Schizophrenia Research and Treatment最新文献_第8页

Schizophrenia as a disorder of communication. 精神分裂症是一种沟通障碍。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-05-12 DOI: 10.1155/2013/952034

Margaret A Niznikiewicz, Marek Kubicki, Christoph Mulert, Ruth Condray

{"title":"Schizophrenia as a disorder of communication.","authors":"Margaret A Niznikiewicz, Marek Kubicki, Christoph Mulert, Ruth Condray","doi":"10.1155/2013/952034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/952034","url":null,"abstract":"The first characterizations of schizophrenia invoked the concept of disordered thought and broken mind as central to its clinical presentation [1, 2]. Interestingly, Bleuler's characterization of schizophrenia was couched in terms of four A's association, with its focus on disordered language, affectivity, ambivalence, and autism, all of which implicate different aspects of social function [3]. Bleuler captured much that is still relevant to the study of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and, in fact, covers quite well the topic of social communication dysfunction highlighted in this issue. The research that followed these early characterizations firmly established the link between abnormal brain structure and function, mediated by genetics, and many clinical and cognitive manifestations of this devastating disease [4–6]. Over the last several years, great progress has been achieved in the understanding of mechanisms of schizophrenia [7–10]. And while a comprehensive theory of schizophrenia is still elusive, many compelling accounts of schizophrenia pathology have been put forward and generated valuable insights [8, 9, 11–15].","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2013 ","pages":"952034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/952034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31506204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Empirically Based Psychosocial Therapies for Schizophrenia: The Disconnection between Science and Practice. 精神分裂症的基于经验的社会心理治疗:科学与实践之间的脱节。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-04-23 DOI: 10.1155/2013/792769

Glenn D Shean

引用次数: 9

Grasping the world: object-affordance effect in schizophrenia. 把握世界:精神分裂症的客体可视性效应。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-09 DOI: 10.1155/2013/531938

Jessica Sevos, Anne Grosselin, Jacques Pellet, Catherine Massoubre, Denis Brouillet

{"title":"Grasping the world: object-affordance effect in schizophrenia.","authors":"Jessica Sevos, Anne Grosselin, Jacques Pellet, Catherine Massoubre, Denis Brouillet","doi":"10.1155/2013/531938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/531938","url":null,"abstract":"For schizophrenic patients, the world can appear as deprived of practical meaning, which normally emerges from sensory-motor experiences. However, no research has yet studied the integration between perception and action in this population. In this study, we hypothesize that patients, after having controlled the integrity of their visuospatial integration, would nevertheless present deficit in sensory-motor simulation. In this view, we compare patients to control subjects using two stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) tasks. Experiment 1 is performed to ensure that visuo-spatial integration is not impaired (Simon Effect). Experiment 2 replicates a study from Tucker and Ellis (1998) to explore the existence of sensory-motor compatibility between stimulus and response (Object Affordance). In control subjects, the SRC effect appears in both experiments. In schizophrenic patients, it appears only when stimuli and responses share the same spatial localization. This loss of automatic sensory-motor simulation could emerge from a lack of relation between the object and the subject's environment. ","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2013 ","pages":"531938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/531938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31996609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The Effect of an Educating versus Normalizing Approach on Treatment Motivation in Patients Presenting with Delusions: An Experimental Investigation with Analogue Patients. 教育与规范化方法对妄想患者治疗动机的影响:一项模拟患者的实验研究。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-10-23 DOI: 10.1155/2013/261587

Eva Lüllmann, Tania M Lincoln

{"title":"The Effect of an Educating versus Normalizing Approach on Treatment Motivation in Patients Presenting with Delusions: An Experimental Investigation with Analogue Patients.","authors":"Eva Lüllmann, Tania M Lincoln","doi":"10.1155/2013/261587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/261587","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently a widespread recommendation for clinicians was not to respond to the content of patients' delusions but to stress at an early time point that the patient has a mental illness (educating approach). An opposed recommendation is to validate the patients' symptoms and normalize them (normalizing approach). This study used an experimental design to compare the impact of these two approaches on treatment motivation (TM). A cover story about a person who develops persecutory delusions was used to guide a sample of 81 healthy participants who served as analogue patients into imagining experiencing delusions. This was followed by a random assignment to either an educating or a normalizing consultation with a fictive clinician. Consultations only differed in content. Finally, we assessed the participants' motivation to accept medication (Medication TM), psychological treatment (Psychological TM), and treatment offered by this particular clinician independent of the kind of treatment (Clinician-related TM). Participants in the normalizing condition showed higher Clinician-related and Psychological TM than those in the educating condition. Medication TM was unaffected by condition. Following our results using a normalizing approach seems to be advisable in a first-contact situation with patients with delusions and favourable to a simple educating approach. ","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2013 ","pages":"261587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/261587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31889190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

A high-fidelity virtual environment for the study of paranoia. 研究偏执的高保真虚拟环境。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-17 DOI: 10.1155/2013/538185

