{"title":"Causing harm but doing good: Recognizing and overcoming the burden of necessary evil enactment in healthcare service professions.","authors":"Meena Andiappan","doi":"10.1177/09514848221109833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221109833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Necessary evils - defined as acts that cause physical, psychological, or emotional harm to victims but are for the greater good of either the victim or society - are an everyday occurrence in the healthcare industry across the globe and across healthcare service professions. Healthcare professionals are tasked with behaviors that result in pain and suffering (e.g. nurses providing shots to patients; oncologists communicating cancer diagnoses) for the betterment of their patients and stakeholders. Although these behaviors are professionally mandated, they can also be cognitively and psychologically taxing for enactors. The current conceptual paper explores the undesired effects of performing necessary evils and proposes various actions through which healthcare organizations can reduce the negative repercussions of necessary evil enactment on healthcare service professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 2","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/43/10.1177_09514848221109833.PMC10080367.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9646954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisabeth Noehammer, Matthias Ponweiser, Tobias Romeyke, Florian Eibinger
{"title":"Benefits, Barriers and Determinants of Clinical Pathway Use in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. A pilot study.","authors":"Elisabeth Noehammer, Matthias Ponweiser, Tobias Romeyke, Florian Eibinger","doi":"10.1177/09514848221107485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221107485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Performance-oriented financing of healthcare aims at demand-based and efficient resource allocation. Often, clinical pathways (CPs) are introduced in this context.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>For CP success (a) the degree of utilization of and divergence, (b) cost effects and (c) health professionals' acceptance rate of and satisfaction are relevant. There are gaps in research regarding these issues in general, and more specifically in the German speaking part of Europe.</p><p><strong>Methodology/approach: </strong>Employing a two-stage mixed-methods pilot study, we studied (a) and (b) quantitatively in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and (c) qualitatively in Germany and Austria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Many hospitals already implemented CPs, but the utilization varies. They are expected to yield middle-range savings, but intangible benefits are more important. In general, employees are in favor of CPs, but several conditions need to be met, e.g. adaptability to local requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Linking the results to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research showed many criteria are covered, which might lead to the positive evaluations, but also highlights the complexity of the intervention.</p><p><strong>Practice implication: </strong>As enhanced acceptance rates are expected to lead to higher benefits and vice versa, management team should safeguard employee participation and perceived benefits in all phases of the CP cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 2","pages":"119-126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/63/b1/10.1177_09514848221107485.PMC10080374.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9646974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akbar Ghiasi, Robert Weech-Maldonado, Ferhat Zengul, Neeraj Puro
{"title":"Contextual factors and business strategy choice: The case of us hospitals.","authors":"Akbar Ghiasi, Robert Weech-Maldonado, Ferhat Zengul, Neeraj Puro","doi":"10.1177/09514848221115093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221115093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>US hospitals are struggling with how to compete and remain viable in an increasingly turbulent and competitive environment. Using Porter's generic strategies and resource dependence theory, this study examined the relationship between environmental factors and business strategy choice among U.S. hospitals. The study used longitudinal data from 2006 to 2016 of US urban, general acute care hospitals from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey, Medicare cost reports, and Area Health Resource File. Multinomial regression was used to analyze the data. and Discussion: Our findings showed four types of hospital strategy: cost-leadership, differentiation, hybrid, and stuck-in-the-middle. A greater number of physicians (county-level) increases the likelihood of pursuing differentiation and hybrid strategy. On the other hand, a higher older adult population (65 years+) increases the likelihood of pursuing a cost-leadership strategy. Similarly, lower competition and higher Medicare Advantage penetration increases the likelihood of pursuing cost-leadership over hybrid strategy. An increase in the unemployment rate decreases the likelihood of pursuing differentiation and cost-leadership strategies versus the hybrid strategy. Finally, hospitals pursuing a differentiation strategy tended to be larger, teaching, and not-for-profit. The results showed the importance of environmental and organizational factors in predicting the strategy choice of hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 2","pages":"127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9261455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicky Baker, Jill Garner, Liz Kapur, Belinda Lange
{"title":"Allied health clinical supervision: An opportunity lost.","authors":"Nicky Baker, Jill Garner, Liz Kapur, Belinda Lange","doi":"10.1177/09514848221100747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221100747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated clinical supervision with Allied Health professionals in a public health setting. Staff perceptions and experiences were explored through focus group discussions. Key themes identified that supervisees \"tip-toe into complexity\" by engaging in reflective practice for incremental personal and professional development. In contrast, supervisors identified that reflexivity was required for the opportunity to \"develop at a deeper level\". Offering a choice of supervisor and providing supervisor training enhanced supervision experiences. Challenges to effective supervision were identified. Competing priorities, inconsistent modes of delivery, major organisational change and the role of clinical supervision in line with professional development confounded the experiences. Health managers could improve the processes and outcomes by implementing consistency with approach, timing, documentation, language, and structure of Clinical Supervision.