JMIR Cancer最新文献

{"title":"The Burden of Cancer and Precancerous Conditions Among Transgender Individuals in a Large Health Care Network: Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Shuang Yang, Yongqiu Li, Christopher W Wheldon, Jessica Y Islam, Mattia Prosperi, Thomas J George, Elizabeth A Shenkman, Fei Wang, Jiang Bian, Yi Guo","doi":"10.2196/73843","DOIUrl":"10.2196/73843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disparities in cancer burden between transgender and cisgender individuals remain an underexplored area of research.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the cumulative incidence and associated risk factors for cancer and precancerous conditions among transgender individuals compared with matched cisgender individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using patient-level electronic health record (EHR) data from the University of Florida Health Integrated Data Repository between 2012 and 2023. Transgender individuals were identified using a validated, computable phenotype algorithm that used structured data and clinical notes. They matched 1:10:10 by age and calendar year of index date with cisgender women and cisgender men. The index date was the first transgender-related record for transgender individuals and a matched diagnosis date for cisgender controls. Primary outcomes included new-onset cancers associated with human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, tobacco, alcohol, lung, breast, and colorectal sites. Secondary outcomes were precancerous conditions related to the same cancer types. We calculated cumulative incidence rates and conducted time-to-event analyses using the Fine-Gray method, treating all-cause death as a competing risk, to assess associations between gender identity and the presence of cancer or precancer, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates. Interaction analyses evaluated if associations between cancer risk factors and precancer differed by gender identity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 2745 transgender individuals (mean age at index date 25.1, SD 14.0 years) and matched them with 27,450 cisgender women and 27,450 cisgender men from the same health care system. The cumulative incidence of cancer did not differ significantly between transgender and cisgender cohorts (transgender n=28, 1.0% vs cisgender women, n=358, 1.3%; P=.13 and cisgender men, n=314, 1.1%; P=.64). However, transgender individuals exhibited significantly higher risks for precancerous conditions compared to cisgender women (subdistribution hazard ratios [sHRs] 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.3) and cisgender men (sHR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.5). Specifically, transgender individuals were more likely to develop colorectal precancer (sHR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1-1.4) compared to cisgender women, as well as human papillomavirus-related precancer (sHR 1.8; 95% CI 1.4-2.3) and colorectal precancer (sHR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2-1.6) compared to cisgender men. Subgroup analyses showed similar patterns in both female-to-male and male-to-female individuals compared with their matched cisgender counterparts. Interaction analyses revealed stronger protective effects of private insurance or Medicare against precancers in transgender individuals than in cisgender peers, while being non-Hispanic Black or having substantial comorbidities were stronger risk factors among trans","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e73843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: \"Designing Positive Psychology Interventions for Social Media: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Experiment With Young Adults With Cancer\".","authors":"","doi":"10.2196/82724","DOIUrl":"10.2196/82724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e82724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and Future Trends of Gastric Cancer in 5 East Asian Countries From 1990 to 2036: Epidemiological Study Analysis Using the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021.","authors":"Tianhao Guo, Tingting Zhou, Wenjie Zhu, Yumo Yuan, Yifan Hui, Wenjian Zhu, Weixing Shen, Liu Li, Wei Wei, Haibo Cheng, Xiaoyu Wu","doi":"10.2196/74389","DOIUrl":"10.2196/74389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective prevention and treatment are urgently needed, since gastric cancer (GC) poses a grave threat to the health and well-being of patients. The 5 East Asian countries (China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Mongolia) represent one of the most significant regions globally in terms of GC burden.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study is to examine the patterns and trends of GC across 5 East Asian countries between 1990 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 regarding the prevalence, incidence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with GC in 5 East Asian countries from 1990 to 2021. We further assessed the burden of GC according to age and sex. We used decomposition analysis to examine the changes in the number of new cases, patients, and deaths related to GC. We also used Joinpoint (Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 5.1.0) and age-period-cohort analysis methods to interpret the epidemiological characteristics of GC. Autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) and Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) prediction models were used to forecast the GC burden by 2036.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 5 East Asian countries, China recorded the highest incidence, prevalence, death, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in both 1990 and 2021. