Cheng-Hsun Lu, Yi-Min Huang, Song-Chou Hsieh, Ko-Jen Li
{"title":"Quantitative Texture Analysis of Parotid Gland Ultrasound Images Yield Higher Correlation with Scintigraphy than Semiquantitative Scoring in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients.","authors":"Cheng-Hsun Lu, Yi-Min Huang, Song-Chou Hsieh, Ko-Jen Li","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_173_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_173_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrasound (US) can detect salivary gland abnormalities in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). This study aimed to compare the correlation among the semiquantitative US scores, texture features, and the quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 11 patients who were diagnosed with primary SS and underwent US examinations of the parotid glands and SGS simultaneously. We evaluated SGS quantitatively based on the calculation of maximum accumulation ratio (MAR) and stimulated excretion fraction (EF). The US findings were accessed through the semiquantitative Outcome Measures in Rheumatology scoring system and by gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) texture analysis. Spearman's rank correlation tests were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant moderate negative correlation was noted between the semiquantitative US score and MAR (rho = -0.57, <i>P</i> = 0.006), but not with EF (rho = -0.11, <i>P</i> = 0.613). The GLCM texture metrics, including contrast, dissimilarity, and homogeneity, were all determined to be significantly associated with both MAR and EF. The GLCM contrast correlated moderately to MAR (rho = -0.66, <i>P</i> = 0.001). The GLCM homogeneity highly correlated to EF (rho = 0.74, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The contrast and homogeneity can still discriminate the changes in MAR and EF in the subgroups with the same semiquantitative US scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>US findings on parotid gland can correlate with SGS results when analyzed based on GLCM texture features. With the GLCM texture metrics, US appears to be an excellent imaging tool for the assessment of the parotid glands in primary SS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 2","pages":"112-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/f6/JMU-31-112.PMC10413402.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9998732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Stratifying Malignancy Risk of Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Mehrdad Nabahati, Zoleika Moazezi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_19_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_19_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a limited number of studies reporting the performance of European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) guideline in identifying thyroid nodule malignancy. We aimed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of EU-TIRADS regardless of thyroid nodule size.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During August 2019-November 2021, subjects with thyroid nodules were prospectively included. Sonographic characteristics were recorded and scored as per EU-TIRADS guideline. Finally, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed, and cytological findings were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally, 1266 thyroid nodules from 984 subjects were assessed, of which 295 nodules were smaller than 10 mm and 971 nodules were 10 mm or larger. Among nodules <10 mm, prevalence rates of malignancy for EU-TIRADS classes 2-5 were 0.0%, 3.7%, 20.6%, and 40.9%, respectively; these rates among nodules ≥10 mm were 2.3%, 4.0%, 19.3%, and 43.2%, respectively. The accuracy values of EU-TIRADS class 5 and EU-TIRADS class 4 or 5 in diagnosis of malignancy for nodules <10 mm were 86.4% and 79.7%, respectively; these rates for nodules ≥10 mm were 83.8% and 76.3%, respectively. Hypoechogenicity, microcalcification, ill-defined and irregular margins were predictors for malignancy regardless of thyroid nodule size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EU-TIRADS could provide an acceptable malignancy risk stratification that is helpful for better distinguishing benignity from malignancy, as well as preventing unnecessary FNA biopsies, in thyroid nodules irrespective of their size.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 2","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/f9/JMU-31-127.PMC10413406.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9998738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiziana Vasile, Renato Farina, Pietro Valerio Foti, Antonio Basile
{"title":"The Role of Ultrasound in Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Lesson Based on a Case Report.","authors":"Tiziana Vasile, Renato Farina, Pietro Valerio Foti, Antonio Basile","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_219_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_219_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic outlet syndrome is a rare neurovascular disease, usually caused by compression of subclavian vessels and/or brachial plexus by a cervical rib or hypertrophic scalene muscles. When the subclavian artery is compressed, it can cause perfusion deficiency with cyanosis and greater fatigue of the upper limb; if the subclavian vein is compressed, it can cause venous congestion with swelling and pain in the upper limb. When compression affects the brachial plexus, it can cause tingling or paresthesia of the upper limb. It can be mono or bilateral, congenital, or acquired. The diagnosis of vascular alterations is difficult due to the rarity, poor knowledge, and nonspecificity of symptoms. Ultrasound allows to localize and measure the vascular stenosis degree. Failure to diagnose can expose patients to serious health risks. We describe a rare case of venous compression caused by anterior scalene muscle hypertrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 2","pages":"150-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/3a/JMU-31-150.PMC10413403.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10371469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Brandão, Nathan Ceschin, Josep Lluís Romero, Jaime Ferro
