Journal of Osteoporosis最新文献

{"title":"Prevention of Osteoporosis in the Ovariectomized Rat by Oral Administration of a Nutraceutical Combination That Stimulates Nitric Oxide Production.","authors":"Rebecca A Rajfer,&nbsp;Manuel Flores,&nbsp;Andrea Abraham,&nbsp;Eduardo Garcia,&nbsp;Natalhy Hinojosa,&nbsp;Mina Desai,&nbsp;Jorge N Artaza,&nbsp;Monica G Ferrini","doi":"10.1155/2019/1592328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1592328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis represents an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. As a result of low estrogen levels, it is markedly prevalent during menopause, thus making such patients susceptible to fractures. Both bone formation and resorption are modulated by nitric oxide (NO). Currently, there are no risk-free pharmaceutical prevention therapies for osteoporosis. COMB-4, a nutraceutical combination of Paullinia cupana, Muira puama, ginger, and L-citrulline, known to activate the NO-cGMP pathway, was reported to accelerate fracture healing in the rat. To determine whether COMB-4 could be effective in preventing menopausal osteoporosis, it was compared to estradiol (E2) in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat osteoporosis model. Nine-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into SHAM, OVX, OVX+E2, and OVX+COMB-4. After 100 days of treatment, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured by DXA scan. TRAP staining was performed in the femur and lumbar vertebrae. TRACP 5b and osteocalcin levels were assayed in the serum. MC3T3-E1 cells were differentiated into osteoblasts and treated with COMB-4 for one week in order to evaluate calcium deposition by Alizarin staining, cGMP production by ELISA, and upregulation of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes by RT-PCR. OVX resulted in a decrease in BMD, BMC, and serum osteocalcin and an increase in serum TRACP 5b. Except for an increase in BMC with COMB-4, both E2 and COMB-4 reverted all bone and serum markers, as well as the number of osteoclasts in the vertebrae, to SHAM levels. Incubation of MC3T3-E1 cells with COMB-4 demonstrated an increase in the three NOS isoforms, cGMP, and calcium deposition. COMB-4 increased BMD in OVX rats by inhibiting bone resorption and increasing calcium deposition presumably via activation of the NO-cGMP pathway. It remains to be determined whether COMB-4 could be a potential nutraceutical therapy for the prevention of premenopausal bone loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2019 ","pages":"1592328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/1592328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37395821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Lifestyle and Food Consumption with Bone Mineral Density among People Aged 50 Years and Above Attending the Hospitals of Kathmandu, Nepal.","authors":"Narendra Kumar Chaudhary,&nbsp;Mukti Nath Timilsena,&nbsp;Dev Ram Sunuwar,&nbsp;Pranil Man Singh Pradhan,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Sangroula","doi":"10.1155/2019/1536394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1536394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone mineral density (BMD) is the measure of the minerals, mostly calcium and phosphorous, contained in certain volume of bone to diagnose osteoporosis. The aim of the study was to find out the association of lifestyle and food consumption with BMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 169 people of age 50 years and above who underwent Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) scan in the hospitals of Kathmandu valley of Nepal. Food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall methods were followed. The DXA reports of the participants were observed to identify osteoporosis. Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and binary logistic regression were applied to explore the association of BMD with different variables.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The prevalence of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal BMD was 37.3%, 38.5%, and 24.2%, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with sex and age (AOR 3.339, CI: 1.240-8.995, p-value 0.017; AOR 3.756, CI: 1.745-8.085, p-value 0.001), respectively. Higher BMI was associated with lower odds of osteoporosis (AOR 0.428, CI: 0.209-0.877, p-value 0.020). Smoking had bad effect on the health of bone (AOR 3.848, CI: 1.179-12.558, p-value 0.026). Daily dietary calcium intake had negative association with osteoporosis with the p-value of 0.003; however, the daily consumption of vitamin D rich food had no association with osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was found in older people. Osteoporosis was found to be significantly associated with sex, age, lower BMI, smoking habit, and daily calcium consumption. Further research can be conducted by making the relationship of calcium consumption with the numerical T-value of scanned body parts.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2019 ","pages":"1536394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/1536394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37102994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of HIV-1 Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy on Bone Homeostasis and Mineral Density in Vertically Infected Patients.","authors":"D Donà,&nbsp;E Mozzo,&nbsp;D Luise,&nbsp;R Lundin,&nbsp;A Padoan,&nbsp;O Rampon,&nbsp;C Giaquinto","doi":"10.1155/2019/1279318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1279318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Daily assumption of antiretroviral drugs and HIV-related immune activation lead to important side effects, which are particularly evident in vertically infected patients. Bone homeostasis impairment and reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the most important side effects. Primary aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of bone homeostasis alterations in a group of vertically infected patients; secondary aim is to analyze the relationship between bone homeostasis alterations and anthropometric data, severity of HIV infection, and antiretroviral therapy. We studied 67 patients with vertically transmitted HIV-1 (aged 6-31 years), followed by the Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit of the University Hospital of Padua, Italy. We analyzed bone turnover markers (P1NP and CTx) and we performed lumbar spine and femoral