Journal of Medical Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Detecting Advanced Esophageal Cancer by Point of Care Ultrasonography.","authors":"Chia-Ching Chen","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_26_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophageal cancer (EC) is the 8^th-most common cancer and the 6^th-most common cause of death worldwide in 2020. Patients with EC might present with a variety of symptoms, such as chest tightness, retrosternal pain, acid regurgitation, heartburn sensation, dyspnea, cough, recurrent pneumonia, hoarseness, dysphagia, and weight loss, which make early diagnosing EC extremely difficult. Currently, the golden diagnostic tool of EC remains endoscopic biopsy. However, in patient suspected advanced EC, point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) could be a first-line screening tool. By three zones of esophageal sonography including esophageal inlet, middle third segment of esophagus just beneath the cardiac chambers, and esophagogastric junction, we could be able to detect sonographic evidence of advanced EC including heterogeneous hyperechoic esophageal mass, loss of normal wall differentiation, and mass effect to adjacent structure such as left atrium. For patients with chest pain, POCUS should be focused on cardiac, adjust mediastinum and lung survey. Here, we present a 73-year-old male presented to the emergency department with retrosternal chest pain for 3 months. POCUS revealed esophageal mass which is also proved by computer tomography and endoscopic biopsy on the same day.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound in Female Urinary Incontinence.","authors":"Jenn-Ming Yang, Wen-Chen Huang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_25_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_25_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health condition that may interfere with the quality of life. A comprehensive evaluation of female UI helps with effective and safe treatments. Ultrasound has gained popularity to explore UI recently because it can collect crucial information for treatment planning and counseling. Translabial and introital approaches are commonly and reliably applied to ultrasound. The images can be obtained using two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasounds. Ultrasound is the only modality capable of confirming the presence or absence of a mid-urethral sling (MUS) and is able to demonstrate bulking agents as well. Although some of the ultrasound findings may only be incidental or supplementary to the patient's symptoms, ultrasound benefits for investigating the pathophysiology of UI and surgical outcomes of MUS procedures. It is anticipated that standardization in terminology, measurement techniques, and reporting can be established in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations.","authors":"Martina Bartolone, Enrica Saluzzi, Allegra Mazzeo, Valentina D'Ambrosio, Sara Corno, Daniele Di Mascio, Lucia Manganaro, Antonella Giancotti","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_103_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_103_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are an abnormal presence of shunts between myometrial arteries and veins within the myometrium that usually occurs after a traumatic event on the uterus and it is often diagnosed after a miscarriage. In this case report, we propone the case of a woman, gravida 3 para 2, admitted at the emergency department presenting deep vaginal bleeding and suspicion of incomplete miscarriage at 11 weeks of pregnancy. The suspect of AVM was made with noninvasive procedure; transvaginal ultrasound examination with the advantage of color Doppler showed a myometrial hypervascular lesion of the posterior wall. Pulsed Doppler permitted the waveform analysis of uterine arteries and three-dimensional sonography with color Doppler and reconstructions clearly showed dilated ad tortuous blood vessels within the contest of the myometrium. Magnetic resonance angiography showed multiple tubular structures with tortuous appearance that confirmed the suspicion of AVM. Uterine artery embolization was performed of the right uterine artery. One month after uterine embolization, the ultrasound control confirmed the complete resolution of the AVM.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Tibial Nerve Ultrasound Assessment of Peripheral Neuropathy in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Latifat Tunrayo Oduola-Owoo, Adekunle Ayokunle Adeyomoye, Olubukola Abeni Omidiji, Bukunmi Michael Idowu, Badmus Babatunde Oduola-Owoo, Ifedayo Adeola Odeniyi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early detection and prompt institution of appropriate therapy could prevent undesirable outcomes such as paresthesia, pain, and amputation. Although the gold standard for diagnosing DPN is nerve conduction studies, high-resolution peripheral nerve ultrasonography may serve as a noninvasive and low-cost alternative for diagnosing and staging DPN. This study investigated the clinical utility of sonographic posterior tibial nerve cross-sectional area (PTN CSA) for diagnosing DPN in individuals with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty consecutive adults with T2DM and 80 age-/sex-matched controls were recruited. Clinical information was obtained, including