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 2","pages":"102-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reducing hospital admissions and transfers to long-term inpatient care: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Stephan Herberg, Frank Teuteberg","doi":"10.1177/09514848211068620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848211068620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals in need of long-term care and their relatives prefer to receive and give care in their domestic environment for as long as possible. Residential long-term care is to be avoided for as long as possible. To achieve this goal, the care setting must be optimally oriented to the needs of the person in need of care. Moreover, relatives who provide care must be professionally supported. The Regional Care Competence Center (ReKo), launched on October 1, 2019, is a quasi-experimental study (two groups and pre-post design), funded by the Innovation Fund. As part of the ReKo project, people in need of care and their relatives are assisted by a case management (CM) system. An independent CM, supported by an IT network that includes the most important service providers, is to establish a comprehensive CM for people in need of care. Based on a literature review, this paper aimed to take a conceptual approach to the ReKo project by drawing on previous research and comparing the findings with the ReKo approach. The review considered CM projects that defined avoidance of hospitalization and/or delay in the transition of care recipients to long-term inpatient care as endpoints. Using PubMed and Google Scholar, the study screened 270 articles, abstracted and quality-assessed data, and included eight randomized clinical trials, two other studies, and seven reviews in the analysis. The review results and ReKo approaches are presented along the dimensions of clinical and medical benefits, community and public health benefits, economic benefits, and political and legislative benefits. CM organizations will continue to be established internationally in aging societies. The questions of improving quality of care, avoiding service costs, and the costs of establishing a CM must be raised, even if clear evidence is difficult to provide.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"10-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10669641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of surgeon experience on technical efficiency.","authors":"Yoshinori Nakata, Yuichi Watanabe, Hiroshi Otake","doi":"10.1177/09514848221080688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221080688","url":null,"abstract":"Surgeon experience certainly improves their technical efficiency although it also causes physiological changes with aging. The authors hypothesized that surgeons’ technical efficiency improves with increasing experience up to a point where it then decreases, which is a concave relationship. The authors collected data from all the surgical procedures performed at University Hospital from April through September in 2013–19. The dependent variable was defined as surgeons’ technical efficiency scores that were calculated using output-oriented Charnes–Cooper–Rhodes model of data envelopment analysis. Inputs were defined as (1) the number of assistants and (2) the duration of surgical operation. The output was defined as the surgical fee for each surgery. Surgeon experience was defined as the number of years since medical school graduation. Five control variables were selected: surgical volume, gender, academic rank, surgical specialty, and the year of surgery. Multiple regression analysis using pooled and random-effects Tobit models was performed for our panel data. Totally 20,375 surgical procedures performed by 264 surgeons in 42 months were analyzed. The coefficients of experience and the square of experience were not significantly different from zero. The other coefficients were also insignificant. Surgeons’ technical efficiency does not have a concave relationship with experience.","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10570444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the effect of patients' health status on efficiency: Application of data envelopment analysis in healthcare.","authors":"Tamás Koltai, Rita V Dénes, Zoltán Dénes","doi":"10.1177/09514848211065464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848211065464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effective and efficient operation of public healthcare systems is more and more important as a consequence of the increasing amount of money spent on their operation. For this reason, accurate and science-based efficiency information is needed for managers and healthcare policy makers. The evaluation of the efficiency in this sector is particularly difficult because several measures and indicators are used. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) can provide aggregate and overall measures of efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the examination of the efficiency of in-patient rehabilitation units curing musculoskeletal disorders in Hungary. The research presented focuses on rehabilitation units which attend to patients recovering from stroke or other acquired brain injuries. Output-oriented, slack-based DEA models are applied for the evaluation of in-patient rehabilitation units using data of a national survey. The novelty of the method presented is the consideration of the change in patients' functional status when efficiency is evaluated using DEA.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10624239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovanni Fattore, Dino Numerato, Domenico Salvatore
{"title":"Do policies affect management? Evidence from a survey of clinicians of the Italian National Health Service.","authors":"Giovanni Fattore, Dino Numerato, Domenico Salvatore","doi":"10.1177/09514848211073521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848211073521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the early 1990s, New Public Management ideas have deeply influenced reforms and their implementation in the Italian NHS. We compare doctors' perceptions about management systems in two Italian regions which differ in the dominant values of the regional political environment. In total 220 doctors, orthopaedists and cardiologists, working in public hospitals in Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, were surveyed. Doctors in Emilia-Romagna perceived their organization to be more managerially driven in comparison to their colleagues in Lombardy. Doctors from Lombardy perceived their professional freedom to be higher, regardless of their specialization. The divergence of professionals' perception between these two Italian regions, which operate within the same Beveridge model, shows that dominant values of regional politics may have tangible effects on hospital management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9119731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthias Brunn, Torsten Kratz, Michael Padget, Marie-Caroline Clément, Marc Smyrl
{"title":"Why are there so many hospital beds in Germany?","authors":"Matthias Brunn, Torsten Kratz, Michael Padget, Marie-Caroline Clément, Marc Smyrl","doi":"10.1177/09514848221080691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848221080691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The place of hospitals in health systems is undergoing rapid change worldwide due to the high cost of hospital care and the changing health needs of the population. The Covid-19 pandemic has recently drawn public attention towards hospital capacity and has added new urgency to discussions on the future role of hospitals. In this context, recent experience in Germany provides valuable information for health systems seeking to manage hospital capacity. Despite reform efforts to reduce hospital capacity, Germany has the highest rates of intensive care beds among high-income countries and the highest overall hospital capacity in Europe. The capacity of the German hospital system can be explained in large part by the high number of elderly in-patients. This, in turn, is driven by (1) a fragmented ambulatory care system; (2) physicians admitting and maintaining elderly patients in hospital at a high rate; (3) a hospital market adding incentives to admit patients; and (4) a political commitment to egalitarian access and universal care. Additionally, recent policies to reduce hospital capacity have had limited impact because hospitals have not responded to financial incentives in the expected manner. Countries looking to learn from Germany's hospital capacity must therefore consider systemic features, political commitments, and unintended policy consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":45801,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Management Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9134865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}