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized rates for prevalence, mortality, incidence, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs across the 5 East Asian countries showed an overall decline, though they remained higher than the global average. In all 5 East Asian countries, individuals aged 65 years and older consistently exhibited the highest rates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs. The prevalence rate in South Korea, the incidence rate in North Korea and Mongolia, and the mortality rate in China are influenced by aging, surpassing the global aging average.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The disease burden of GC in the 5 East Asian countries has consistently ranked high over the past 3 decades, particularly among the older individuals. The burden of GC in the 5 East Asian countries is expected to present a major public health challenge, primarily driven by the large population size and the aging demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e74389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein-Tumor Size Ratio as a Prognostic Marker After Hepatic Resection for Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Shutian Mo, Yongfei He, Tianyi Liang, Guangzhi Zhu, Hao Su, Chuangye Han, Tao Peng","doi":"10.2196/64929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/64929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibit a high rate of recurrence and poor prognosis after surgery, and effective prognostic indicators and stratification strategies are currently lacking. Hence, this study proposes new prognostic markers to provide a theoretical basis for patients with HCC.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to build and evaluate a model estimating the effect of alpha-fetoprotein-tumor size ratio (ATR) on the prognosis of patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed hospital records to identify patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2013 to December 2018. Outcomes (recurrence events and mortality) not available in the outpatient medical records were determined through telephone interviews until February 2022. The optimal cutoff value was determined using X-tile (Yale School of Medicine). Independent risk factors for prognosis were investigated by Cox regression modeling, and between-group differences were reduced through propensity score matching. A predictive model for HCC prognosis was constructed using a nomogram, and the predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the C-index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1628 eligible patients, 1204 patients were included in the analysis. Patients were stratified into low, medium, and high ATR groups with X-tile. Before propensity score matching, ATR was identified as an independent risk factor for overall survival (low vs medium: HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.03-1.94; P=.03; medium versus high: HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.02-2.47; P=.04) and relapse-free survival (low vs medium: HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.70; P=.03; medium versus high: HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.40-3.15; P<.001) of patients with HCC following hepatectomy. A nomogram incorporating ATR, China Clinic Liver Cancer staging, bleeding, and postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was developed to predict moderate predictive efficacy for overall survival (C-index: 0.73) and relapse-free survival (C-index: 0.73). ATR was found to be associated with microvascular, macroinvasion, and poor tumor differentiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ATR is an independent prognostic risk factor in patients with HCC after hepatectomy and is associated with microvascular, macroinvasion, and poor tumor differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e64929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Care Coordination and Patient Satisfaction With Ambulatory Cancer Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Manitoba, Canada: Report of An Online Survey Study of Patient-Reported Experience Measures With Interpretation Guided by Fit Theory.","authors":"Maclean Thiessen, Andrea Soriano, Jason Park, Kathleen Decker","doi":"10.2196/58999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/58999","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In Manitoba, Canada, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care delivery included, but was not limited to, disruption of many routine health care services, and the rapid introduction of both social distancing and virtual care. Little was known about how COVID-19-related changes to cancer care delivery would impact patient satisfaction with care and care coordination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This report aims to present and interpret findings of an online survey of people with oncology-related conditions in Manitoba, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic, exploring patient satisfaction and care coordination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A link to an online survey was made available to patients receiving cancer treatment in Manitoba, Canada, between July 31, 2020, and February 28, 2022. The survey included validated patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) for patient satisfaction and care coordination. Analysis included the generation of descriptive statistics and logistic regression, including univariate and multivariate analysis using stepwise model building. The survey results were interpreted using fit theory as a theoretical lens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 203 responses were collected, of which 154 had completed responses