dual energy X-ray absorption densitometry (DXA). Personal and anthropometric data and information on HIV-infection severity and antiretroviral therapy were collected for all patients. We found that BMD values recorded by DXA showed a significant correlation with age, race, BMI, physical activity, and antiretroviral therapy duration. P1NP was increased in 43% of patients, while CTX in 61% of them. P1NP alteration was related to age, race, BMI, physical activity, therapy duration, and ever use of protease inhibitors and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors. CTX alteration was found to be correlated only with age. In conclusion, our study confirms that a wide percentage of HIV vertically infected patients show reduced BMD and impaired bone homeostasis. Strict monitoring is needed in order to early identify and treat these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2019 ","pages":"1279318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/1279318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36906379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Bone Mass: An Overview of Pathophysiologic Mechanisms.","authors":"Ahmad M Al-Bashaireh,&nbsp;Linda G Haddad,&nbsp;Michael Weaver,&nbsp;Xing Chengguo,&nbsp;Debra Lynch Kelly,&nbsp;Saunjoo Yoon","doi":"10.1155/2018/1206235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1206235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent evidence demonstrates that tobacco smoking causes an imbalance in bone turnover, leading to lower bone mass and making bone vulnerable to osteoporosis and fracture. Tobacco smoke influences bone mass indirectly through alteration of body weight, parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis, adrenal hormones, sex hormones, and increased oxidative stress on bony tissues. Also, tobacco smoke influences bone mass through a direct effect on osteogenesis and angiogenesis of bone. A RANKL-RANK-OPG pathway is an essential regulatory pathway for bone metabolism and its importance lies in its interaction with most of the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which smoking influences bone mass. Both first- and secondhand smoke adversely affect bone mass; smoking cessation seems to reverse the effect of smoking and improve bone health. Recent advances in research on bone turnover markers could advance scientific knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which smoking may influence bone mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"1206235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/1206235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36843505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Endothelio- and Osteoprotective Effects of Combination of Rosuvastatin with L-Norvaline in Experiment.","authors":"M S Sobolev, A V Faitelson, O S Gudyrev, D S R Rajkumar, G M Dubrovin, A V Anikanov, N U Koklina, E S Chernomortseva","doi":"10.1155/2018/1585749","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2018/1585749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experiment was carried out on 120 female white Wistar rats, to study the endothelio- and osteoprotective action of the combination of rosuvastatin with L-norvaline in the model of experimental osteoporosis. It was found that, after ovariectomy in rats, endothelial dysfunction of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed of bone tissue develops, leading to the appearance of osteoporosis, but the combination of the studied drugs prevents the decrease in the level of microcirculation in the bone tissue, thereby preventing the thinning of bone trabeculae and preventing the occurrence of microfractures in them.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"1585749"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6241240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36800291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FRAX Calculated without BMD Resulting in a Higher Fracture Risk Than That Calculated with BMD in Women with Early Breast Cancer.","authors":"Rizky Suganda Prawiradilaga,&nbsp;Victoria Gunmalm,&nbsp;Trine Lund-Jacobsen,&nbsp;Eva Wulff Helge,&nbsp;Charlotte Brøns,&nbsp;Michael Andersson,&nbsp;Peter Schwarz","doi":"10.1155/2018/4636028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4636028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of including the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) in reliable fracture risk assessment for women diagnosed with early nonmetastatic breast cancer (EBC) before AI treatment if zoledronic acid is not an option.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>One hundred and sixteen women with EBC were included in the study before initiating AI treatment. Most participants were osteopenic. The 10-year probability of hip fracture and major osteoporotic fracture was calculated with and without BMD based on clinical information collected at baseline using the fracture risk assessment (FRAX) tool. To compare data, the nonparametric tests were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference (p<0.001) in the number of high-risk and low-risk FRAX score of hip fracture between before and after including BMD values. The high-risk category decreased by 50.9%, while the low-risk category increased by 42.9%. In FRAX score of major osteoporotic the findings were similar (p<0.001): The high-risk and moderate-risk category decreased by 70.4% and 4.9%, respectively, while the low-risk category increased by 43.8% when including BMD value. When stratified by age, patients aged 65 years or older were at a significantly (p<0.001) higher risk of suffering a hip or major osteoporotic fracture, highlighting the importance of including BMD measurements in this age group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data support that DXA scanning of women with EBC should be performed to avoid overestimation of osteoporosis before AI treatment. It is particularly important in patients older than 65 years of age and when zoledronic acid is not an option.