New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy最新文献

{"title":"Understanding Farmworker Fluid Intake Using Intersectionality Theory","authors":"Elizabeth Mizelle, K. Larson, Caroline Doherty","doi":"10.1177/10482911221078964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911221078964","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, Latino farmworkers are disproportionately at risk for death from heat-related illnesses. To elicit Latino farmworker perceptions on their fluid intake and heat stress, a qualitative descriptive, community-informed research study was conducted in eastern North Carolina. A total of 28 Mexican farmworkers participated in one of 4 focus groups. Using content analysis and guided by Intersectionality theory, themes and subthemes were identified. The first theme was Absence of Protection, represented by 2 subthemes: (1a) Intense Climate Considerations; and (1b) Workplace Exploitation. The second theme, Freedom to Drink, included 2 subthemes: (2a) Distance and Distaste; and (2b) Culture of Farm Work. Farmworkers perceived extreme outdoor temperatures as the greatest workplace barrier to staying hydrated and reported water accessibility and quality issues. Farmworker fluid intake was influenced by interlocking social categories and power systems. Policy recommendations that prevent farmworker heat-related illness and promote hydration are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"32 1","pages":"19 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46515823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewer Thank You, November 1, 2020—October 31, 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10482911221080319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911221080319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"2014 1","pages":"80 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87943198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truer Facts Through Stronger Values: Confronting Science's Sociopolitical Realities.","authors":"Nadja Eisenberg-Guyot, Jerzy Eisenberg-Guyot","doi":"10.1177/10482911211058071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10482911211058071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assaults on science have led scientists to demand \"politics-free/values-free\" science that safeguards science against error by grounding it in \"politically neutral\" evidence. Considering racial disparities in lead poisoning, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19, we show the solution is doomed. Politically charged beliefs are essential for assessing public-health research; thus, the beliefs' truth affects the research's accuracy. However, science's sociopolitical uses systematically distort politically charged beliefs. Since errors assimilate into our scientific corpus and inform new hypotheses, scientists need accurate sociopolitical theories of distorting forces to identify errors. Analyzing Black-Panther opposition to violence research, we argue since racial disparities structure society and science has been distorted to buttress racial inequities, knowledgeable anti-racist scientists exert corrective forces on research. They hold accurate politically charged beliefs about sociopolitical forces shaping science and health, and are committed to eradicating distortions. Thus, rather than quarantining politically charged beliefs, scientists should sharpen their sociopolitical theories and normative commitments.</p>","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 4","pages":"413-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9190263/pdf/nihms-1811130.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10594537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workplace Violence: The Hidden Epidemic Plaguing Health Care Workers","authors":"J. Barab","doi":"10.1177/10482911211069608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211069608","url":null,"abstract":"Health care workers have never had an easy job – or a safe job. Home care workers, nurses and hospital workers, who frequently must lift heavy patients and work with hazardous drugs and chemicals, have higher injury rates than construction workers or coal miners. Added to that are injuries and sometimes deaths resulting from assaults and workplace violence, especially in emergency rooms, mental health facilities and long-term care facilities. It is their story that health and safety advocates Margaret M. Keith and James T. Brophy tackle in Code White: Sounding the Alarm on Violence Against Healthcare Workers. But this isn’t just a book about horror stories. Keith and Brophy dig deep into the root causes of violence against healthcare workers and then make recommendations about what can be done to protect healthcare workers. Healthcare workers were not trained in mixed martial arts. There are no classes in self-defense on nursing school curricula. Nevertheless, their workplaces often resemble combat zones:","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"32 1","pages":"77 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65748555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centuries of Exploitation in the Coalfields of Appalachia","authors":"Aysha Bodenhamer","doi":"10.1177/10482911211055472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211055472","url":null,"abstract":"In her book, Digging Their Own Graves, Barbara Ellen Smith provides a meticulously researched and detailed account of Appalachian coal miners and their experiences with black lung disease. Starting with the discovery of the disease in 1831, Smith works her way through the contentious medicalization of black lung over the last two centuries. Black lung, formally known as coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), is a debilitating and fatal lung disease caused by chronic exposure to coal dust. The disease has plagued Appalachian coal miners and their families for centuries. Smith emphasizes that black lung is not simply a medical issue, but rather, involves an intricate web of bureaucracy, power, politics, and class. Even as the stranglehold of the coal industry in Appalachia slowly comes to a close, the legacy of black lung will remain for generations to come. Coal miners have long been aware of the health effects of black lung, made apparent by their recurrent heavy coughing fits and thick black sputum. One miner, Gary Hairston, shared a story about coughing so hard he spit up pieces of his own lung. Nonetheless, physicians