for all PREM measures and were included in the analysis. Response rate is estimated at 3.3%-2.0%. The average age was 65 (SD 11.7) years. Most respondents were male (n=79, 52.7%). Most respondents were being treated with curative intent (n=81, 53.6%). The most common type of cancer was breast (n=41, 26.6%). Univariate analysis demonstrated that ages 60-69 years were associated with above average patient satisfaction (OR 2.205, 95% CI 1.045-4.624; P=.04). Age &lt;60 years (OR 0.437, 95% CI 0.204-0.934; P=.03) and European Cooperative Group functional status (ECOG) ≥2 (OR 0.327, 95% CI 0.137-0.782; P=.01) were associated with below average patient satisfaction. Age &lt;60 years, ECOG ≥2, and hematological cancer were selected through stepwise multivariate model building, resulting in an explanatory model (R2=0.129) of patient satisfaction. ECOG ≥2 was associated with below-average care coordination (OR 0.357, 95% CI 0.145-0.880; P=.03), and was the only identified predictor of care coordination, with no explanatory multivariate model generated. Fit theory supports that the level of patient satisfaction and care coordination in each population subset inversely reflects a relative level of unmet supportive care need.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Survey respondents with poor functional status, those outside the 60-69 years age range, and those with nonhematological malignancies likely experience increased unmet supportive care needs compared with their counterparts. Further research is needed to determine whether these findings reflect transient phenomena related to the COVID-19 pandemic, selection biases associated with the survey method used, or underlying","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e58999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Care: Scoping Review.","authors":"Daniel Hilbers, Navid Nekain, Alan Bates, John-Jose Nunez","doi":"10.2196/74010","DOIUrl":"10.2196/74010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence is reshaping cancer care, but little is known about how people with cancer perceive its integration into their care. Understanding these perspectives is essential to ensuring artificial intelligence adoption aligns with patient needs and preferences while supporting a patient-centered approach.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to synthesize existing literature on patient attitudes toward artificial intelligence in cancer care and identify knowledge gaps that can inform future research and clinical implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched for peer-reviewed primary research studies published until February 1, 2025. The Population-Concept-Context framework guided study selection, focusing on adult patients with cancer and their attitudes toward artificial intelligence. Studies with quantitative or qualitative data were included. Two independent reviewers screened studies, with a third resolving disagreements. Data were synthesized into tabular and narrative summaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded 1240 citations, of which 19 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing 2114 patients with cancer across 15 countries. Most studies used quantitative methods (9/19, 47%) such as questionnaires or surveys. The most studied cancers were melanoma (375/2114, 17.7%), prostate (n=323, 15.3%), breast (n=263, 12.4%), and colorectal cancer (n=251, 11.9%). Although patients with cancer generally supported artificial intelligence when used as a physician-guided tool (9/19, 47%), concerns about depersonalization, treatment bias, and data security highlighted challenges in implementation. Trust in artificial intelligence (10/19, 53%) was shaped by physician endorsement and patient familiarity, with greater trust when artificial intelligence was physician-guided. Geographic differences were observed, with greater artificial intelligence acceptance in Asia, while skepticism was more prevalent in North America and Europe. Additionally, patients with metastatic cancer (99/2114, 5%) were underrepresented, limiting insights into artificial intelligence perceptions in this population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review provides the first synthesis of patient attitudes toward artificial intelligence across all cancer types and highlights concerns unique to patients with cancer. Clinicians can use these findings to enhance patient acceptance of artificial intelligence by positioning it as a physician-guided tool and ensuring its integration aligns with patient values and expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e74010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12373359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Costs of Surveillance of Early-Stage Breast Cancer by Digital or Traditional Follow-Up Methods: Randomized Crossover Study.","authors":"Maria Peltola, Carl Blomqvist, Niilo Färkkilä, Paula Poikonen-Saksela, Johanna Mattson","doi":"10.2196/58113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/58113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An increasing number of early-stage breast cancer (EBC) survivors and limited health care resources have raised interest in developing digital methods for communication between patients and health care personnel. In 2015, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS) Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) launched a digital solution called Noona (Helsinki University Hospital; Noona Healthcare) for patients with cancer, which allows patients to report their symptoms or side effects and ask questions with a computer or smart mobile device.