{"title":"Linearisation of a second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation","authors":"A. Maharaj, P. Leach, M. Govender, David P. Day","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0019","url":null,"abstract":"We analyse nonlinear second-order differential equations in terms of algebraic properties by reducing a nonlinear partial differential equation to a nonlinear second-order ordinary differential equation via the point symmetry f(v)∂v. The eight Lie point symmetries obtained for the second-order ordinary differential equation is of maximal number and a representation of the sl(3,R) algebra. We extend this analysis to a more general nonlinear second-order differential equation and we obtain similar interesting algebraic properties.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43246549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Induction motor mechanical defect diagnosis using DWT under different loading levels","authors":"A. Bouzida, R. Abdelli, Aimad Boudouda","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0001","url":null,"abstract":"The information extraction capability of the widely used signal processing tool, FFT for diagnosing induction machines, is commonly used at a constant load or at different levels. The loading level is a major influencing factor in the diagnostic process when the coupled load and the machine come with natural mechanical imperfections, and at a low load, the mechanical faults harmonics are strongly influenced. In this context, the main objective of this work is the detection of the mechanical faults and the study of the effect of the loading level on the induction motor diagnostic process. We have employed a diagnosis method based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for the multi-level decomposition of stator current and extracting the fault’s energy stored over a wide frequency range. The proposed approach has been experimentally tested on a faulty machine with dynamic eccentricity and a shaft misalignment for three loading levels. The proposed method is experimentally tested and the results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the fault detection and to point out the importance of the coupled load.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-interference cancellation in underwater acoustic communications systems using orthogonal pilots in IBFD","authors":"Hala A. Naman, A. E. Abdelkareem","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0023","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a Self-interference (SI) cancellation system model of Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication for in-band full-duplex (IBFD) technology. The SI channel is separated from the Far channel by exploiting a concurrently orthogonal pilot channel estimation technique using two orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) blocks to establish orthogonality between them based on a unitary matrix. Compared to the half-duplex channel estimator, the mean squared error (MSE) and the bit error rate (BER) provided strong evidence for the efficiency of the proposed SI cancellation. Since full-duplex systems are more efficient than half-duplex ones, the proposed approach might be seen as a viable option for them. The proposed method proved effective when used with a fixed full-duplex (FD) position and FD shifting of up to 4°. Different channel lengths and distances are adopted to evaluate the proposed method. Initial findings indicate that MSE for the SI channel minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator at 20 dB is 0.118 · 10−3, for fixed FD. In addition, this paper presents a geometry channel model for the Far channel in the IBFD underwater communication system that describes the propagation delay of the multipath reflection. The simulation results for the multipath propagation delay spread are similar to the traditional results, with the delay spread of the suggested model reaching (79 ms), which is close to the Bellhop simulator result (78 ms).","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Balasubramanian Vijayaragavan, S. P. Asok, Chandrasekar Ramalekshmi Shakthi Ganesh
{"title":"Heat transfer characteristics of double pipe heat exchanger having externally enhanced inner pipe","authors":"Balasubramanian Vijayaragavan, S. P. Asok, Chandrasekar Ramalekshmi Shakthi Ganesh","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0065","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation on enhancement of heat transfer is carried out for a double pipe heat exchanger in which the outer wall of the inner pipe is provided with circumferential labyrinth passages. Rectangular and triangular cavities with fixed labyrinth tooth thickness, height, and pitch are considered and the effect of added labyrinth structures on the heat transfer characteristics is discussed. A two-dimensional steady numerical simulation is carried out using ANSYS-FLUENT software. The flow Reynolds number equals to 20 000 and 43 000 for the hot and cold fluids, respectively, while other fluid properties are constant. From the numerical analysis carried out in this work, it is identified that the added labyrinth passages in the heat exchange surface improve the heat transfer rate and can reduce the length of the heat exchanger. Numerical predictions agree well with the results obtained from the experiment conducted.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48794071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Femtosecond laser processing of advanced technical materials","authors":"T. Primus, M. Novák, P. Zeman, F. Holešovský","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-short pulsed laser ablation may be used for high-precision machining with very low thermal influence on the processed materials. Due to this reason, lasers are increasingly used for processing of advanced materials, such as titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys or steel, every year. In this study, four advanced technical materials were analysed and compared under femtosecond laser irradiation with three different wavelengths. The main laser-material interaction parameters were identified, namely the ablation threshold and removal efficiency parameters. Higher removal rates were found for Ti6Al4V alloy with all three harmonic wavelengths. To increase process productivity, a method of increasing the repetition rate and scanning speed was presented. With the maximum repetition rate, the productivity increased five-fold with a similar removed depth and surface quality. Finally, the suitability of the identified parameters with regard to quality and productivity was demonstrated for fabrication of two complex structures – honeycomb and dot – which has the potential to improve friction properties of advanced materials.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46726294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative study of state space averaging and PWM with extra element theorem techniques for complex cascaded DC-DC Buck converter","authors":"Sangeeta H. Shete, P. Joshi","doi":"10.14311/ap.2023.63.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2023.63.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Until now, most commonly used state space averaging and PWM techniques have been applied to different converter topologies and their advantages and disadvantages were stated. However, the superiority of an analytical technique was not justified based on a parametric comparison of these techniques for the same converter topology. Hence, in this paper, first time a comparative evaluation of two commonly used modelling techniques for fourth order converter is presented. The first approach makes use of a state-space averaging of the converter and is based on analytical manipulations using different state representations of the converter. The second approach is based on PWM switch modelling with an extra element theorem and consists of topological manipulations. The two modelling techniques are applied to the same complex cascaded DC-DC Buck converter and a transfer function is obtained. These techniques are compared for different features and the study concludes that state space modelling technique is systematic and less complicated than PWM switch modelling with an extra element theorem for a higher order converter.