Journal of Rural and Community Development最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Extension Program Delivery Methods as Perceived by the Central Vietnamese Extension Workers","authors":"H. Hoang","doi":"10.12691/ajrd-6-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajrd-6-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"Success of extension programs depends upon appropriateness of extension delivery methods used. It can be argued that if we know what extension methods are appropriate to specific farmers, then it is possible to deliver extension programs which meet farmers’ needs and help bring about changes - knowledge, skills, attitudes, and practices of farmers. A cross-sectional survey research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of extension delivery methods used in the Central region of Vietnam. A five-point Likert scale which ranged from 1= very ineffective to 5= very effective was used to measure the effectiveness of extension delivery methods. Descriptive statistical analysis methods were used to analyze collected data. Findings show extension methods including: training, farmer-to-farmer extension, farmers’ group meetings, and farm/home visits were most effective. In contrast, extension methods including the use of radio programs, posters, and booklets were not effective.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"6 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86921455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cropping Sequence in Micro-Scale Vegetable Gardens in the Northwest Region of Cameroon","authors":"Shu Godlove, N. JulesRenéMinkoua, E. Molua","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-6-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-6-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-scale agriculture plays a key role in Cameroon’s economy. However, poor farm planning and suboptimal sequencing of farm operations among other factors tend to frustrate farmers, resulting to mismanagement of the often meager resources at their disposal. This study sought to find out an annual cropping pattern or sequence for vegetable farmers that maximizes annual returns and enhances the optimal allocation and utilization of farm resources amidst weather risks and climate variability. With the case of the Northwest Region of Cameroon, this study made use of primary data collected with the help of a questionnaire administered to randomly sampled vegetable farmers from 6 preselected farm communities. Dynamic programming techniques were applied to estimate a recursive farm model. This study identified three cropping seasons per year, the cultivation of five main classes of vegetables and over 15 species in the study area. The findings of this work further specified that vegetable farming was most profitable during the drier periods of the year. Farmers were advised to priorities the cultivation of the fruit vegetables during the first and third cropping seasons while the leafy vegetables were advised to be prioritized during the second cropping season (fruit-leafy-fruit vegetable cropping sequence). The findings of this work justified that adjusting cropping patterns as recommended, without a necessary increase in resource use, a farmer can make an annual profit of 5155307 FCFA, which is significantly higher than the average profit of 4298909.667 FCFA realized from cultivating of all the five vegetable enterprise combinations in the study area.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78233313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economics of foodgrain Crops in Himachal Pradesh: A Study of Solan District","authors":"S. Kumari","doi":"10.12691/ajrd-6-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajrd-6-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Main purpose of the study is to determine the cost structure, profit margin and returns to scale of foodgrain crops. Foodgrain crops selected for investigation are wheat, maize and paddy. Solan district was selected purposively. Data have been collected by personal interviews. Per hectare cost of cultivation of wheat, maize and paddy worked out as size-wise of holding and compared the cost of these crops and found that medium farms had maximum cultivation cost because their farm size were large, gross returns and net returns also worked out. Further Cobb- Douglous production function has been to get the estimates of elasticities of the inputs land, human labour, bullock labour, manure& fertilizers, seeds and capital. Results show that inputs have significant impact on the production of foodgrain crops and also show constant, increasing and decreasing returns to scale.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"49 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82605407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The participatory market chain approach: Stimulating innovations along the indigenous African leafy vegetables market chain","authors":"Losira S. Nasirumbi, P. Lusembo, K. Scow, D. Magala, M. Allen, Robinah N. Gafabusa, W. Nakyagaba, I. Mugisa, Samuel Mwebe, Abraham Solomon, S. Mayanja","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.280067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.280067","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) play a significant role in alleviating hidden hunger and malnutrition and contribute to income security for smallholder farmers. However, their potential to contribute to food, nutrition and income security has not been fully realized due to dysfunctional market chains. The Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA), which aims to stimulate gender-responsive innovations in commodity chains, was used to improve the performance of ALVs market chains in central Uganda. This paper presents the results of applying the PMCA in a phased manner on the ALV commodity chain in the context of a collaborative research project implemented in central Uganda. Phase 1 of the project interfaced with 121 chain actors and subquently, 70 and 103 actors and stakeholders