Matthew R Broome, Eva Zányi, Thomas Hamborg, Elmedin Selmanovic, Silvester Czanner, Max Birchwood, Alan Chalmers, Swaran P Singh

{"title":"A high-fidelity virtual environment for the study of paranoia.","authors":"Matthew R Broome, Eva Zányi, Thomas Hamborg, Elmedin Selmanovic, Silvester Czanner, Max Birchwood, Alan Chalmers, Swaran P Singh","doi":"10.1155/2013/538185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/538185","url":null,"abstract":"Psychotic disorders carry social and economic costs for sufferers and society. Recent evidence highlights the risk posed by urban upbringing and social deprivation in the genesis of paranoia and psychosis. Evidence based psychological interventions are often not offered because of a lack of therapists. Virtual reality (VR) environments have been used to treat mental health problems. VR may be a way of understanding the aetiological processes in psychosis and increasing psychotherapeutic resources for its treatment. We developed a high-fidelity virtual reality scenario of an urban street scene to test the hypothesis that virtual urban exposure is able to generate paranoia to a comparable or greater extent than scenarios using indoor scenes. Participants (n = 32) entered the VR scenario for four minutes, after which time their degree of paranoid ideation was assessed. We demonstrated that the virtual reality scenario was able to elicit paranoia in a nonclinical, healthy group and that an urban scene was more likely to lead to higher levels of paranoia than a virtual indoor environment. We suggest that this study offers evidence to support the role of exposure to factors in the urban environment in the genesis and maintenance of psychotic experiences and symptoms. The realistic high-fidelity street scene scenario may offer a useful tool for therapists. ","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2013 ","pages":"538185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/538185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32054415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Utility of Two PANSS 5-Factor Models for Assessing Psychosocial Outcomes in Clinical Programs for Persons with Schizophrenia. 两种PANSS五因素模型在精神分裂症患者临床项目中评估社会心理结果的效用。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-05 DOI: 10.1155/2013/705631

Jeanette M Jerrell, Stephanie Hrisko

{"title":"Utility of Two PANSS 5-Factor Models for Assessing Psychosocial Outcomes in Clinical Programs for Persons with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Jeanette M Jerrell, Stephanie Hrisko","doi":"10.1155/2013/705631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/705631","url":null,"abstract":"Using symptom factors derived from two models of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) as covariates, change over time in consumer psychosocial functioning, medication adherence/compliance, and treatment satisfaction outcomes are compared based on a randomized, controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of antipsychotic medications for 108 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Random effects regression analysis was used to determine the relative performance of these two 5-factor models as covariates in estimating change over time and the goodness of fit of the regression equations for each outcome. Self-reported psychosocial functioning was significantly associated with the relief of positive and negative syndromes, whereas patient satisfaction was more closely and significantly associated with control of excited/activation symptoms. Interviewer-rated psychosocial functioning was significantly associated with relief of positive and negative symptoms, as well as excited/activation and disoriented/autistic preoccupation symptoms. The VDG 5-factor model of the PANSS represents the best \"goodness of fit\" model for assessing symptom-related change associated with improved psychosocial outcomes and functional recovery. Five-factor models of the syndromes of schizophrenia, as assessed using the PANSS, are differentially valuable in determining the predictors of psychosocial and satisfaction changes over time, but not of improved medication adherence/compliance. ","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2013 ","pages":"705631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/705631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31992438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Do people with schizophrenia lack emotional intelligence? 精神分裂症患者缺乏情商吗?

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-12-13 DOI: 10.1155/2012/495174

Sara Dawson, Lisa Kettler, Cassandra Burton, Cherrie Galletly

{"title":"Do people with schizophrenia lack emotional intelligence?","authors":"Sara Dawson, Lisa Kettler, Cassandra Burton, Cherrie Galletly","doi":"10.1155/2012/495174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/495174","url":null,"abstract":"Social cognition is a domain of cognitive function that includes the ability to understand and manage social interactions. Emotional intelligence (EI) has been identified as a component of social cognition and is defined as the ability to identify, use, understand, and manage emotions. Neurocognitive impairments are known to be associated with poorer social function in people with schizophrenia, but less is known about the relationships between EI, neurocognition, and social function. The current study assessed EI using the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) in 20 people with schizophrenia and 20 controls. The schizophrenia group had significantly lower scores on all measures of EI and demonstrated poorer neurocognition and social functioning than controls. The difference between schizophrenia and control groups was greatest for the Understanding Emotions Branch of the MSCEIT. The neurocognition score and total EI score accounted for 18.3% of the variance in social function in the control group and 9.1% of the variance in social function in the schizophrenia group. Our results suggest that a total EI score is not a useful predictor of overall social function and it may be more clinically useful to develop an individual profile of social cognitive abilities, including EI, to form a remediation program.","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2012 ","pages":"495174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/495174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31152626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

The PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Reduces Prepulse Inhibition Disruption in a Neurodevelopmental Model of Schizophrenia. ppara激动剂非诺贝特在精神分裂症神经发育模型中减少脉冲前抑制中断。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-05-15 DOI: 10.1155/2012/839853

Benjamin Rolland, Kevin Marche, Olivier Cottencin, Régis Bordet

{"title":"The PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Reduces Prepulse Inhibition Disruption in a Neurodevelopmental Model of Schizophrenia.","authors":"Benjamin Rolland, Kevin Marche, Olivier Cottencin, Régis Bordet","doi":"10.1155/2012/839853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/839853","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress has been implicated in neurodevelopmental theories of schizophrenia. Antioxidant Peroxysome Proliferator-Activated Receptors α (PPARα) agonist fenofibrate has neuroprotective properties and could reverse early preclinical infringements that could trigger the illness. We have evaluated the neuroprotective interest of fenofibrate in a neurodevelopmental rat model of schizophrenia. The oxidative lesion induced by Kainic Acid (KA) injection at postnatal day (PND) 7 has previously been reported to disrupt Prepulse Inhibition (PPI) at PND56 but not at PND35. In 4 groups of 15 male rats each, KN (KA-PND7 + normal postweaning food), KF (KA-PND7 + fenofibrate 0.2% food), ON (saline-PND7 + normal food), and OF (saline + fenofibrate food), PPI was recorded at PND35 and PND56. Three levels of prepulse were used: 73 dB, 76 dB, and 82 dB for a pulse at 120 dB. Four PPI scores were analyzed: PPI73, PPI76, PPI82, and mean PPI (PPIm). Two-way ANOVAs were used to evaluate the effects of both factors (KA + fenofibrate), and, in case of significant results, intergroup Student's t-tests were performed. We notably found a significant difference (P < 0.05) in PPIm between groups KN and KF at PND56, which supposes that fenofibrate could be worthy of interest for early neuroprotection in schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2012 ","pages":"839853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/839853","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30896091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Sex differences in facial, prosodic, and social context emotional recognition in early-onset schizophrenia. 早发性精神分裂症患者面部、韵律和社会情境情绪识别的性别差异。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/584725

Julieta Ramos-Loyo, Leonor Mora-Reynoso, Luis Miguel Sánchez-Loyo, Virginia Medina-Hernández

{"title":"Sex differences in facial, prosodic, and social context emotional recognition in early-onset schizophrenia.","authors":"Julieta Ramos-Loyo, Leonor Mora-Reynoso, Luis Miguel Sánchez-Loyo, Virginia Medina-Hernández","doi":"10.1155/2012/584725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/584725","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to determine sex differences in facial, prosodic, and social context emotional recognition in schizophrenia (SCH). Thirty-eight patients (SCH, 20 females) and 38 healthy controls (CON, 20 females) participated in the study. Clinical scales (BPRS and PANSS) and an Affective States Scale were applied, as well as tasks to evaluate facial, prosodic, and within a social context emotional recognition. SCH showed lower accuracy and longer response times than CON, but no significant sex differences were observed in either facial or prosody recognition. In social context emotions, however, females showed higher empathy than males with respect to happiness in both groups. SCH reported being more identified with sad films than CON and females more with fear than males. The results of this study confirm the deficits of emotional recognition in male and female patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy subjects. Sex differences were detected in relation to social context emotions and facial and prosodic recognition depending on age.","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2012 ","pages":"584725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/584725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30900410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Gender differences in remission and recovery of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients: preliminary results of a prospective cohort study. 精神分裂症和分裂情感性患者缓解和恢复的性别差异:一项前瞻性队列研究的初步结果。

IF 2.4

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-01-16 DOI: 10.1155/2012/576369

Bernardo Carpiniello, Federica Pinna, Massimo Tusconi, Enrico Zaccheddu, Francesca Fatteri

{"title":"Gender differences in remission and recovery of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients: preliminary results of a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Bernardo Carpiniello, Federica Pinna, Massimo Tusconi, Enrico Zaccheddu, Francesca Fatteri","doi":"10.1155/2012/576369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/576369","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper was to evaluate rates of clinical remission and recovery according to gender in a cohort of chronic outpatients attending a university community mental health center who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-IV-TR. A sample of 100 consecutive outpatients (70 males and 30 females) underwent comprehensive psychiatric evaluation using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis of Axis I and II DSM-IV (SCID-I and SCID-II, Version R) and an assessment of psychopathology, social functioning, clinical severity, subjective wellbeing, and quality of life, respectively by means of PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), PSP (Personal and Social Performance), CGI-SCH (Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale), SWN-S (Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptics-scale), and WHOQOL (WHO Quality of Life). Rates of clinical remission and recovery according to different criteria were calculated by gender. Higher rates of clinical remission and recovery were generally observed in females than males, a result consistent with literature data. Overall findings from the paper support the hypothesis of a better outcome of the disorders in women, even in the very long term.","PeriodicalId":45388,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment","volume":"2012 ","pages":"576369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/576369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30895630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54