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45252224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical analysis of the influence of the chevron inclination angle on the thermal performance of a gasket plate heat exchanger","authors":"E. Nogueira","doi":"10.14311/ap.2022.62.0627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2022.62.0627","url":null,"abstract":"Different models are applied for an experimental and theoretical determination of the thermal and hydraulic performance of gasket plate heat exchanger. One of the relevant aspects of recent works is the influence of the chevron inclination angle between the heat exchanger plates. This work aims to analyse the impact of the chevron inclination angle by applying an effective concept in a sunflower vegetable oil cooler. Comparisons are made with theoretical and experimental results from the literature for works that consider angles of inclination equal to 30◦, 45◦, and 60◦. An analysis model that does not consider the inclination angle as an explicit parameter is included for comparison purposes. In addition to the angle of inclination, two other parameters, the mass flow rate of the cold fluid (water) and the number of plates, are considered crucial for determining and analysing the results. Nusselt number, global heat transfer coefficient, effectiveness, heat transfer rate, and outlet temperatures for hot and cold fluids are presented in a graphical format. The results point to the need to improve models applied to gasket plate heat exchangers concerning the influence of the inclination angle since there are significant differences between those obtained and analysed in this work.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48667803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michal Cihla, K. Kovářová, Richard Malát, J. Valach
{"title":"Stone Topography – Useful Tool in Monuments Restoration Process","authors":"Michal Cihla, K. Kovářová, Richard Malát, J. Valach","doi":"10.14311/ap.2022.62.0589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2022.62.0589","url":null,"abstract":"The surface of building stone on historic buildings often bears the original traces of craftsmanship processing. These are an integral part of the visual appearance of the monument and thus its value, which needs to be protected. For studying and identifying traces and subsequent reconstruction of stonemason's tools, we use the methods of traceology and mechanoscopy. Using modern imaging techniques, we can identify the stonemason's tool used, reconstruct the shape of its blade, and determine how it was used. The obtained results can be used in the process of monument care, especially in the process of preparation and implementation of restoration interventions on the objects, but they are also useful for completing the historical context of the monument. Our research is focused on the systematic study of the surface topography of the stone monuments in Prague. The obtained results were systematically divided according to individual historical period. As a model example of the use of the above-mentioned methods and approaches, we present the topography of stone elements and the development of stonemason's craft in Gothic Prague. The development of the stonemason's craft within one city in a given period can be documented on selected examples arranged chronologically in succession.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46172735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and simulation of a bearing housing aerospace component from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) for additive manufacturing","authors":"Moses Oyesola, K. Mpofu, I. Daniyan, N. Mathe","doi":"10.14311/ap.2022.62.0639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2022.62.0639","url":null,"abstract":"In evaluating emerging technology, such as additive manufacturing, it is important to analyse the impact of the manufacturing process on efficiency in an objective and quantifiable manner. This study deals with the design and simulation of a bearing housing made from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) using the selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method was used for assessing the suitability of Ti6Al4V for aerospace application. The choice of Ti6Al4V is due to the comparative advantage of its strength-to-weight ratio. The implicit and explicit modules of the Abaqus software were employed for the non-linear and linear analyses of the component part. The results obtained revealed that the titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) sufficiently meets the design, functional and service requirements of the bearing housing component produced for aerospace application. The designed bearing is suitable for a high speed and temperature application beyond 1900 K, while the maximum stress induced in the component during loading was 521 kPa. It is evident that the developed stresses do not result in a distortion or deformation of the material with yield strength in the region of 820 MPa. This work provides design data for the development of a bearing housing for AM under the technique of SLM using Ti6Al4V by reflecting the knowledge of the material behaviour under the operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44396990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Kalús, Daniela Koudelková, Veronika Mučková, Martin Sokol, Mária Kurčová, P. Šťastný
{"title":"Parametric study of the energy potential of a building’s envelope with integrated energy-active elements","authors":"D. Kalús, Daniela Koudelková, Veronika Mučková, Martin Sokol, Mária Kurčová, P. Šťastný","doi":"10.14311/ap.2022.62.0595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2022.62.0595","url":null,"abstract":"Building structures with integrated energy-active elements (BSIEAE) present a progressive alternative for building construction with multifunctional energy functions. The aim was to determine the energy potential of a building envelope with integrated energy-active elements in the function of direct-heating, semi-accumulation and accumulation of large-area radiant heating. The research methodology consists in an analysis of building structures with energy-active elements, creation of mathematical-physical models based on the simplified definition of heat and mass transfer in radiant large-area heating, and a parametric study of the energy potential of individual variants of technical solutions. The results indicate that the increase in heat loss due to the location of the tubes in the structure closer to the exterior is negligible for Variant II, semi-accumulation heating, and Variant III, accumulation heating, as compared to Variant I, direct heating, it is below 1 % of the total delivered heat flux. The direct heat flux to the heated room is 89.17 %, 73.36 %, and 58.46 % of the total heat flux for Variant I, Variant II and Variant III, respectively. For Variant II and Variant III, the heat storage accounts for 14.84 %, and 29.86 % of the total heat flux, respectively. Variants II and III appear to be promising in terms of heat/cool accumulation with an assumption of lower energy demand (at least 10 %) than for low inertia walls. We plan to extend these simplified parametric studies with dynamic computer simulations to optimise the design and composition of the panels with integrated energy-active elements.","PeriodicalId":45804,"journal":{"name":"Acta Polytechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47015626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}