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EU - China relations after the 2024 European elections 2024年欧洲大选后的欧中关系
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00747-y
Hans Dietmar Schweisgut
{"title":"EU - China relations after the 2024 European elections","authors":"Hans Dietmar Schweisgut","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00747-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00747-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The context of EU - China relations since the elections of the European Parliament in June 2024 and the start of the new Commission is fundamentally different from the situation five years ago. Covid, but above all China’s implicit support for Russia after it attacked Ukraine in February 2022 have changed the perception of China, which had already been labelled a systemic rival in the EU’s China strategy 2019. Europe’s increasing dependence on China for critical raw materials and strategic supply chains have highlighted the need to focus on economic security as well as on the new geopolitical context which has changed again with the start of President Trump’s second term. The policy speech by President van der Leyen in March 2023 and the Commission’s economic security strategy are clear expressions of the shift in Europe’s perception of China. While much will depend on future US - China relations, the EU and its member states will have to develop a more consistent and operational China policy. It will no longer be possible to separate trade and investment relations, cooperation on regional and global issues, geopolitical rivalry and competing conceptions of the international order. A coherent cross - sector approach with full buy - in by member states will be required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 4","pages":"461 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145796507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NATO and Quad: a China threat vs. a cross-functional Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific cooperation 北约和四方:中国威胁vs跨职能的欧洲-大西洋和印度-太平洋合作
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00756-x
Jagannath Panda
{"title":"NATO and Quad: a China threat vs. a cross-functional Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific cooperation","authors":"Jagannath Panda","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00756-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00756-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the evolving security dynamics posed by China’s rise under Xi Jinping, with a focus on its implications for NATO and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad). As China expands its influence through military modernization, economic initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and security frameworks such as the Global Development Initiative (GDI), it poses a multifaceted challenge to the liberal international order (LIO). The study examines how NATO and the Quad, representing Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific interests respectively, are adapting to these threats, particularly in light of China’s growing partnerships with authoritarian regimes like Russia, Iran, and North Korea. The paper explores whether these two security mechanisms, despite their distinct regional focuses and operational structures, can establish a cooperative relationship to counterbalance China’s global ambitions. It contends that while China’s rise and its authoritarian alliances represent significant threats, the feasibility of a coordinated NATO-Quad response remains uncertain, necessitating further strategic alignment to safeguard international stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"24 on","pages":"41 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The EU, China, and the future of climate finance 欧盟、中国和气候融资的未来
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00748-x
Niall Duggan, Kim Vender, Jörn-Carsten Gottwald
{"title":"The EU, China, and the future of climate finance","authors":"Niall Duggan,&nbsp;Kim Vender,&nbsp;Jörn-Carsten Gottwald","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00748-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00748-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Relations between the European Union (EU) and the People’s Republic of China (China) face substantial strains. Cooperation in the fight against global warming seems to be one of the few areas where a strategic partnership might still be possible. Within the field of climate change governance, the issue of climate finance has gained substantial significance and was at the core of COP29. Here, important developments indicate a complex scenario for future collaboration: the EU’s hopes to preserve climate change as an “island of opportunity” for collaboration meet a Chinese revision of climate policy that seeks to raise it to a key foreign policy issue—thus linking it with core interests. At the technical level, despite several MoUs and declarations of intended cooperation, in climate finance, China and the EU have not agreed on a Chinese contribution to the Loss and Damage Fund at COP28. Finally, regarding the New Collective Quantified Goal on Finance, the EU and China are aligned on the importance of an updated goal but differ on how climate finance obligations should be structured. In the paper, we explore the current state of affairs in EU-China cooperation regarding climate finance (governance). We highlight the recent revision of China’s foreign policy approach and trace the positioning of both sides toward and at COP29. The paper identifies where the EU and China are diverging and converging in their approaches to climate finance and indicates future policy options.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 4","pages":"563 - 571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10308-025-00748-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Subnational dimensions of the EU’s de-risking strategy in relations with China 欧盟在对华关系中降低风险战略的次国家层面