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we compare the cost and contacts of surveillance of EBC by 2 follow-up methods: digital solution and phone calls during their first year of follow-up outside preplanned visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, open-label, randomized crossover study. After postoperative radiotherapy, patients with EBC were randomized to surveillance with either a digital solution or phone calls in addition to routine follow-up visits. After 6 months, the patient switched to the alternative follow-up method. All patients were thus exposed to both follow-up methods, and the order was determined by randomization. Hospital contacts and the costs of specialized health care were extracted from the Ecomed database of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District. The Ecomed database records all hospital costs. The costs of follow-up visits and diagnostics at the HUS CCC were analyzed in a repeated measurements general linear model analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study extended from July 2015 to January 2017. Of 765 patients, 734 were included in the final analyses. For the digital solution group, the mean number of contacts per patient was 1.06 (SD 1.57) during the first 6-month period and 1.22 (SD 1.04) in the second period, with associated costs of €269 (US $313.21) and €311 (US $362.11). Similarly, in the phone call group, the mean number of contacts increased from 0.95 (SD 1.39) to 1.24 (SD 1.14) with the costs of €236 (US $274.78) and €344 (US $400.53), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of outpatient contacts (P=.46 and P=.35) or total costs (P=.80 and P=.12) between the 2 follow-up methods or randomization groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We did not find any statistically significant differences in the total cost of follow-up of EBC by digital solution or phone calls. The number of visits and costs were higher during the latter follow-up period, probably due to the scheduled routine 1-year visit. There were more visits and higher costs in the digital solution group during the first 6 months, but these were higher in the phone call group during the latter 6-month period. This shows that the digital solution may enable faster access to outpatient services than conventional follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e58113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information Needs of Patients With Head and Neck Cancer and Their Supports in Relation to Treatment Management Choices: Scoping Review.","authors":"Eleah Stringer, Lily Hallett Rio, Lorraine Leitz, Eitan Prisman, Elizabeth Borycki, Andre Kushniruk, Jonathan Livergant, Sally Smith","doi":"10.2196/64108","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64108","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Advances in research and modes of information delivery provide new opportunities to access medical information. Despite this, patient information needs on head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment are not sufficiently met.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim is to investigate (1) information content required for patients with HNC and their caregivers to support confident decisions about their treatment, (2) information needs by role (eg, patient and caregiver), and (3) the preferred format or mode of information delivery. Results will be used to inform the development and testing of a decision aid for this patient population.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al frameworks. The search was carried out in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and limited to the English language between 2012 and the search date of September 20, 2022. Studies were dual-screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, central to which was a focus on information needs within the context of decision-making. Data were extracted from the articles using prespecified criteria into a data extraction sheet that was pilot-tested and refined prior to its application. Reporting followed the research questions and was guided by PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 10,495 publications were identified, with 30 articles suitable for data extraction. High information needs included details of the diagnosis (3/30, 10%), purpose (6/30, 20%), and risks (10/30, 33%) of medical procedures; strategies for eating and speaking during and after treatment (6/30, 20%); lifestyle guidelines for survivorship (4/30, 13%); and facts about the human papillomavirus (2/30, 7%). Moderate information needs included the physical (10/30, 33%) and psychological (17/30, 57%) domains of posttreatment, treatment options (6/30, 20%), strategies to improve communication with health care providers (8/30, 27%), and nutrition (8/30, 27%). Information needs of patients with HNC and their caregivers evolved through the phases of treatment, highlighting the need for relevant information to support collaborative decision-making with their health care providers. Caregiver needs were underrepresented (5/30, 17%), but more information on stress reduction strategies for the patient, how to play a role in treatment decisions, and where to obtain the best medical care for the patient was identified. The preferred mode of delivery for information varied and reflected the age, gender, and country of the sample populations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Information needs of patients with HNC and their caregivers are not being met to a satisfactory level, evidenced by the breadth of outstanding needs. Health care providers must consider evolving patient and caregiv","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e64108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Clinical Practice Guidelines to Prevent Cervical Cancer: Mixed Methods