{"title":"The Fraser Paradox: Reconciling Expansive Multicultural Programs with Neoliberal Health Policies","authors":"Rachel Stevens, Mary Tomsic, Jen Rose","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Fraser government is widely credited for introducing progressive migration and multicultural programs. Concomitantly, it also abolished Whitlam's universal health insurance system, Medibank, and ended Commonwealth funding for community health programs. This paper examines the intersection of migrant settlement and health policies to demonstrate a policy dynamic marked by ideological tension within the Fraser government. To demonstrate this policy conflict, this article incorporates the case study of the North Richmond Family Care Centre (NRFCC), which was established in 1974 to serve the ethnically diverse population on the neighbouring public housing estate. It draws on oral history interviews with founding staff of the NRFCC, activists and public housing residents, and the NRFCC archives. This article also analyses government perspectives, examining materials from the Public Records Office Victoria, the Malcolm Fraser papers and the National Archives of Australia. From this rich trove of materials, we demonstrate that Malcolm Fraser's commitment to multiculturalism lacked meaningful impact, at least in the critical space of community healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"510-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Good Sea: The Journey of the Tasi Diak and the Politics of Refugee Protection in Australia By Vannessa Hearman, Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2026. vii + 240 pp. ISBN: 978-0-52-288167-7","authors":"John Minns","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"567-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monetary Targeting, Wages and Inflation in 1970s Australia: Always and Everywhere a Distributional Phenomenon?","authors":"Michael Beggs","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the role of wages and the arbitration system in Australia's nine-year experiment with official <i>monetary targeting</i>, initiated by the Fraser government in 1976. Instead of depoliticising inflation by turning it into a technical problem of monetary policy, monetarism in Australia was absorbed into the local view in which inflation was ‘always and everywhere a distributional problem’. Australian economists were generally sceptical of the specifically monetary claims of monetarism, but authorities used the targets pragmatically to support tight macroeconomic and fiscal policy, and to discipline the centralised arbitration system, with the government arguing before the commissioners that their wage decisions would determine whether limited monetary expansion resulted in employment growth or inflation. Ultimately, monetary targeting failed to provide macroeconomic stability or remove inflation from the political sphere of wage-setting, and the Prices and Incomes Accord between Labor in government and the Australian Council of Trade Unions took over responsibility for managing inflation and unemployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"421-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajph.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘The White Hordes From the West’: Race and Refuge in Australian Media Commentary About White Rhodesians During Zimbabwe's Decolonisation","authors":"George Bishi, Ana Stevenson","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores Australian media commentary on white Rhodesians migrating to Australia, focusing on the period of Malcolm Fraser's prime ministership (1975–1983). The main argument is that the Australian media debates about whether to classify white Rhodesians as ‘migrants’ or ‘refugees’ were not merely semantic but reflected a deeper conflict over race, national identity, and transnational whiteness during the Fraser era. Although the Fraser government officially saw white Rhodesians as ‘normal’ migrants, it faced criticism from right-wing allies and the media for its own classification of them as ‘refugees’, a position opposed by the left. Drawing upon case studies in the mainstream media and the communist left and university student press, this article demonstrates how the ‘white Rhodesian question’ depicted the Fraser government's contested and contrasting approach to the politics of national borders, Rhodesian policy, its commitment to multiculturalism, and underlying anxieties about preserving a white national identity and transnational whiteness.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"449-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajph.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenging Anzac: Stories That Don't Fit the Legend By Mia Martin Hobbs, Carolyn Holbrook and Joan Beaumont, Sydney: NewSouth, 2026. ix + 342 pp. $A39.99 (paperback). ISBN: 978-1-76-117070-6","authors":"David Stephens","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"565-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rights or Resources? The Australian Mining Industry Council's Campaign against Aboriginal Land Rights and the (Dis)Illusion of Equality, 1975–1983","authors":"Jessica Urwin","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1976, the Fraser Government passed the <i>Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act</i>. This piece of legislation was one of the results of the Whitlam Government's radical commitment to Aboriginal self-determination. It was, however, hotly contested by proponents of the mining industry. This article explores two of the key arguments put forward by the Australian Mining Industry Council (AMIC) in opposition to the Fraser Government's provision of land rights to Aboriginal peoples in the Northern Territory. Through its anti-land rights campaign, AMIC attempted to present itself as an arbiter of equality in the 1970s by pushing two overarching narratives about land rights. First, the Council maintained that land rights legislation was discriminatory, akin to “apartheid” in its creation of division in the Australian population. And in a second, related, line of argument, AMIC insisted that land rights threatened the democratic rights and expectations of all citizens, fundamentally undermining the Government's constitutional responsibilities to its people. As far as AMIC was concerned, the Australian people had a choice in front of them by the mid-to-late 1970s: rights or resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"474-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Malcolm Fraser and Jimmy Carter: Trilateralism and Personal Diplomacy","authors":"Athanasios Antonopoulos","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article studies Malcolm Fraser's approach towards the United States between 1977 and 1980. The paper does so by examining how Fraser's Coalition government perceived and responded to the concept of trilateralism, which Jimmy Carter embraced at the early stages of his presidency. The Australian government was concerned about Carter's ties to the Trilateral Commission, which advocated closer cooperation among North America, Western Europe and Japan to address global political, economic and strategic challenges. Trilateralism ascribed a peripheral role to Australia within the western alliance, which threatened Canberra's access to its principal Cold War ally. This article, therefore, argues that Australia, as a middle power, embraced personal diplomacy in its efforts to influence the United States' foreign policy during a period of great flux in the Cold War. Specifically, Fraser employed personal diplomacy aimed at establishing a close rapport with Carter to safeguard Australia's continuous and uninhibited input into US decision-making on matters that directly and indirectly impacted Australia's national objectives, interests, and considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"437-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajph.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Writing about a Prime Minister: Reflections on How Malcolm Fraser PM Happened","authors":"Patrick Weller","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1989 I published <i>Malcolm Fraser PM</i>, a study of the way that prime minister Fraser worked. In this note I muse about the back story, about the processes involved in writing a study of a recently defeated prime minister, explaining how the book was written and what could be learnt from the interactions with Fraser.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"556-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajph.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Locating the Fraser Years in Australian Political History","authors":"Joshua Black","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"399-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-Imagining Australia's Ocean Life and Territories in the Fraser Years, 1975–1983","authors":"Alessandro Antonello","doi":"10.1111/ajph.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Malcolm Fraser's Liberal-National Country coalition government enacted significant legal and policy developments around ocean matters, contributing to an intense moment of national attention towards, and re-imagining of, ocean life and territories. Fraser appointed an inquiry on whales and whaling whose findings he used to ban whaling in Australia. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (created during the Whitlam government) came into existence to create and manage the marine park, but controversies around oil drilling in the Reef resurfaced and conflict between the Federal and Queensland governments seemingly delayed the rapid enactment of the marine park meant that the Fraser years continued to grapple with Reef politics and imaginaries. The government negotiated the Offshore Constitutional Settlement with the states to resolve constitutional conflicts around ocean sovereignty and jurisdiction which had arisen in the context of the changing international law of the sea. As this article demonstrates, taken together, these developments and moves reshaped Australia's ocean imaginaries by defining and embedding new actors, territories, sentiments, and relationships (both between people and between humans and ocean creatures and environments) in the context of both domestic social and cultural change as well as international legal developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":45431,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Politics and History","volume":"72 3","pages":"492-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}