symptoms, disease duration, Toronto clinical neuropathy score (TCNS), and biochemical parameters. The left PTN CSA at 1 cm, 3 cm, and 5 cm above the medial malleolus (MM) was measured with a high-frequency ultrasound transducer and compared to the detection of DPN using the TCNS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the TCNS, 58 (72.5%) of the T2DM group had DPN. Of these, 14 (24.1%), 16 (27.6%), and 28 (48.3%) participants had mild, moderate, and severe DPN, respectively. All the mean PTN CSA (aggregate, 1 cm, 3 cm, and 5 cm above MM) of the participants with T2DM and DPN (T2DM-DPN) were significantly higher than those of T2DM without DPN (WDPN) and controls. All the PTN CSA increased significantly with increasing severity of DPN. The PTN CSA at 3 and 5 cm levels correlated weakly but significantly with fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PTN CSA is significantly larger in T2DM-DPN than in T2DM-WDPN and healthy controls. PTN ultrasonography can be an additional tool for screening DPN in patients with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Ultrasonic Heating through Skull Phantom Using Single-element Transducer.","authors":"Anastasia Antoniou, Christakis Damianou","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noninvasive neurosurgery has become possible through the use of transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS). This study assessed the heating ability of single element spherically focused transducers operating at 0.4 and 1.1 MHz through three-dimensional (3D) printed thermoplastic skull phantoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phantoms with precise skull bone geometry of a male patient were 3D printed using common thermoplastic materials following segmentation on a computed tomography head scan image. The brain tissue was mimicked by an agar-based gel phantom developed in-house. The selection of phantom materials was mainly based on transmission-through attenuation measurements. Phantom sonications were performed through water, and then, with the skull phantoms intervening the beam path. In each case, thermometry was performed at the focal spot using thermocouples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The focal temperature change in the presence of the skull phantoms was reduced to less than 20 % of that recorded in free field when using the 0.4 MHz transducer, whereas the 1.1 MHz trans-skull sonication produced minimal or no change in focal temperature. The 0.4 MHz transducer showed better performance in trans-skull transmission but still not efficient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The inability of both tested single element transducers to steer the beam through the high attenuating skull phantoms and raise the temperature at the focus was confirmed, underlying the necessity to use a correction technique to compensate for energy losses, such those provided by phased arrays. The proposed phantom could be used as a cost-effective and ergonomic tool for trans-skull FUS preclinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landmark-guided versus Real-time Ultrasound-guided Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia Techniques: Paramedian Sagittal Oblique and Transverse Interlaminar Approach.","authors":"Korgün Ökmen, Durdu Kahraman Yıldız","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_22_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are different types of real-time ultrasound (US)-guided combined spinal epidural (CSE) anesthesia techniques. We aimed to investigate the effect of real-time US-guided paramedian sagittal oblique (PSO), transverse interlaminar (TI) approach method, and landmark-guided (LG) CSE anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety patients who underwent CSE block were included in the study. Patients were randomized into LG (<i>n</i> = 30), PSO (<i>n</i> = 30), and TI (<i>n</i> = 30) groups. The primary outcome was number of needle manipulations. The secondary outcomes are the number of attempts, needle visibility, procedure time, procedure success rate, catheter placement difficulty, posterior complex distance, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of needle manipulations was statistically significantly lower in the LG technique group (<i>P</i> < 0.000). When the number of attempts, the difficulty of catheter placement, and the procedure's success rate were compared between the three groups, we did not find a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> > 0.05). In addition, when the procedure times were compared, the time measured for the LG group was statistically significantly lower than in the PSO and TI groups (<i>P</i> < 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the results of this study, the real-time US-guided CSE anesthesia application had a similar success and complication level with LG technique. The LG method had a shorter processing time and fewer needle manipulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine Artery Pseudoaneurysm after Total Abdominal Hysterectomy Managed by Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Glue Injection.","authors":"Yangala Sudha Devi, Ranjan Kumar Patel, Tara Prasad Tripathy, Saubhagya Jena","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_31_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_31_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) following