Journal of Medical Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Vein of Galen Malformation Detected by Newborn Cranial Ultrasound Screen with Conservative Following Up: Case Report.","authors":"Chia-Jou Lin, Nan-Chang Chiu, Chun-Chao Huang, Che-Sheng Ho","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_7_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_7_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vein of Galen malformation (VoGM) is a rare type of arteriovenous fistula, and its symptoms can range from being asymptomatic to causing life-threatening heart failure. In this case report, we present a 1-month-old infant with the mural type of VoGM, which was identified through newborn screening sonography. Subsequent 1-year follow-up findings with cranial ultrasound are also discussed. Doppler cranial ultrasound proves advantageous for the convenient monitoring of this medically stable infant with VoGM.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"174-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Insights into Abdominal Cystic Lesions: A Spotlight on Differential Diagnoses and Prognosis through a Case Report.","authors":"Maria J Gonzalez-Moneo, Miguel Corisco, Rocío Olivera, Pablo Salgado","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_137_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_137_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article emphasizes the importance of accurate differential diagnosis in managing abdominal cystic lesions and it highlights the important role of primary care physicians in utilizing imaging tools, especially ultrasound, for accurate screening diagnoses. Various potential diagnoses for abdominal cystic lesions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"165-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Gut Point\": POCUS Leading to the Detection of Postoperative Intestinal Fistula.","authors":"Carlos Augusto Metidieri Menegozzo, Roberto Rasslan, Sérgio Henrique Bastos Damous, Edivaldo Massazo Utiyama","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_129_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_129_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative intestinal fistulae is one of the most feared complications. Despite its downsides, computerized tomography is the most widely used radiological exam to evaluate postoperative intestinal complications. Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is a bedside tool that can sometimes expedite diagnosis and treatment, avoiding the potential downsides of a CT scan. We describe a case in which the use of POCUS yielded prompt identification of relevant signs in a patient suspected of having an intestinal fistula. We discuss the sonographic findings and the benefit of expediting definitive treatment, thus potentially lowering the morbidity of the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 3","pages":"266-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Ultrasound Guided Sclerotherapy Technique for the Management of a Microcystic Warthin's Tumor.","authors":"Tatiana Ferraro, Sophia Song, Punam Thakkar, Arjun Joshi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_9_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_9_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasonographic descriptions of Warthin's tumor (WT) vary from a predominately macrocystic appearance (anechoic with internal septations) to microcystic (multiple, diffuse, 1-2 mm anechoic areas). While the current first-line treatment for WTs is surgical excision, ultrasound-guided ethanol sclerotherapy (UGES) demonstrates success in macrocystic WTs, with aspiration of the cystic contents followed by injection of the sclerosing agent. Typically, microcystic tumors are thought to be unresponsive to sclerotherapy. In this case, we report the first application of ethanol sclerotherapy without ultrasound-guided aspiration for the treatment of a microcystic WT. The patient presented with a 2.0 cm × 1.97 cm × 3.05 cm right parotid mass of 9 years' duration. UGES was performed in clinic under local anesthesia through injection of 97% ethanol in the three separate components of the target lesion. Six months postprocedure, ultrasound evaluation demonstrated a volume reduction rate of 78.53%. The patient reported significant cosmetic improvement and no observed complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 3","pages":"275-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hiatal Hernia-induced Dyspnea in a Patient with Ascites: Leveraging Point-of-care Ultrasound for Accurate Diagnosis.","authors":"Jéssica Sobreiros Krowicki, Sofia Moura de Azevedo, Rodrigo Duarte, José Mariz","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_106_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_106_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A hiatal hernia (HH) is characterized by the protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal viscera into the mediastinum. The mechanism of increased intra-abdominal pressure is typically associated with this condition. When there are additional contributing factors causing increased abdominal pressure, like ascites resulting from chronic liver disease, it can exacerbate HH symptoms, including dyspnea. The incorporation of point-of-care ultrasonography as an integral component of physical examination enables a precise and objective assessment of dyspnea offering physicians additional clues regarding the underlying etiology. We present a case of a patient who was admitted to the emergency department due to dyspnea and ascites. Through the utilization of point-of-care ultrasound, the diagnosis of an HH was made, identifying it as one of the factors contributing to the patient's shortness of breath.