Study.","authors":"Oliver C Ezechi, Folahanmi T Akinsolu, Olunike R Abodunrin, Oluwabukola M Ola, Chisom Obi-Jeff, Ishak K Lawal, George U Eleje, Joseph D Tucker, Juliet I Iwelunmor","doi":"10.2196/68572","DOIUrl":"10.2196/68572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is a common cause of death among women globally, particularly in Africa. Each year, an average of 7093 women in Nigeria die from cervical cancer. Clinical practice guidelines developed by the Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Nigeria (SOGON) aim to prevent cervical cancer. However, the extent of their adoption among gynecologists remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess Nigerian gynecologists' awareness, understanding, and incorporation of the SOGON clinical practice guidelines for cervical cancer prevention in their clinical practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used. Quantitative data were collected via a web-based and in-person survey distributed to gynecologists attending the 57th SOGON Annual General Meeting in Kano, Nigeria (November 2023). A total of 105 gynecologists completed the survey (response rate: 80%). Key informant interviews (n=12) were conducted to provide qualitative insights. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including logistic regression (P<.05). Thematic analysis was applied to qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 105 respondents (mean age 50, SD 8.3 y and mean postresidency practice 12, SD 9.4 y), 98 (93.3%) reported awareness of the SOGON guidelines, and 74 (70.5%) endorsed their importance for cervical cancer prevention. However, only 58.1% (61/105) of the respondents reported integrating the guidelines into routine clinical practice. Barriers to implementation included limited training (71/105, 67.6%), resource constraints (64/105, 60.9%), and lack of institutional support (57/105, 54.3%). Qualitative data reinforced the need for more tailored guidelines for high-risk populations and rural settings. In addition, 70.5% (74/105) of the respondents advocated for a participatory guideline review process to ensure relevance and feasibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While awareness of the SOGON guidelines is high, their integration into clinical practice remains suboptimal due to systemic barriers. Strengthening training programs, improving access to resources, and enhancing institutional support are critical to increasing guideline adoption and advancing cervical cancer prevention efforts in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e68572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward an Understanding of the Lack of Transmission of Facts About Human Papillomavirus: Qualitative Case Study.","authors":"Hind Bitar, Sarah Alismail","doi":"10.2196/64183","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer, a largely preventable disease. Although extensive information about HPV is available and could help women prevent infection, a widespread lack of knowledge transmission hinders many women in Saudi Arabia from taking necessary preventive steps. Previous studies have reported low levels of HPV awareness among women in Saudi Arabia, highlighting the importance of understanding the barriers to effective information dissemination. Identifying the factors that influence the transmission of HPV-related knowledge is essential for designing targeted and impactful public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the factors that either block or facilitate the transmission of HPV-related facts among women in Saudi Arabia, using the HPV facts transmission model as a theoretical framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative case study design was used, involving semistructured interviews with 20 women in Saudi Arabia aged 23 to 42 years. Participants were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. The data were analyzed using pattern matching to assess how participant responses aligned with 11 predefined propositions from the HPV facts transmission model, which integrates individual and social influences on health information-seeking behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 11 propositions, 8 (73%) were supported by the data. Five were individual-level factors (personal need to learn, stigma, language barriers, technology use, and individual qualities), while 3 were social-level factors (social promotion, social support, and cultural norms). These factors were classified as barriers, resources, or both, depending on their influence on women's intention to seek HPV-related knowledge. For instance, personal motivation, curiosity, and digital access facilitated knowledge acquisition, while stigma, limited Arabic-language resources, and conservative social norms served as major deterrents. Three propositions (social structure, suppression structure, and interaction or collaboration) did not align with participant experiences and were excluded from the final model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding these barriers and resources is essential for developing targeted interventions to improve HPV knowledge dissemination. Strategies should include culturally appropriate awareness campaigns, accessible Arabic-language educational materials, and the integration of digital tools to encourage confidential learning. Addressing stigma through community engagement and structured education programs can further enhance HPV fact transmission, ultimately supporting informed decision-making and preventive health behaviors among women in Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":45538,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Cancer","volume":"11 ","pages":"e64183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}