B. Falodun, A. J. Omowaye, F. Oyelami, H. Emadifar, Ahmad Hamod, S. Atif
{"title":"Double-Diffusive MHD Viscous Fluid Flow in a Porous Medium in the Presence of Cattaneo-Christov Theories","authors":"B. Falodun, A. J. Omowaye, F. Oyelami, H. Emadifar, Ahmad Hamod, S. Atif","doi":"10.1155/2022/2533714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2533714","url":null,"abstract":"The Cattaneo-Christov model will be used to examine the significance of heat generation, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation on a double-diffusive MHD flow in this study. In this study, it was discovered that heat and mass transfer can be affected by nonlinear buoyancy significance. The flow direction was subjected to a uniform magnetic field. A set of partial differential equations governs the current design (PDEs). In order to simplify these equations, they are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In order to numerically solve the nonlinear ODEs, the spectral relaxation method (SRM) is utilized. In order to decouple and linearize the equation sets, the SRM employs the Gauss-Seidel relaxation method. Geothermal power generation and underground storage systems are just a few examples where this research could be put to use. When compared to previous findings, the current outcomes were discovered to be closely related. Owing to an increase in Lorentz force, the imposed magnetic field slows down fluid motion. Viscosity dissipation and heat generation all contribute to the formation of an ever-thicker thermal boundary layer. When the Cattaneo-Christov models are used, the thermal and concentration boundary layers get a lot thicker.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85408469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Baffle Height and Baffle Location on Heat Transfer and Flow Profiles in a Baffled Duct: A CFD Analysis","authors":"A. Boonloi, W. Jedsadaratanachai","doi":"10.1155/2022/3698887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3698887","url":null,"abstract":"CFD analysis of flow and heat transfer characteristics in a baffled duct is reported. The baffle locations (\u0000 \u0000 s\u0000 =\u0000 0.05\u0000 H\u0000 –\u0000 0.40\u0000 H\u0000 \u0000 ), flow paths (V-apex directing Downstream or VD and V-apex directing Upstream or VU), and baffle heights (\u0000 \u0000 b\u0000 =\u0000 0.05\u0000 H\u0000 –\u0000 0.30\u0000 H\u0000 \u0000 ) are investigated in the laminar flow regime with the Reynolds number based on the entry conditions between 100 and 2,000. Solutions of the present work are obtained by the finite volume method (a commercial code). Key mechanisms such as fluid streams, impinging streams, and disturbed thermal boundary layer in the baffled duct are observed. The baffle locations have high impact on flow and heat transfer behavior. The best heat transfer rate of the baffled duct is 15.55 times higher than that of the general duct with no baffle, while the optimum TEF is 4.06.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85346972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calequela J. T. Manuel, Max M. D. Santos, G. Lenzi, Â. Tusset
{"title":"Computational Validation of the Best Tuning Method for a Vehicle-Integrated PID Controller","authors":"Calequela J. T. Manuel, Max M. D. Santos, G. Lenzi, Â. Tusset","doi":"10.1155/2022/3873639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3873639","url":null,"abstract":"This paper validates and analyzes the robustness of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) action controller from an open transfer function that integrates a proportional-integral (PI) action controller to obtain the response of a robust action control during the automatic parking maneuver of a vehicle where the simulations are based on 3 adjustment methods: Ziegler-Nichols (ZN), Chien-Hrones-Reswick (CHR), and Cohen-Coon (CC), and as a result of the computer simulations, it is determined the best performance index of the PID controller represented by mathematical and graphic equations with the help of MATLAB/Simulink software.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77976620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanying Gan, Chuntong Liu, Zhen-xin He, Hongcai Li, Zhongye Liu
{"title":"Digital Camouflage Pattern Design Based on the Biased Random Walk","authors":"Yuanying Gan, Chuntong Liu, Zhen-xin He, Hongcai Li, Zhongye Liu","doi":"10.1155/2022/2986346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2986346","url":null,"abstract":"Digital camouflage is a common countermeasure against military reconnaissance. In the face of high-tech imaging reconnaissance, battlefield detection means tend to be automated and refined. In order to adapt to the concealment requirements under various environmental backgrounds, combined with the camouflage performance of digital camouflage and its feedback mechanism in camouflage pattern design, this paper proposed a digital camouflage pattern design method based on biased random walk. Firstly, the original background is preprocessed, and the background texture’s direction, corner, step length, and pixel intensity difference are statistically analyzed, and the boundary probability between pixel nodes is estimated. Then, a biased random walk is used to outline the camouflage patches. The edge scatter is enriched according to the density of the patches, and the camouflage patches are filled according to the proportion of the main color of the background. Finally, a digital camouflage pattern is obtained. The quantitative analysis results show that the mean heart rate of the digital camouflage pattern based on multiscene design is at least 31.0% higher than that of the original background segmentation texture, and the standard deviation index of equivalent diameter is increased by 14.9% on average. In addition, the results of simulation camouflage image detection in multiple scenes show that the proposed method can effectively deal with camouflage target detection on the basis of fully retaining the original background texture information and has strong camouflage concealment effect in the scene.