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"162-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle Ultrasound Radiomics and Machine Learning for the Earlier Detection of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Sameed Khan, Chad L Klochko, Sydney Cooper, Brendan Franz, Lauren Wolf, Adam Alessio, Steven B Soliman","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_12_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_12_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have demonstrated that a qualitatively and quantitatively assessed hyperechoic deltoid muscle on ultrasound (US) was accurate for the earlier detection of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aim to demonstrate the utility of automated skeletal muscle US radiomics and machine learning for the earlier detection of T2D and prediabetes (PreD) as a supplement to traditional hemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c) testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 1191 patients who underwent shoulder US was collected with five cohorts: 171 \"normal\" (without T2D), 69 \"screening\" (negative pre-US, but positive HbA_1c post-US), 190 \"risk\" (negative, but clinically high-risk and referred for HbA_1c), 365 with \"PreD\" (pre-US), and 396 with \"diabetes\" (pre-US). Analysis was performed on deltoid muscle US images. Automatic detection identified the deltoid region of interest. Radiomics features, race, age, and body mass index were input to a gradient-boosted decision tree model to predict if the patient was either low-risk or moderate/high-risk for T2D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Combining selected radiomics and clinical features resulted in a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.86 with 71% sensitivity and 96% specificity. In a subgroup of only patients with obesity, combining radiomics and clinical features achieved an AUROC of 0.92 with 82% sensitivity and 95% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>US radiomics and machine learning yielded promising results for the detection of T2D using skeletal muscle. Given the increasing use of shoulder US and the increasingly high number of undiagnosed patients with T2D, skeletal muscle US and radiomics analysis has the potential to serve as a supplemental noninvasive screening tool for the opportunistic earlier detection of T2D and PreD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Circulating Dickkopf-1 Level with Sonographic Findings and Radiographic Grading in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Adel Ibrahim Azzam, Abdelrahman Mohamed Labib, Abd-Elshafy Ahmed Haseeb, Ahmed Fathy Abd-Elaziz","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_139_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_139_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequently complex joint disease that involves all joint components, including cartilage degeneration and new bone development. Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) regulates bone growth and repair in OA. The purpose of this study is to determine Dkk-1 blood levels in individuals with primary knee joint OA, as well as their associations with disease progression and severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 45 individuals with primary OA of the knee and 45 healthy participants. Demographic data, body mass index, Visual Analog Scale, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis questionnaire scores were gathered. On radiography, the Kellgren and Lawrence score was acquired. The knee joint ultrasonography results were documented. The blood level of Dkk-1 was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dkk-1 levels in the blood were substantially higher in patients with OA than in healthy persons. Serum Dkk-1 levels appeared to have a significantly inverted relationship with radiological OA grades in knee OA (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Dkk-1 serum levels were significantly lower in individuals with ultrasonographic knee effusion (median = 3.2, interquartile range [IQR] = 3.1-4.16) than in those without effusion (median = 4.79, IQR = 4.04-5.09). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between Dkk-1 levels and ultrasonographically measured femoral cartilage thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dkk-1 is an interesting radiological indicator associated with degenerative articular joint disease. It may have a crucial function in slowing the process of degeneration in knee OA and reflecting the disease's radiographic and clinical severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Increased Red Cell Distribution Width Levels with the Severity of Carotid Artery Stenosis: Cross-sectional Study Results.","authors":"Oleg Gaisenok","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_46_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_46_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is being actively studied as a biomarker in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of RDW in patients with carotid atherosclerosis, comparing it with an assessment of the severity of carotid artery stenosis (CAS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Duplex registry database was used to conduct this retrospective cross-sectional study. The study participants underwent a complete blood count test, analysis for lipid profile, and carotid ultrasound. The patients were divided into 5 groups depending on CAS degree: none; 20%-49%; 50%-69%; 70%-99%; and occlusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 2548 patients were included in the final analysis (mean age: 57.9 ± 12.3 years; 51% males [<i>n</i> = 1301]). The analysis confirmed the relationship between the increase in the RDW index and CAS gradation increase in men (Kr-W H = 16.43; <i>P</i> = 0.0009), but was not confirmed in women (Kr-W H = 4.32; <i>P</i> = 0.22). Significantly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and