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"4636028"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/4636028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36843504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Hip Fractures in Two Regions of Ukraine.","authors":"V V Povoroznyuk,&nbsp;N V Grygorieva,&nbsp;J A Kanis,&nbsp;E V McCloskey,&nbsp;H Johansson,&nbsp;S S Strafun,&nbsp;M O Korzh,&nbsp;V M Vaida,&nbsp;F V Klymovytsky,&nbsp;V S Forosenko,&nbsp;R O Vlasenko","doi":"10.1155/2018/7182873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7182873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, the number of hip fractures, the most important osteoporotic complication in the elderly, continues to increase in line with the ageing of the population. In some countries, however, including the Ukraine, data on the incidence of hip fracture are limited. This article describes the first analysis to characterize the incidence of hip fracture in the Ukrainian population from the age of 40 years. It is based on data from two regional studies, namely, the Vinnitsa city study and the STOP study, which were performed during 1997-2002 and 2011-2012 years, respectively. Hip fracture incidence rates were demonstrated to increase with increasing age. The rates were higher among younger men than women, however, with a female preponderance from the age of 65 years upwards. The incidence of hip fractures in Ukraine is 255.5 per 100,000 for women aged 50 years and older and 197.8 per 100,000 for men of the corresponding age. Overall, the incidence of hip fracture was comparable with data from neighboring countries, such as Poland and Romania. Hip fractures constitute a serious healthcare problem in Ukraine, and changes in healthcare are required to improve the management and long-term care of osteoporosis and its complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"7182873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/7182873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36285474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic Control and Bone Turnover in Older Mexican Americans with Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Nahid J Rianon,&nbsp;Scott M Smith,&nbsp;MinJae Lee,&nbsp;Hannah Pervin,&nbsp;Paul Musgrave,&nbsp;Gordon P Watt,&nbsp;Shahla Nader,&nbsp;Sundeep Khosla,&nbsp;Catherine G Ambrose,&nbsp;Joseph B McCormick,&nbsp;Susan P Fisher-Hoch","doi":"10.1155/2018/7153021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7153021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered bone quality, caused by underlying metabolic changes of type 2 diabetes (T2D), has been hypothesized to cause altered bone strength and turnover leading to increased fracture risk in T2D patients. Current understanding about changes in bone turnover markers in T2D patients is mainly based on studies focused on Caucasian men and women. However, Hispanic populations have the highest prevalence of both T2D and osteoporosis in the US. We investigated associations of glycemic control (in terms of glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) and bone turnover rate in 69 older (≥50 years) Mexican American Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC) participants with T2D. Multivariable analyses were conducted to assess the associations between HbA1c (%), serum osteocalcin (OC), and serum sclerostin. In agreement with published reports from other racial/ethnic populations, our study found that lower bone turnover (indicated by lower serum OC) occurred in Mexican American men with T2D who had poorer glycemic control. For the women in our study, we found no significant association between glycemic control and OC. In contrast, HbA1c was positively associated with sclerostin for women, with near significance (<i>p</i> = 0.07), while no association was found in men. We recommend screening Mexican American individuals with T2D, specifically those with poor glycemic control, for bone loss and fracture risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"7153021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/7153021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36189332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Potential Extensions of the US FRAX Algorithm\".","authors":"Journal Of Osteoporosis","doi":"10.1155/2018/3021801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3021801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2012/528790.].</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"3021801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/3021801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36178589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Multifaceted Osteoporosis Group Education on Patients' Decision-Making regarding Treatment Options and Lifestyle Changes.","authors":"Annesofie L Jensen,&nbsp;Gitte Wind,&nbsp;Bente Lomholt Langdahl,&nbsp;Kirsten Lomborg","doi":"10.1155/2018/9703602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9703602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with chronic diseases like osteoporosis constantly have to make decisions related to their disease. Multifaceted osteoporosis group education (GE) may support patients' decision-making. This study investigated multifaceted osteoporosis GE focusing on the impact of GE on patients' decision-making related to treatment options and lifestyle.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An interpretive description design using ethnographic methods was utilized with 14 women and three men diagnosed with osteoporosis who attended multifaceted GE. Data consisted of participant observation during GE and individual interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Attending GE had an impact on the patients' decision-making in all educational themes. Patients decided on new ways to manage osteoporosis and made decisions regarding bone health and how to implement a lifestyle ensuring bone health. During GE, teachers and patients shared evidence-based knowledge and personal experiences and preferences, respectively, leading to a two-way exchange of information and deliberation about recommendations. Though teachers and patients explored the implications of the decisions and shared their preferences, teachers stressed that the patients ultimately had to make the decision. Teachers therefore refrained from participating in the final step of the decision-making process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Attending GE has an impact on the patients' decision-making as it can initiate patient reflection and support decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":45384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteoporosis","volume":"2018 ","pages":"9703602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/9703602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36118031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}