participated in phase 2 and phase 3 activities, respectively. Through this collaborative process, iterative learning, stronger linkages and trust were built amongst the chain actors leading to synergies that resulted in benefits to all. Commercial, technical and institutional innovations were generated including new products such as a nutritional powder made of dried Solanum aethiopicum, Baghia and an enriched peanut butter. A platform of 54 chain actors was formed to jointly address challenges and harness opportunities in the future. Process facilitators’ capacity to broker multi-stakeholder innovations was improved. New research areas related to cultivar descriptors for selected ALVs, postharvest management and business development support services emerged that triggered new research projects. The PMCA contributed to change in perceptions about ALVs, better incomes, knowledge and skills among market chain actors, establishment of beneficial linkages and improved capacity for innovation. The research re-emphasises the importance of a market approach towards improving and uplifting value chains of low profile crops which play a major role in sustaining livelihoods of smallholders farmers and women.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"677-694"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74951600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers’ Access to ICT Based Media in Receiving Farm Information: A Grassroots Level Study from Bangladesh","authors":"A. Khalak, M. A. Sarker, M. Uddin","doi":"10.12691/ajrd-6-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajrd-6-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Information is one of the vital factors of production while ICT to provide efficient and effective information. Thus, the study was undertaken mainly to determine farmers’ extent of access to ICT based media in receiving agricultural information. Besides, important factors associated with farmers’ extent of access to ICT based media were also explored. The study was conducted at Fulbaria upazila (sub-district) under Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Eighty (80) farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire to collect the data. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were used to interpret the trend and tendencies of collected data. The findings of the study revealed that the majority (81.2 percent) of the respondents had low access to ICT while only 3.8 percent had medium access and 15.0 percent of them having no access to ICT based media. The step-wise multiple regression results explored that availability of ICTs, knowledge on ICT and training received on ICTs were identified as influential factors in case of increasing the extent of farmers’ access to ICT based media. Lack of operational knowledge of computer, poor level of education, lack of training facilities on ICT, insufficient numbers of ICT centre, poor knowledge on the availability of ICT based facilities, lack of personal interest were identified as the major constraints faced by the farmers to access to ICTs based media.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85777353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s vulnerability in bean value chain development at the Maendeleo innovation platform, Eastern DRC","authors":"R. Kalibwani, S. Nyamwaro, B. Wimba, A. Muke, M. Kakuru, M. Tenywa, J. Mugabo, R. Buruchara","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.280064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.280064","url":null,"abstract":"Value chain development in post conflict countries should not only deal with the technical issues of the value chain, but with women’s gender needs, and even more critically understand and address their vulnerabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the vulnerabilities of women involved in a bean value chain development intervention at the Maendeloe Innovation Platform in Eastern DRC. Specifically, the paper first discusses the roles of women and men in the value chain, what production resources and benefits they access and control, the role of the IP as a vehicle for women’s empowerment, and identifies women’s gender needs. Secondly, the paper identifies women’s vulnerabilities, and the capacities that the IP could build on, to support their participation in bean value chain development. Using gender analysis tools, the study shows that in addition to the lack of control of productive resources, household assets and the benefits of their labour, women have been traumatized by the rampant sexual violation and gender-based violence in the region. The innovation platform should consider including legal, mental health and psychosocial counselling service providers as stakeholders in its activities to develop the bean value chain.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"85 1","pages":"633-649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79005439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis on the Effect of Farmer’s Health on Production Performance in the Kumba Municipality of Cameroon","authors":"Ewala S. Oyang, Martin Paul Jr. Tabe‐Ojong, E. Molua","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-6-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-6-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in productivity analysis show the importance of human capital in driving productivity and reducing inefficiency in production. Based on this premise, we profile and analyze the effect of farmer’s health on production performance in the Kumba municipality of the Southwest region of Cameroon. We sought to assess the share of poor health conditions on farm performance. Problems like malnutrition, poor values and habits amongst others, usually lead to farmer’s poor health. We tested this hypothesis with the use of robust statistics and the Ordinary Least square technique to capture the relationship between farmers output, poor health and other important determinants. The study found the health conditions of farmers to be a critical and positive determinant of farm performance. The amount of labour hours is also observed to positively influence farm production. Other significant variables are farm size and amount of pesticide used. We therefore recommend to policy, increased investment in the health sector to urgently and increasingly address the health conditions of farmers in a bid to improve their health conditions while targeting food production in the long run.