{"title":"Incidental Finding of a Müllerian Malformation on Two-dimensional Ultrasound: What Now?","authors":"Pedro Brandão, Nathan Ceschin, Josep Lluís Romero, Jaime Ferro","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_118_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_118_21","url":null,"abstract":"On vaginal US, two cervical canals [Figure 2] and two uterine cavities [Figures 3 and 4] were noticed. At the level of the miduterus, there was a median discontinuation of the uterine wall, separating the uterine body in two [Figure 5-7]. intErprEtAtion Congenital malformations of the female urogenital tract, with a prevalence of 2%–10%, are the result of an impaired development of the Müllerian ducts and/or urogenital sinus. The fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the upper part of the vagina have their embryological origin in the Müllerian ducts, while the urogenital sinus originates the most distal part of the vagina. Any disruption in any part of this process may lead to an impaired genitourinary development.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 2","pages":"162-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9e/3b/JMU-31-162.PMC10413391.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10371467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the Adherence of Radiologists in Reporting the Ovarian Cysts to the 2010 Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Guidelines.","authors":"Fariba Zarei, Nargessadat Khatamizadeh, Banafsheh Zeinali-Rafsanjani","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_137_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_137_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the adherence of radiologists to the guideline of the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU)-2010 for the follow-up of ovarian cysts in patients during 2015-2016.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients' data, referring for transvaginal and pelvic ultrasonography, suffering from ovarian cyst were assessed in terms of menopause status, cyst size, and type, as well as follow-ups recommended by radiologist to assess the adherence of reports to SRU-2010.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and sixty-four sonography reports were investigated. Seventy-seven percent of the reports had adhered to SRU-2010, 9.9% and 9.1% had under/overmanagement, and 4.1% was incomplete. 94.2% and 5.8% of cases were in pre/postmenopause status, respectively. The highest adherence belonged to cysts in size <1 cm, 1-3 cm, 5-7 cm. The highest adherence, over/undermanagement, and incomplete reports belonged to corpus luteum, hemorrhagic, dermoid cysts, and nodules without flow. The adherence of sonography reports to SRU-2010 for accidental ovarian cysts was 76.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tendency for overmanagement of simple cysts in premenopausal women and the tendency for undermanagement in simple cysts and in postmenopausal women were higher, respectively. It is expected that more training of the guideline to radiologists will lead to the reduction of unnecessary follow-up, which in turn leads to reduced patient's anxiety and cost of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 2","pages":"107-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/02/ee/JMU-31-107.PMC10413409.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9998737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis D Gkegkes, Vassilis Milionis, Nikolaos Goutas, Apostolos P Stamatiadis
{"title":"Perianal Angioleiomyoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ioannis D Gkegkes, Vassilis Milionis, Nikolaos Goutas, Apostolos P Stamatiadis","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_107_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_107_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angioleiomyomas are rare benign tumors, which take origin from smooth muscle fibers of the tunica media of veins. Even though angioleiomyomas can appear anywhere in the body, these masses are rarely occurred in the gastrointestinal system. This is the first reported case of perianal angioleiomyomas, where the tumor in close relation with the anal canal was investigated with endoanal ultrasonography. Local excision of such lesion is generally curative.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"179-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Real-time Submental Ultrasonography to Assess Swallowing.","authors":"Li-Jen Liao, Yung-Hsin Tung, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Wan-Lun Hsu","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_110_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_110_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Speech and swallowing dysfunction are common problems in head-and-neck cancer (HNC) survivors. Ultrasound (US) is a good method to assess suprahyoid muscles and hyoid bone movement, and it can provide valuable information on swallowing. The aims of this study were to measure the biometry of the supraglottic muscles and hyoid bone movement during swallowing and elucidate the application of real-time US for assessing swallowing dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected data from HNC and thyroid cancer patients with dysphagia symptoms and healthy controls without a history of cancer or dysphagia symptoms for comparison. Real-time submental US was used to check the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, geniohyoid (GH) muscles, and hyoid bone movement during swallowing. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore significant US predictors of dysphagia. Based on the regression coefficients of independent variables, we established the nomogram prediction model for dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in GH size at contraction, GH size increase percentage, GH length at rest, GH length increase percentage, anterior displacement of the hyoid bone and superior displacement of the hyoid bone between the cancer survivors with dysphagia and volunteers without dysphagia. In multivariate logistic analysis, after adjusting for sex and age, the proportion of GH length contraction <22% (odds ratio [OR]: 6.8 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-42.6) and hyoid bone superior displacement <3.3 mm (OR: 10.7, 1.8-64.1) were associated with a higher risk of dysphagia (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We confirmed that GH muscle and hyoid bone movement are important for normal swallowing function. US is a good method to assess the suprahyoid muscles and hyoid bone movement, which could provide valuable information on swallowing.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 4","pages":"287-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139544010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Application of Ultrasound Guidance in Electrodiagnostic Studies - A Narrative Review.","authors":"Kuo-Chang Wei, Chueh-Hung Wu, Tyng-Guey Wang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_104_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_104_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrodiagnostic studies, including nerve conduction study and electromyography, were conducted based on surface anatomy in a conventional manner. However, the anatomical variations and difficulty in the identification of target nerves or muscles render the accuracy of electrodiagnostic studies questionable. In recent years, high-resolution ultrasound (US) has been used to scan both the peripheral nerves and musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, an increasing number of clinicians have incorporated US into electrodiagnostic studies to achieve accurate sampling and prevent potential unwanted tissue injuries. In this review article, we present summarized information about the utility of US in assisting electrodiagnostic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 4","pages":"263-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emad Mofid Nassif Rezkallah, Andrew Elsaify, Su Min Min Tin, Wael Elsaify
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Axillary Staging in Breast Cancer Patients.","authors":"Emad Mofid Nassif Rezkallah, Andrew Elsaify, Su Min Min Tin, Wael Elsaify","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_99_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_99_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women all over the world and represents 7% of all cancer-related deaths in the UK. One of the most crucial elements in assessing a patient's prognosis and chance of survival with breast cancer is the condition of their axillary lymph nodes. Ultrasonography (US) is now used as a routine preoperative diagnostic tool for pretherapeutic axillary evaluation. The aim of the current study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of US in axillary staging in breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out this retrospective study for all invasive breast cancer patients who had surgery in addition to preoperative axillary staging using US during the period from January 2020 to February 2021. The final histology results were compared with the preoperative US findings to ascertain the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AUS in axillary staging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and twenty-eight patients were included in our study. The average age of diagnosis was 63.9 ± 12.3 years of age. We calculated sensitivity rate of 59.6%, specificity rate of 95.1%, positive predictive value of 87.5%, and negative predictive value of 80.2% with overall diagnostic accuracy of 82.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the important role of preoperative US in axillary staging in breast cancer patients; it failed to detect metastatic diseases in 14.8% of our patients. These findings necessitate the routine histological evaluation of the axilla for more accurate staging of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 4","pages":"293-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nora Lesion (Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation): An Ultrasound Diagnosis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlation.","authors":"Daphne J Theodorou, Stavroula J Theodorou, Yousuke Kakitsubata","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_53_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced cross-sectional imaging techniques are firmly established as a means of evaluating musculoskeletal disease, and ultrasound (US) is increasingly being used for the assessment of a diversity of tendon, joint, and soft-tissue abnormalities. A benign condition - bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) - arises from the periosteum, typically in the small bones of the hands and feet, and grows as a surface bone lesion in the surrounding soft tissue. Proliferations can become symptomatic, exercising mass effect on adjacent structures that may require operative management. As a bone-forming process, BPOP may occasionally assume worrisome histologic features that mimic sarcoma, and a pronounced tendency to recur after primary excision. A solitary mass was growing in the middle finger of a young woman that curtailed proper hand function. With US, a partially ossified formation was revealed in the proximal phalanx situated on the outer surface of the bone. There was faint acoustic shadowing distal to the lesion, and a hypoechoic halo was seen covering part of the abnormal tissue growth. Importantly, the lesion caused significant limitation of motion of the finger, on the dynamic flexion US images with the displacement of the flexor tendon and compression of a digital nerve. To restore the range of motion in the finger, surgical excision of the juxtacortical mass was performed and histology yielded a diagnosis of BPOP. We describe the US features of digital BPOP, which were found to correspond closely to those of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 4","pages":"327-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}