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88678537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and Bayesian Analysis of Time between the Breakdown of Electric Feeders","authors":"Kahkashan Ateeq, Saima Altaf, Muhammad Aslam","doi":"10.1155/2022/5830945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5830945","url":null,"abstract":"The failure of electric feeders is a common problem in the summer season in Pakistan. In this article, one of the troubling aspects of the electric power system of Pakistan (Multan city) has been studied. The time lapses between the breakdown of electric feeders of the city have been modeled by suggesting an inverse Rayleigh-exponential distribution. The parameters of the distribution are estimated in both the frequentist and Bayesian paradigms. Since the Bayes estimators under informative priors are not attained in the closed form, this paper provides a comparative analysis of the Bayes estimators under Lindley and Tierney–Kadane approximation methods. The simulation study and the real-life data set assessed the validity of the model and the superiority of the Bayes estimators over the maximum likelihood estimators.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90898997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengfei Feng, Huiqing Jin, Linfeng Zhao, Mingyu Lu
{"title":"Active Lane-Changing Control of Intelligent Vehicle on Curved Section of Expressway","authors":"Pengfei Feng, Huiqing Jin, Linfeng Zhao, Mingyu Lu","doi":"10.1155/2022/9374118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9374118","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the intelligent vehicle lane-changing performance, an active lane-changing control algorithm is proposed considering the changes of road curvature and vehicle speed. Firstly, the vehicle dynamics model considering vehicle speed variation and lane-changing safety distance is established, and the expected lane-changing trajectory model under the curved road is designed simultaneously. Then, taking the yaw rate and longitudinal speed as the control objectives of lateral and longitudinal motions, respectively, the sliding-mode variable structure control method based on Lyapunov stability condition is adopted, and the trajectory tracking controller is designed by combining the inverted method to track the desired lane-changing trajectory. Finally, the lane-changing trajectory model and trajectory tracking controller are verified in simulation platform of CarSim/Simulink and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test bench. The results show that the proposed trajectory tracking control method can perform the lane-changing behavior well under different road curvatures and vehicle speeds while maintaining high trajectory tracking control accuracy.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81969910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of the Finite Element Method Using Cohesive Elements to Model the Effect of Temperature, Rock Mechanical Properties, Fluid Injection Rate, and Fluid Properties on the Development of Hydraulic Fracture Height","authors":"S. Pham, Ba Ngoc Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.1155/2022/7413457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7413457","url":null,"abstract":"Although hydraulic fracturing has been practiced all over the world, the research on how the fracture height develops in time and space still leaves some missing gaps. The fracture height has been considered in most cases equal to the pay zone thickness, and the influence of temperature in this process has been omitted. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to study the effect of temperature, rock mechanical properties, and fluid injection rate on the development of the fracture geometry, especially on the fracture height. A multiphysics model was implemented using cohesive elements in a finite element model generated with equations in fracture mechanics. Once the model was calibrated with experimental data, it was used to conduct sensitivity studies to reveal the influence of main contributed factors such as the properties of rocks and fluids used in hydraulic fracturing, the injection rate of fracturing liquid, and especially the influence of temperature because this last aspect was omitted in literature review from previous studies. The results indicated that the fracture height depended strongly on the rock properties, not only the rock in the pay zone but also the ones in the adjacent layers. Besides, the influence of the fluid injection rate on the fracturing height is so great that it overwhelms the influence of temperature and mechanical parameters. Moreover, the impact of the leak-off coefficient is much less remarkable than that of the fluid viscosity, which demonstrates why in reality it is important to control the viscosity to achieve desirable results. This study can be applied in real life problems to predict fracture’s geometry generated in well stimulations.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84849747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duc Ngoc Nguyen, N. Dang, Thi Thu Huong Tran, Thang Binh Hoang, T. Nguyen
