OrbisPub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.009
Stephen J. Blank
{"title":"Ukraine and an Integrated Deterrence Strategy","authors":"Stephen J. Blank","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This essay addresses the imperative need for a comprehensive American, if not Western strategy to support Ukraine. This strategy must include not only the current tranche of weapons but also consistent and regular supply to achieve victory, i.e., restoration of the sovereignty and integrity of Ukraine. Equally important is the necessity for Washington and its allies to collaborate on the long-term preservation and sustainment of conventional deterrence in Europe at the Russo-NATO border. In addition, the Administration must make the case for Ukraine to the public.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 3","pages":"Pages 491-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2024.09.004
Derek S. Reveron
{"title":"US Foreign Policy Beyond 2025","authors":"Derek S. Reveron","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orbis.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Every four years often signals change in American politics whether the incumbent president is re-elected or there is partisan turnover in the White House. While individuals change and pursue their campaign promises with their own style and appointees, there is much continuity across administrations. Longstanding security commitments in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East with bipartisan agreement on national interests, the sclerotic structure of the Executive Branch, plus congressional, judicial, and international limits imposed on the presidency prevent wholesale change in American foreign policy. Simply, one cannot understand international politics without understanding intranational politics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 4","pages":"Pages 545-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2024.02.003
Charles A. Ray, Michael Walsh
{"title":"Changing the Status Quo in US-Zimbabwe Relations","authors":"Charles A. Ray, Michael Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since gaining independence in 1980 and changing its name from Rhodesia to Zimbabwe, this southern African nation has been plagued with political violence and economic instability. Corrupt and incompetent officials, mostly from the ruling ZANU-PF party, have caused bouts of rampant inflation which turned into hyperinflation, wrecking what had once been a thriving economy. After a period of relative economic stability from 2009 to 2016, the economy appears once again to be in a tailspin. The overthrow of long-time leader Robert Mugabe in 2017 was seen initially as ushering in a new era, but elections in 2018 and 2023—were flawed by official intimidation and corruption. The United States is not positioned to have a significant impact on Zimbabwe’s future trajectory. However, it should take a more clear-eyed approach to do what little it can given the current global context. At a minimum, this requires the production of a realistic strategic plan, which in turn requires important strategic choices to be made, including what is the winning aspiration being sought in US-Zimbabwe relations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 2","pages":"Pages 190-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.007
Thomas Graham
{"title":"Realpolitik vs. Messianism in Russian Foreign Policy","authors":"Thomas Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contrary to the prevailing view, messianic thinking has not driven Russian expansionism. Russian rulers have rather been guided by realpolitik in a search for security through the creation of strategic depth. When messianic thinking has infected Russian conduct abroad it generally has led to humiliating setbacks. In recent years, Russian President Vladimir Putin has abandoned realpolitik for messianic thinking. Such thinking lay behind his decision to invade Ukraine. It informs his escalating conflict with the West. And it will likely produce no better results for Russia than messianic thinking has in the past. This article is a slightly edited excerpt from the author’s new book, Getting Russia Right.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 3","pages":"Pages 462-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.013
Leon Hadar
{"title":"Former diplomats express disillusionment with US experience in the Middle East","authors":"Leon Hadar","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 1","pages":"Pages 155-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138480659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.002
Olena Snigyr
{"title":"Russian strategic narratives, 2022–2023","authors":"Olena Snigyr","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Russia, in its competition with the liberal world for establishing the dominant discourse—alongside hard power military means—deploys soft power, leveraging the allure of illiberal values to forge foreign policy alliances, undermine the credibility of international institutions, and reshape the global order. Russian strategic narratives delineate the political objectives of the Russian government. In a contest for discursive authority with other global actors, Russia presents its vision of a new world order—a world partitioned among major powers—where Moscow holds the authority to determine the fate of peoples in the “Greater Eurasia” region, including Europe</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 1","pages":"Pages 3-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138480790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.004
Frzand Sherko
{"title":"Iran’s four tactics to deter threats at sea","authors":"Frzand Sherko","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arguably, the Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian armed forces relies on four pillars to deter their enemies at sea: implementing asymmetric warfare tactics; improving Iran’s naval capabilities at the tactical and strategic levels; using naval proxy forces, and building regional and global naval alliances. The author evaluates these pillars and contends that it is time for the United States to consider building an Arab naval alliance in the Persian Gulf.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 1","pages":"Pages 47-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138480097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.011
James Ryan, Joshua Krasna, Lior Sternfeld
{"title":"Scholars in conversation on the Middle East crisis","authors":"James Ryan, Joshua Krasna, Lior Sternfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 1","pages":"Pages 132-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138480657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrbisPub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.008
Surya Kanegaonkar
{"title":"The financial shape of things to come","authors":"Surya Kanegaonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2023.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global financial system<span> is undergoing its most significant change in the last four decades. A highly leveraged consumption-driven model undergirded by US fiat currency, Chinese labor arbitrage and US geopolitical primacy, is facing questions. This comes at a time when the global power balance is shifting from the West to the East at the fastest rate in the last three centuries. Economic and security risks are at a multi-decade high and manifest in economic crises and wars. The kind of equilibrium achieved by major and emerging powers after this period of transition will depend on how they derisk supply chains, re-globalize trade and mitigate conflicts</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"68 1","pages":"Pages 110-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138480649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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