abdominal hysterectomy is an uncommon complication. However, it can cause life-threatening bleeding, necessitating early diagnosis and intervention. Imaging is vital in its prompt diagnosis and aids in planning interventions. Here, we describe a case of recurrent massive per-vaginal bleeding from a left UAP developed following total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Bleeding was successfully managed with percutaneous ultrasound-guided glue (N-butyl cyanoacrylate) injection into the aneurysmal sac. The patient is doing well without any recurrent bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal Gestational Age Estimation Using Ultrasonic Transverse Cerebellar Diameter in a Sub-Saharan African Population.","authors":"Akeem Olajide Adelabu, Temitope Olugbenga Bello, Bukunmi Michael Idowu, Victor Olufemi Oyedepo","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_116_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_116_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore the relationship between fetal Transverse Cerebellar Diameter (TCD) and menstrual gestational age (GA) and to generate normative references (nomogram) of the fetal TCD in some pregnant women in Southwest Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred pregnant women with a singleton fetus between 14 and 38 weeks GA were enrolled. The TCD and other biometric parameters (biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length) as well as the cerebellar appearance were analyzed and correlated with the GA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean TCD increased from 13.3 ± 0.3 mm at 14 weeks to 52.3 ± 3.3 mm at 38 weeks of pregnancy. A strong positive correlation was observed between TCD and GA, which was best represented by a linear regression equation: Predicted GA = 0.557 × TCD + 8.840. The regression analysis indicated a statistically significant strong positive relationship between TCD and GA (<i>r</i> = 0.972 and <i>P</i> < 0.001). The cerebellar appearance based on shape and echogenicity was graded into Grade I: 230 fetuses (57.5%); Grade II: 74 fetuses (18.5%) and Grade III: 96 fetuses (24.0%). Median GA and TCD were 21 weeks and 21.2 mm for Grade I; 29 weeks and 35.5 mm for Grade II; and 35 weeks and 48.1 mm for Grade III, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TCD increased in a linear fashion with advancing GA in the evaluated fetuses. The TCD is, therefore, a good marker for GA estimation. There is a gradual ultrasonographic change in fetal cerebellar appearance with advancing gestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold Abscess of Bilateral Parotids: Delusion or Reality?","authors":"Chaitra Udagi, Pooja Jaisinghani, Rasika Waghmare, Tushar Patil","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_108_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_108_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis being endemic in country like India can affect any organ though pulmonary tuberculosis is rampant and extrapulmonary is rare. Tuberculosis affecting parotid gland is a rare occurrence, usually unilateral. However, Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing cold abscess in bilateral parotid glands is even rarer. Here, we present a case of a young female presented with bilateral slow-growing swelling in the parotid region with evening raise of temperature for two months. On clinical examination, no signs of inflammation were seen. Ultrasonography showed thick-walled hypoechoic collection with septae and internal echoes within involving both superficial and deep lobes of the parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) suggested a caseating granuloma and acid fast bacilli were detected on ZN staining, thereby confirming the diagnosis of cold abscess. She was put on antitubercular drugs and there was a drastic reduction in the size of swelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Paraneural Sciatic Sheaths in Longitudinal Axis at the Level of Greater Trochanter: An Ultrasound Cadaveric and Clinical Correlation Study.","authors":"Sandeep Diwan, Georg Feigl, Abhijit Nair, Parag Sancheti","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_121_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_121_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paraneural sheath engulfing the sciatic nerve (SN) between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter is well known.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to explore the anatomical planes separating the paraneurium from the epineurium in SN, we conducted a cadaveric study (two patients and four specimens), followed by a clinical study in 10 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated an elevation of 5-7 layers of paraneural tissues after an in-plane injection in the longitudinal axis of the proximal SN, which was possibly the last of the paraneural sheath. In the clinical study, the block provided low pain scores with no rescue analgesia postoperatively and no neurological deficit at the time of discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is probably the first series which has described the elevation of several layers of paraneural tissues after an in-plane injection in the longitudinal axis of the proximal SN.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}