platelets and lower levels of red blood cell and white blood cells were registered in female patients without CAS and with CAS < 50% compared with men (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study showed that RDW is an indicator whose increase is associated with an increase in the degree of carotid atherosclerosis in men, but not in women. This allows to discuss the role of the RDW index as a possible new laboratory biomarker of inflammation and progression of atherosclerosis, which can make an additional contribution to the formation of increased morbidity and mortality in men from atherosclerotic CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"148-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Placental Location on Ultrasound in Preeclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy in Third Trimester.","authors":"Mahima Aggarwal, Rajni Mittal, Jasmine Chawla","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_39_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_39_23","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy account for 15%-20% maternal and 20%-25% perinatal mortality. There is interest in predicting preeclampsia (PE) early in pregnancy to reduce PE and its subsequent complications. There is no cheap and easily available, reliable predictor for PE. Some studies have shown that the lateral location of placenta is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes due to PE. The lateral placenta is yet to be proven as a strong predictor of PE to initiate preventive measures. Placental localization can be easily done on routine ultrasonography during pregnancy. In the light of these observations, a prospective study was done to study any association between PE and placental location by ultrasound in third trimester. Research Question: Is there any association between placental location on ultrasound and preeclampsia in third trimester? The objective is to study association between location of placenta and preeclampsia and compare placental location in normotensive pregnancies with that in PE in third trimester.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A prospective comparative, case-control, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at North DMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, Delhi, India, from August 2019 to April 2020. The study population included 200 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy in third trimester, without any medical disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal disease, cardiac disease, and coagulation disorder or smoking. One hundred women had preeclampsia and 100 were normotensive controls. Ultrasound was done after filling F form as per the Government of India guidelines to rule out sex determination, and placenta was localized by ultrasound. Placenta was classified as central when it was equally distributed between the right and left sides of the uterus irrespective of anterior, posterior, or fundal position and lateral when 75% or more of the placental mass was on one side of the midline. Placental location was compared in hypertensive and normotensive pregnancies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of the total 200 women, 152 (76%) had central and 48 (24%) had lateral placenta. Ninety-two percent of controls and 60% of cases had central placenta. Forty percent of cases and only 8% normotensive women had lateral placenta. Lateral placenta was five times more frequent in presence of PE as compared to normotensive controls. Out of 152 women with central placenta, 92 (60.5%) women were normotensive but with lateral placenta, only 8 (16.7%) had normal blood pressure. PE was present in 83% of women with lateral placenta and in only 39.47% with central placenta. This difference was statistically significant as &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001 as per Chi-square test. This reflects a significant association between lateral position of placenta and occurrence of PE. As per odds ratio (0.1304) patients without lateral placenta had 90% protection a","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Ultrasound Markers of Isolated Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return and a Sequential Approach to Reach Diagnosis.","authors":"Wan-Ling Chih, Hsuan Ko, Tung-Yao Chang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_4_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_4_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article comprehensively reviews the literature concerning prenatal ultrasound findings of isolated total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) and the application of specific sonographic markers to differentiate among the TAPVR types. These markers can be categorized as direct and indirect, based on either morphological features or hemodynamic changes in TAPVR. Indirect markers include the ventricular disproportion, an increased distance between the left atrium (LA) and the descending aorta, as well as the dilatation of superior vena cava or coronary sinus for supracardiac or cardiac TAPVR, along with abnormal pulmonary venous spectral Doppler patterns. Direct markers predominantly focus on the absence of a connection between the pulmonary veins and the LA. Some direct markers are specific to certain TAPVR types, such as the vertical vein. Diagnosing isolated TAPVR can pose challenges, but following a sequential approach can improve detection rates and outcomes. In cases with equivocal findings, additional follow-ups are recommended. The sequential approach described in the current article provides a step-wise methodology and sonographic markers for prenatal diagnosis of TAPVR, which can be utilized by fetal-maternal medicine specialists, obstetricians, and radiological technicians to ensure timely interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}