were slow to acknowledge black lung as a legitimate disease, largely because of their fealty to company influence. While first “discovered” by Dr. James Gregory, a Scottish physician, in 1831, black lung was not recognized in the United States until 1869, roughly three decades later. Even after the initial discovery of disease, it was another century before regulations were established and miners began to be compensated for their illness. Smith points out that “Even as they shaped the production of death and disease, coal companies sought to control the definition and treatment of medical problems” (p. 27). The battle to protect miners in the mines and compensate them for their occupational illness continued for decades to come. The coal industry established total control in the coalfields of Appalachia in the early 1900s. They were able to do this by recruiting new immigrants to the isolated coalfields of central Appalachia, paying them in scrip, a nonlegal tender, and making them live in company-owned towns. The work was gruesome and dangerous, leading to the deaths of more than 45,000 miners between 1906-1935 (p. 27). This mono-economy secured the power and authority of the coal industry and warded off unionization for decades. The struggle to unionize in central Appalachia is perhaps one of the most notable labor histories in the United States. It took miners two decades of bitter, armed conflicts in the coal towns before miners began unionizing en masse in 1933. These bloody battles were fought at Matewan, Paint Creek, and Blair Mountain during the 1910s and 1920s, marking the largest armed insurrection in U.S. history. Miners prevailed, and by 1934, there were more than 400,000 miners enlisted in the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). While strong unionization certainly helped regain some semblance of power among the rank-","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":"487 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45250029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIOSH Responds to the U.S. Drug Overdose Epidemic.","authors":"Jamie C Osborne, L Casey Chosewood","doi":"10.1177/10482911211040754","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10482911211040754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States is experiencing an evolving and worsening drug overdose epidemic. Although the rate of drug use among workers has remained relatively stable, the risk of overdose and death among drug users has not, as illicit drugs have increased in potency and lethality. The cumulative impacts of COVID-19 and the opioid crisis increase the likelihood of illness and death among workers with opioid use disorder. Workplaces represent a critical point of contact for people living in the United States who are struggling with or recovering from a substance use disorder, and employment is a vital source of recovery \"capital.\" The benefits of addressing substance use in the workplace, supporting treatment, and employing workers in recovery are evident. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has published research to inform policy and practice toward prevention efforts and has developed accessible resources and toolkits to support workers, employers, and workplaces in combatting the opioid overdose crisis and creating safer, healthier communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 3","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10170552/pdf/nihms-1881666.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9438938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Promise and Limitations of Worker Centers","authors":"E. Loomis","doi":"10.1177/10482911211045001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211045001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":"484 - 486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47044370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking Out of the Box: Building the Labor Movement Workers Need","authors":"Anneta Z. Argyres","doi":"10.1177/10482911211015678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211015678","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":"193 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10482911211015678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43116214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Vulnerability and Occupational Injury Among Latinx Child Farmworkers in North Carolina.","authors":"Taylor J Arnold, Thomas A Arcury, Sara A Quandt, Dana C Mora, Stephanie S Daniel","doi":"10.1177/10482911211017556","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10482911211017556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children as young as ten-years-old can legally work as hired farm labor in the United States. In North Carolina, many hired children are part of the Latinx farmworker community. Agriculture is a hazardous industry, and child workers experience high rates of injury, illness, and mortality. As part of a community-based participatory research study, we draw from thirty in-depth interviews with Latinx child farmworkers aged ten to seventeen to describe their experiences of personal and observed workplace injury and close calls. Nearly all child workers had experienced or observed some form of injury, with several reporting close calls that could have resulted in severe injury or fatality. Overall, children reported a reactive approach to injury prevention and normalized pain as part of the job. Highlighting Latinx child farmworkers' structural \"vulnerability, this analysis contextualizes understanding of workplace injury among this largely hidden population. We offer policy recommendations to protect and support these vulnerable workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 2","pages":"125-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9075681/pdf/nihms-1789014.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10611992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science, Sustainability, and Survival: The Return of Nature","authors":"Mike Prokosch","doi":"10.1177/10482911211015679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211015679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45586,"journal":{"name":"New Solutions-A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":"195 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10482911211015679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49215831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}