding. Second, we investigate the financing sustainability of different coverage scenarios across seventeen countries in the LAC region. Finally, we assess the feasibility of alternative funding mechanisms and discuss the main benefits and drawbacks considering each country’s unique institutional constraints. Our estimates indicate that, while all seventeen LAC countries have the potential to implement a system funded through general taxation, a social insurance system is only feasible in a handful set of LAC countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic changes and intergenerational reallocations in Brazil, 2003–2018","authors":"Charles H. Correa ,&nbsp;Carlos Enrique Carrasco-Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Cássio M. Turra","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores the intergenerational distribution of income and consumption in the context of the global demographic transition, focusing on Brazil. While traditional national accounts measure production and consumption, the impact of population growth and aging on the overall economy is not immediately apparent. Using National Transfer Accounts based on the United Nations (2013) methodology, we examine the disparity between consumption and labor income across generations in 2003 and 2018, focusing on the growth decomposition of the national transfer accounts. In general, the labor income of the working-age population supports the consumption of those with lower or no labor income, such as children and older individuals. However, our findings reveal that total labor income falls short of covering all consumption, leading to a growing lifecycle deficit over time. Despite the positive impact of the demographic bonus on public revenues, tax collections have proven inadequate to cover public transfers, particularly in recent years. The study suggests that investing in education may be a promising public policy for a future scenario without a demographic bonus and in an aging society. Such investment can enhance labor market productivity, increase labor income, and mitigate the impact of a lower proportion of the working-age population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Income and well-being in old age: The role of local contextual factors","authors":"Michał Myck ,&nbsp;Monika Oczkowska ,&nbsp;Ellam Kulati","doi":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the role of local contextual factors as determinants of well-being has been broadly acknowledged, the literature has focused primarily on identification of individual level determinants. Using a unique dataset linking regional and individual-level information we investigate the association of well-being and local conditions among a sample of Polish individuals aged 50 and over. The results confirm high correlation of well-being with income, and we show that this correlation grows with the quality of local conditions. Similarly, a change in the composite measure of the latter is positively associated with well-being only for high income respondents. The findings highlight a particular set of policy challenges from the point of view of old age poverty and area-based social exclusion. They offer support for targeted financial transfers, and call for improvements in local conditions, in particular in accessibility to public services for low-income older individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Economics of Ageing","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}