{"title":"Effect of the Passive Stabilizer Bar on the Vehicle’s Stability","authors":"Duc Ngoc Nguyen, N. Dang, Thi Thu Huong Tran, Thang Binh Hoang, T. Nguyen","doi":"10.1155/2022/5523012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5523012","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of vehicle rollover usually occurs when the driver suddenly steers at high speed. The centrifugal force will appear and cause the vehicle’s body to tilt. To overcome this situation, the solution of using the stabilizer bar is proposed. The passive stabilizer bar has a simple structure, low cost, and long service life. As a result, it is now a standard on most vehicles. This paper has established a dynamic model to describe a vehicle’s oscillation. As a result of the study, the maximum roll angle of the vehicle was reduced from 9.0° to 8.2° when the stabilizer bar was used. Besides, the minimum value of the vertical force at the wheel reached 485(N) and 1162(N), respectively, corresponding to the two survey cases. The movement trajectory of the vehicle when using the stabilizer bar does not have a big difference compared to the case when the vehicle does not use the stabilizer bar. So, the vehicle’s stability and safety can be effectively improved. This is the basis for further developing complex stable bar patterns in the future.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89178427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of a Quantum Voting Scheme into Grayscale Images Using the Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation and Qiskit Framework","authors":"A. Tudorache, V. Manta, S. Caraiman","doi":"10.1155/2022/8128754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8128754","url":null,"abstract":"This paper illustrates the way a proposed quantum voting scheme can be designed in combination with a steganography technique called Least Significant Bit (LSB), by modifying a small number of pixels in multiple grayscale images. It combines the voting scheme with the novel enhanced quantum representation (NEQR) of an image, where the LSBs of these pixels represent the vote for each entity that takes part in the voting process. A server is also used, not only to count but also to guarantee the integrity of the votes (which is done inherently, by its design and quantum properties). The superdense coding circuit is part of the design, allowing each voter to use one qubit in order to transmit two classical bits (the vote value). The selected platform for testing this scheme is IBM Quantum Experience, together with the open-source framework called Qiskit (written in Python). This framework allows users to create various quantum circuits, using a wide selection of quantum gates, and then to simulate them, either on a simulator or on a real quantum device. The quantum circuits and the measurement results are also presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85156253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashutosh Sharma, Akash Saxena, S. K. Dinkar, Rajesh Kumar, A. Al‐Sumaiti
{"title":"Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using the Laplacian Harris Hawk Optimization (LHHO) Algorithm","authors":"Ashutosh Sharma, Akash Saxena, S. K. Dinkar, Rajesh Kumar, A. Al‐Sumaiti","doi":"10.1155/2022/6766045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6766045","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous power consumption from standard fuel resources is responsible for producing large-scale environmental greenhouse gases. Production of biodiesel fuels from the vegetable oils can be considered an alternative source. Effect of greenhouse gases can also be diminished. The production of biodiesel is done by a chemical process namely transesterification and usually maximized by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) tool. This paper presents a new approach to optimize the production of biodiesel by introducing a new variant of recently published metaheuristic Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO). The developed variant is based on the replacement of random numbers of normal distribution at the initialization phase by the random numbers generated from the Laplacian distribution. The proposed variant is named as the Laplacian Harris Hawk Optimization (LHHO) algorithm. The contribution of this paper is in twofold: firstly the performance of the proposed algorithm is verified over a well-known set of benchmark functions, and then, we applied the LHHO to maximize biodiesel production. Comparison of LHHO is carried out with five other recent metaheuristic algorithms. An optimization routine is formulated in the form of a single-objective function with a temperature, methanol to oil ratio, and catalyst concentration as the optimization variables. These parameters are optimized to maximize the production of biodiesel. The results obtained using the proposed LHHO show significant improvement as compared to other algorithms.","PeriodicalId":45541,"journal":{"name":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82963275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}