Maritime Studies最新文献_第2页

Trawling through time: reconstructing a late nineteenth century beam trawl for scientific inshore fishery investigations 穿越时空的拖网：为近海渔业科学调查重建 19 世纪晚期的梁式拖网

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00371-3

Georgina L. Hunt, Georg H. Engelhard, John K. Pinnegar, Benjamin D. Wigham, Nicholas V. C. Polunin

{"title":"Trawling through time: reconstructing a late nineteenth century beam trawl for scientific inshore fishery investigations","authors":"Georgina L. Hunt, Georg H. Engelhard, John K. Pinnegar, Benjamin D. Wigham, Nicholas V. C. Polunin","doi":"10.1007/s40152-024-00371-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00371-3","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding long-term change in fish populations often relies on comparing catches from historical and contemporary trawl surveys. However, such comparisons may not resolve biases associated with differences in fishing gears and their relative catchabilities. It is possible to reduce these uncertainties by replicating historical trawl gear and practices. With the availability of unique historical catch data, we investigated the trawl gear employed by the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee (NSFC) during scientific surveys conducted between 1892–1913 in inshore waters of the Northumberland coast (UK), and describe our attempt to reconstruct the gear using currently available materials. We reviewed the historical literature, photographs and acquired technical expertise to reconstruct a late nineteenth century beam trawl used by the NSFC. The replica gear consisted of a 6.7 m beam connected by two Brixham style wrought-iron trawl heads, which held open a triangular-shaped trawl net with rounded ground-rope. Following construction, we tested the performance and catchability of the replica gear by conducting comparative trawls using a modern otter trawl in August 2018 and March 2019. Both trawl gears exhibited similar catches for flatfish in August trials, yet a higher proportion of individuals were landed by the otter trawl in March. Zero or negligible catches were exhibited by the replica gear during this period. This work collates relevant information to describe the evolution, design and functioning of late nineteenth century beam trawls used around the British Isles, providing an important repository for investigators interested in trawl technology and survey designs.","PeriodicalId":45628,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technomolecular flows in coastal cities: an anthropological approach to new materialist ethics of the anthropogenic microscale 沿海城市的技术分子流动：从人类学角度探讨人类活动微观层面的新唯物主义伦理学

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00377-x

Raúl Acosta

引用次数: 0

Practices and informal institutions governing artisanal gillnet fisheries in Western Ghana 管理加纳西部个体刺网渔业的做法和非正式机构

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00379-9

Issah Seidu, Lawrence K. Brobbey, Osei-Tutu Paul, David van Beuningen, Moro Seidu, Nicholas K. Dulvy

{"title":"Practices and informal institutions governing artisanal gillnet fisheries in Western Ghana","authors":"Issah Seidu, Lawrence K. Brobbey, Osei-Tutu Paul, David van Beuningen, Moro Seidu, Nicholas K. Dulvy","doi":"10.1007/s40152-024-00379-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00379-9","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the informal institutions arising from cultural norms, taboos, and beliefs can improve conservation efforts and resource management in Africa. However, little is known of their potential for governing the management of artisanal gillnet fisheries, as well as, the practices and activities of fishers in Ghana. Here, we explore the practices of artisanal gillnet fishers landing shark and ray as their major components and the informal institutions governing the management of these fisheries. We interviewed 33 active and retired fishers in five fishing communities in Western Ghana, complemented with participant observations to collect data for the study. While fishing effort and the financing of fishing trips vary between fishers using drift gillnets and bottomset gillnets, the sharing systems and payment of crew members are relatively uniform in both fisheries and across the study communities. Despite the absence of state regulation, the species-specific taboos recorded offer protection for Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) and whales (Cetacea), which are considered threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The role of modern religions (like Christianity and Islam) and the influx of different people with different values, beliefs, and cultures explain the erosion of some resource management taboos and beliefs. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of officially recognizing these informal institutions as legitimate institutions for the effective management of imperiled marine species targeted by gillnet fishers at the local level.","PeriodicalId":45628,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are targets really SMART-er? Challenging assumptions behind global environmental policy goals to realize ocean equity 目标真的更有 SMART 吗？挑战全球环境政策目标背后的假设，实现海洋公平

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00374-0

Hillary Smith, Anastasia Quintana, Lisa Campbell

{"title":"Are targets really SMART-er? Challenging assumptions behind global environmental policy goals to realize ocean equity","authors":"Hillary Smith, Anastasia Quintana, Lisa Campbell","doi":"10.1007/s40152-024-00374-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00374-0","url":null,"abstract":"Unpacking the dynamics of policy mobility is critical to understanding what happens when global environmental policies are implemented, including why equity goals remain unmet. In this paper, we ‘follow the policy’ focusing on two policies with ocean equity goals, the Aichi Biodiversity Target for protected areas and the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines. Through case studies of national-level implementation of these instruments in Mexico and Tanzania, we demonstrate how flexibility to determine implementation actions and indicators can benefit equity, in particular understudied recognitional and procedural dimensions of equity. Recently, the Convention on Biological Diversity negotiated new biodiversity targets for 2030. During this multi-year process, negotiators debated whether or not to include difficult-to-measure equity elements within the protected areas target, given the commitment to making all targets “SMART” (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound) as policymakers ‘doubled down on targets’ and the underlying metrological regime despite their failings. Based on our analysis, we outline alternative strategies to ‘double down on equity’ instead.","PeriodicalId":45628,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: What is the Blue Economy? A spatialised governmentality perspective 更正：什么是蓝色经济？空间化政府性视角

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00372-2

A. Midlen

引用次数: 0

Elevating labor concerns in small-scale fisheries: challenges to decent work in Peru’s jumbo flying squid fishery 提高对小型渔业中劳工问题的关注：秘鲁巨型鱿鱼渔业体面工作面临的挑战

IF 3.4

Maritime Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-024-00368-y

Alejandro Garcia Lozano, Jesica Pino Shibata, Juan Carlos Jerí, John N. Kittinger

引用次数: 0

The representation of Aboriginal health and wellbeing values within coastal marine and fisheries policies of the Northern Territory of Australia 澳大利亚北部地区沿海海洋和渔业政策中原住民健康和福祉价值的体现