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China’s Oceanic Aspirations: New Insights from the Experts 中国的海洋抱负:专家的新见解
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.012
Ryan Martinson
{"title":"China’s Oceanic Aspirations: New Insights from the Experts","authors":"Ryan Martinson","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) is rapidly building a blue-water force structure, but little is known about how the service intends to use these new platforms in operations outside of East Asia. This article answers key questions about the future trajectory of the PLAN by examining the service’s strategy of “Far Sea Protection.” It argues that Far Seas Protection is predicated on two desires: (1) to strengthen China’s ability to protect the homeland from attack from the sea and (2) to safeguard the country’s expanding overseas interests. Ultimately, the PLAN intends to do so through the conduct of “far seas mobile operations” with aircraft carrier strike groups, amphibious assault ships, and nuclear-powered submarines. If conflict occurs before these platforms are available to the fleet, the PLAN would conduct asymmetric warfare east of the first island chain, using an approach described as “far seas sabotage guerilla operations.”</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 2","pages":"Pages 249-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80150921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Nightmares of an International Relations Professor 国际关系教授的噩梦
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.011
W. McDougall
{"title":"Nightmares of an International Relations Professor","authors":"W. McDougall","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79339037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Russia’s Enduring Role in the World 俄罗斯在世界上的持久作用
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.010
Jakub Grygiel
{"title":"Russia’s Enduring Role in the World","authors":"Jakub Grygiel","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83930992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Globalization, Real and Imagined 全球化，真实与想象
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.005
Judah Grunstein
{"title":"Globalization, Real and Imagined","authors":"Judah Grunstein","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globalization has always involved more than just trade. Particularly as expressed by the United States and Europe at the turn of the millennium, it was a framework in which openness, interconnectedness, and the exchange of cultural and intellectual influences on the global level were seen as beneficial in and of themselves. The contrast is stark between that vision of international order and the one that is emerging today. Often forgotten, however, is that this vision of international order was not the only one being advanced. It is instructive today, to consider how the rest of the world thought about globalization back then.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 502-508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91708857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“A More Feminine Approach?” Rethinking How America Deters a Nuclear-Capable Iran “更女性化的方法?”重新思考美国如何阻止拥有核武器的伊朗
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.006
Melissa Deehring, Joan Johnson-Freese
{"title":"“A More Feminine Approach?” Rethinking How America Deters a Nuclear-Capable Iran","authors":"Melissa Deehring,&nbsp;Joan Johnson-Freese","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To demonstrate why a more feminist approach offers potentially greater success than the more masculine approaches already tried, and failed, this article provides a case study of US deterrence strategy toward Iran during the most recent presidential administrations—two Democratic and two Republican. Analysis will focus on whether each administration’s stance toward Iran has been traditionally masculine, feminine, or a mix. From that examination, recommendations are made regarding development of effective US-Iranian deterrence strategy in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 509-525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91746918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editor’s Corner 编辑器的角落
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2021.12.001
Nikolas K. Gvosdev
{"title":"Editor’s Corner","authors":"Nikolas K. Gvosdev","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92002233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Cultural Mechanics of Social Inequality and Global Cultural Interdependence 探索社会不平等和全球文化相互依存的文化机制
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.009
Wendolyn Weber
{"title":"Exploring the Cultural Mechanics of Social Inequality and Global Cultural Interdependence","authors":"Wendolyn Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article illustrates the role that General Studies courses in the Humanities can play in educating students about the complex dynamics by which cultural production may reflect, support, or change social structures, issues, and norms, through the specific examples of two English courses offered for General Studies credit at MSU Denver: “Monsters and Monstrosity” and “Vampire Films.” Grounded in a cultural-criticism approach to textual analysis, the courses read monsters as symbolic keys to the cultures that produce them. The terrifying and repulsive qualities of monsters invariably operate on the boundary between self and other. As an abject Other, the monster serves to reinforce our sense of what is different/non-normative/threatening, and the stamp of monstrosity legitimizes cultural bias, often perpetuating social marginalization and inequality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 111-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137330897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Does Putin’s Russia March Off to War? 普京领导下的俄罗斯何时走向战争?
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.005
Simon Saradzhyan
{"title":"When Does Putin’s Russia March Off to War?","authors":"Simon Saradzhyan","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article examines how seven potential drivers of the Russian Federation’s military interventions played out in seven instances in which Vladimir Putin was likely to have deliberated on whether or not to use military force in foreign countries, including three instances in which the Russian leader ultimately decided to intervene and four instances in which he did not. The article contends that carefully reviewing these historical episodes could help predict Putin’s military actions in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 35-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74540700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Age of Ebrahim Raisi 易卜拉欣·莱希的时代
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.010
Ray Takeyh
{"title":"The Age of Ebrahim Raisi","authors":"Ray Takeyh","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Islamic Republic of Iran finds itself in an unusual paradox. It is a regime that is growing stronger in the region while weaker at home. The mullahs will stand as Persia’s most dedicated and ardent imperialists, who have implanted their influence throughout the Middle East. Iran has prolonged regional civil wars, harassed Arab potentates, and reduced the once proud Arab nation of Iraq into a vassal state. Yet, it is at home that the regime faces its most significant challenges. Ebrahim Raisi, Iran’s new dogmatic and unimaginative president, is facing a depleted economy, popular protests, and massive corruption. The clerical oligarchs have no answer to Iran’s mounting problems. It remains unclear whether the regime can survive the many predicaments of its own making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 2","pages":"Pages 224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80407460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From the Baltic to the Black Sea: NATO’S Drive to the East Versus Russia’s Sphere of Influence 从波罗的海到黑海:北约东进对抗俄罗斯势力范围
Orbis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.012
James Kurth
{"title":"From the Baltic to the Black Sea: NATO’S Drive to the East Versus Russia’s Sphere of Influence","authors":"James Kurth","doi":"10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2022.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This essay engages with and revises the author’s article titled, “Fateful Collision: NATO’s Drive to the East versus Russia’s Sphere of Influence,” for the Institute for New Economic Thinking. In addition, it draws on his book, The American Way of Empire: How America Won a World—But Lost Her Way, particularly the chapter on “Europe: NATO Expansion versus the Russian Sphere.”</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45433,"journal":{"name":"Orbis","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 577-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91708860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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