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00746-z
Tomasz Kamiński
{"title":"Subnational dimensions of the EU’s de-risking strategy in relations with China","authors":"Tomasz Kamiński","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00746-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00746-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper highlights the strategic importance of integrating subnational governments into the European Union’s de-risking policy towards China, focusing on their unique contributions to mitigating dependencies and enhancing resilience. While the EU has shifted from a decoupling strategy to de-risking—emphasising diversification and safeguarding critical sectors—the role of subnational entities such as cities and regions remains underutilised. Often at the forefront of international partnerships, these actors engage in sectors vulnerable to geopolitical, economic, and reputational risks, but also present opportunities to support the EU’s strategic objectives. The paper demonstrates how subnational governments can be instrumental in diversifying partnerships across Asia, advancing the EU’s Global Gateway initiative, and contributing to industrial policy, all within the de-risking framework. It proposes a structured, three-step model—recognition, mechanisms for input, and best-practice sharing—to enhance the engagement of subnational actors in EU policies. By leveraging their expertise and local networks, cities and regions can play an essential role in strengthening the EU’s resilience, reducing over-reliance on China, and linking local initiatives with the Union’s broader strategic goals. Through a comprehensive analysis of risks, opportunities, and actionable recommendations, this paper underlines the critical need for multilevel governance in addressing the complexities of EU-China relations, positioning subnational actors as essential contributors to the Union’s de-risking strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 4","pages":"509 - 517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10308-025-00746-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geopolitical conflicts and economic disruptions: Germany’s China policy under pressure 地缘政治冲突与经济动荡:德国对华政策面临压力
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00751-2
Margot Schüller
{"title":"Geopolitical conflicts and economic disruptions: Germany’s China policy under pressure","authors":"Margot Schüller","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00751-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00751-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The European Union’s policy on China provided the foundation for Germany’s ‘Strategy on China’, published in 2023. By framing China as ‘partner, competitor, and systemic rival’, the EU’s 2019 policy signalled flexibility. However, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the attempt to weaponise energy imports in 2022 shifted the EU’s focus towards economic security and a ‘de-risking’ approach to China. Germany’s strategy revealed open dissension on two levels: within the ‘traffic light’ coalition government, and between government policy and the interests of German business. Business representatives, pointing to a weakening domestic economy and structural challenges in major industries, questioned the de-risking approach. This internal dissent hindered the development of a consistent China policy and obstructed effective responses to mounting economic and geopolitical challenges. Following the February 2025 election, a new coalition government was formed with the stated aim of reviving the domestic economy and pursuing a more assertive foreign policy. It announced a revision of the China strategy, continuing to follow the principle of de-risking. The first section of this paper examines the formation of Germany’s China strategy. The second section explores geopolitical and industrial factors. The third section analyses the response from German businesses. The fourth section discusses the current government’s approach to China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 4","pages":"489 - 496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10308-025-00751-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The entangled energy policy reform in the Philippines: a missing link for the regional production network 菲律宾纠缠的能源政策改革:区域生产网络缺失的一环
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00745-0
Yusuke Takagi