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"42 6 1","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77636879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Center for Village Economic Growth: The Case Study of Lombok Barat Regency, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia","authors":"Yodfiatfinda, Muhammad Rizal Taufikurahman, Y. Atma","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-6-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-6-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the leading sector or basis sector to be prioritized in developing the center of economic growth in rural areas of Lombok Barat Regency, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province. The method used is Location Quotient (LQ). The analysis result shows that the leading sector in Lombok Barat Regency, where the LQ value is greater than 1 for the period of 2010-2013 were electricity, gas and clean water, construction and services sector, while the others including to non-base sector. During 2010 to 2013 the basis sector in Lombok Barat Regency has changed slightly each year. This is indicated by the decline in productivity in the manufacturing sector in 2012 to 2013, so the sector is no longer become a basis sector in Lombok Barat Regency. However, for the long term, the center of rural economic growth is not only based on one basis sector alone because of the dynamics of development that causes the change. Recently, the Lombok Barat Government prioritizes the tourism sector, so that it can be a leading sector even not becoming a basis in establishing a center of rural economic growth. Refer to the results of the study, we propose the Government of Lombok Regency to prioritize electricity, gas and clean water in developing center of economic growth.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80040166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of market participation for smallholder cassava processors in north and north-eastern Uganda","authors":"B. Mugonola, Winnifred Ajok, D. Ongeng","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.280038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.280038","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) is a crop of global significance especially in the tropics where it is a source of food, animal feeds and industrial starch. However, the rapid Post- Harvest Physiological Deterioration (PPD), bulkiness of fresh cassava roots and high toxicity of some cassava varieties prohibits prolonged marketing and market participation of smallholder farmers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in north and north-eastern Uganda to ascertain the drivers of market participation for smallholder cassava farmers. Data were collected using pre-tested questionnaires administered to 185 randomly selected respondents and using STATA package, a two stage Heckman’s model was fitted involving a Probit model and OLS regression in the first and second stages, respectively. Results of the first stage Probit model revealed that farm land size, market distance, size of household, transport cost and off-farm annual income significantly (P<0.05) influenced the market participation decisions of smallholder cassava processors. In the OLS regression of the outcomes model, gender, market distance, contract marketing, marketing experience, education level, and land allocated to cassava production and group marketing significantly increased the sales revenues of processed cassava products. Our findings indicate that socio-economic and institutional factors are important in stimulating smallholder cassava farmers’ market participation. Therefore, policy support is needed in the areas of contract marketing, processing to prolong cassava shelf-life, strengthen market access conditions and lift smallholder farmers from income poverty.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"81 1","pages":"549-563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88796362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poultry farmer perceptions of agricultural advisory services involving value addition and marketing in Wakiso district Uganda","authors":"R. Sebuliba-Mutumba, P. Kibwika, F. Kyazze","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.280030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.280030","url":null,"abstract":"Successful agricultural innovations depend inter alia, upon farmer perception of introduced programmes. The present study determined farmer perceptions of the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and how these affected innovative technology adoption practices in poultry management in Wakiso district in central Uganda. Social demographic attributes (SDAs) data and perceptions of the NAADS were captured quantitatively using interviews from self-reported survey questionnaires with 231 poultry farmers. Measured perception factors included: attitude, social influence, skills, knowledge and belief about capabilities. Results showed farmer perceptions to be significantly influenced by farmer SDA ‘experience’ and ‘education level’. While ‘attitude’ played a small but significant role, perception factors ‘skills’ and ‘social Influence’ contributed significantly to farmer intentions towards innovative technology adoption. To enhance intentions towards adoption of innovative advisory services, value addition and marketing, farmer SDAs and perception beliefs need to be considered.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"31 1 1","pages":"497-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76492820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}