{"title":"The entangled energy policy reform in the Philippines: a missing link for the regional production network","authors":"Yusuke Takagi","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00745-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00745-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Once an exception in the story of miraculous economic growth in East Asia, the Philippines is still an outlier in terms of its export volume and manufacturing production despite the impressive economic growth in the twenty-first century. Some may attribute the exceptional situation to the weak state with crony capitalism, while others may highlight the missing opportunity after the Plaza Accord of 1985, prompting Japanese firms to invest in neighboring Southeast Asian economies. Against this backdrop, we argue that the energy policy reform, entangled with the previous policy choices and regional contingencies, prevented investors from boosting the Philippine economy. To advance the argument, we scrutinize the policymaking and implementation amid the governance crises (i.e., corruption), energy shortage, and the government-wide fiscal crisis caused by the Asian Financial Crisis. The process-tracing reveals a series of crises prompting the policymakers to prioritize punishing the corruption-prone institutions, increasing supply, and reducing the government’s financial burden over electricity price reduction, resulting in prohibitively high electricity prices. Thanks to privatization, private businesses in the energy sector have thrived, but are not free from regional contingency. Private sector-led resource exploration in the South China Sea, which had once found a rich energy source, faced another regional contingency created by China’s assertive actions at sea. The story of the entangled energy policy reform sheds light on the roles of the institutional arrangements and regional contingencies, which are often neglected in the dominant discourse in the Philippine political economy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"24 2","pages":"571 - 588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Third Plenum of the Twentieth Party Congress: ideological fervor, economic pragmatism, and the possibilities for EU-China relations 二十届三中全会:意识形态热情、经济实用主义和中欧关系的可能性
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00744-1
Bart Dessein, Jasper Roctus
{"title":"The Third Plenum of the Twentieth Party Congress: ideological fervor, economic pragmatism, and the possibilities for EU-China relations","authors":"Bart Dessein,&nbsp;Jasper Roctus","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00744-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00744-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has made solid progress in pursuing the high-quality development it urgently seeks, placing innovation at the core of its economic strategy. However, much like its initial technological leap during the reform and opening-up era—which was heavily reliant on technology imports—China continues to depend significantly on the West for (certain) advanced innovations and high-end technologies. This reliance helps explain why China remains committed to staying open to the global economy: as a source of raw materials, energy, and technology, and as a vital market for its manufactured goods. At the same time, Beijing is determined to avoid overdependence on foreign countries. This dual aim is reflected in the earlier ‘Dual Circulation Strategy’ (DCS), as well as in more recent concepts such as ‘new qualitative productive forces’ and ‘the country’s innovation system,’ highlighted in the ‘Resolution of the Third Plenum of the Twentieth Party Congress’ of July 2024. In light of this, the European Union (EU) has to contend with a PRC that is deeply nationalistic, proud of its economic achievements, yet also burdened by a faltering economy and a growing sense of strategic encirclement. Recognizing that both the EU and China have substantial stakes in each other’s sustainable growth and prosperity, this policy brief recommends that Brussels seize opportunities to renew dialogue and revitalize bilateral relations. Doing so could persuade Beijing that greater benefits lie in alignment with the EU than with alternative partners. Moreover, in a context of intensifying US-China tensions, reengagement with China may help preserve the functioning of global governance institutions and maintain the EU’s influence on the international stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 4","pages":"549 - 562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The EU-Japan security cooperation in defence of the liberal international order: achievements and limitations 捍卫自由国际秩序的欧盟-日本安全合作:成就与局限
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00740-5
Elena Atanassova-Cornelis, Eva Pejsova
{"title":"The EU-Japan security cooperation in defence of the liberal international order: achievements and limitations","authors":"Elena Atanassova-Cornelis,&nbsp;Eva Pejsova","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00740-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00740-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article examines the evolving EU-Japan security cooperation in the context of the deteriorating global security environment over the past decade with a focus on EU-Japanese efforts in upholding the Liberal International Order (LIO). Conceptually, the article builds on both partners’ vested interests and strong attachment to the LIO, and the rules and norms that underpin it, including the rule of law, multilateralism, and free trade. Concretely, it argues that the multiple security challenges that have emerged in the context of the contested LIO, namely great power competition and the relative decline of the USA, the rise of authoritarian regimes, and the emergence of hybrid threats, constitute a powerful driver for strengthening EU-Japan security cooperation. Within the security realm, maritime security, and cybersecurity and digital connectivity, as well as defence technology cooperation have been particularly important areas for the two partners in responding to the challenges to the LIO. The article also demonstrates that EU-Japanese joint responses in upholding the LIO face important constraints. Therefore, the future of the bilateral security cooperation will depend in many ways on both partners’ careful assessment of respective strategic priorities, resources, and limitations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"24 on","pages":"73 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147607200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From infrastructure space to network power: Chinese cross-border collaborative Special Economic Zones in Southeast Asia 从基础设施空间到网络力量:中国在东南亚的跨境合作经济特区
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00738-z
Hong Liu, Chao Yao
{"title":"From infrastructure space to network power: Chinese cross-border collaborative Special Economic Zones in Southeast Asia","authors":"Hong Liu,&nbsp;Chao Yao","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00738-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00738-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a growing scholarly attention to mega cross-border infrastructural projects in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) through collaborative Special Economic Zones (SEZs). While existing literature has explored relationships between special zones, usually produced through preferential economic policies, and the outside region, few studies take a view beyond the static demarcation of SEZs. This paper utilizes network power framework through the lens of infrastructuralization to investigate the changing and diversified emphasis of China’s application of the SEZ model. It delves into the development processes of the China-invested Sihanoukville SEZ in Cambodia and the Malaysia-China Kuantan Industrial Park in Malaysia. The introduction of the Shenzhen model in the Sihanoukville SEZ brings in the idea and practice of administrative reconfiguration, and the zone becomes a constitutive part of the infrastructure that channels the planning codes into Cambodia. In comparison, with limited space for overseas developers, the zone in Malaysia serves as the infrastructure to secure logistics alternatives in the transnational production network. By investigating the SEZs' multi-faceted process of infrastructuralization, we argue that the SEZs constitute a key hub of the interactive networks and simultaneously an integral part of the channel for cross-border circulation of capital, people, ideas, technical standards, and practices. By transcending conventional territorial boundaries and integrating zoning codes with logistical infrastructures, China has effectively turned SEZs into nodes of both domestic urbanization and transnational power network entanglements. The Chinese model demonstrates the potential of zones to operate beyond enclave logics and instead function as strategic assemblage that rewrite state-market relations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"23 2-3","pages":"263 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10308-025-00738-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward a Eurasian security complex? The two Koreas’ entanglement in the Ukraine war and the conjoining of European and Asian security 走向欧亚安全复合体?南北韩在乌克兰战争中的纠缠以及欧洲和亚洲安全的结合
IF 1 3区 社会学
Asia Europe Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10308-025-00742-3
Yang Xiangfeng
{"title":"Toward a Eurasian security complex? The two Koreas’ entanglement in the Ukraine war and the conjoining of European and Asian security","authors":"Yang Xiangfeng","doi":"10.1007/s10308-025-00742-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10308-025-00742-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How have the two Koreas reacted to the Ukraine war? How has the war changed the security dynamics in Northeast Asia? Of all the security maneuvers undertaken by various states, North Korea’s dispatch of tens of thousands of soldiers to fight for Russia stands out as one of the most audacious. Meanwhile, the significance of South Korea—a vital supplier of weaponry to Ukraine’s neighbors unsettled by the war—should not be underestimated. To understand the strategic calculations shaping the behavior of the Koreas, we adopt a holistic approach that considers both their associations with great powers and the regional dynamics. North Korea’s military intervention was motivated by a desire to establish superiority over the South and to reduce its dependence on China—an opportunity that Moscow seized during its time of need for external support. South Korea, on the other hand, has had to balance the strategic imperative of not antagonizing Russia with mounting Western pressure. The two Koreas’ disparate entanglements amply attest to the growing security interconnection between East Asia and Europe—two geostrategic theaters hitherto conventionally considered separate. With Donald Trump’s erratic trade and foreign policies, further integration into a Eurasian security complex may be spurred by unpredictable interactions among the major actors concerning the Ukraine war, Korean affairs, and Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":45680,"journal":{"name":"Asia Europe Journal","volume":"24 on","pages":"265 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10308-025-00742-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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