Economic Anthropology最新文献_第7页

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12255

引用次数: 0

States of faḍl or stating faḍl: On the value of indebtedness for Iraqi exiles in Jordan fa州ḍl或说明faḍl：论约旦境内伊拉克流亡者的债务价值

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12283

Abdulla Majeed

{"title":"States of faḍl or stating faḍl: On the value of indebtedness for Iraqi exiles in Jordan","authors":"Abdulla Majeed","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sea2.12283","url":null,"abstract":"A condition of excess characterizes Iraqi exiles' everyday life in Jordan: excesses of waiting and anticipation, bureaucratic work, and aspirations for future benevolent governance. To grapple with this excess, they have had to develop strategies that render their lives in exile more manageable. Despite being hosted as “guests” of the Hashemite monarchy—an ambitious status evoking notions of pan-Arab solidarity and Arab traditions of hospitality—this status does not guarantee or grant them access to substantive citizenship rights. In light of this, Iraqi exiles who arrived in Jordan following the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 have often found themselves dependent on potentially injurious ways to navigate their presence. One of these strategies are relations and practices of faḍl, a form of exchange governed by a foreclosure of reciprocity and necessity of public recognition. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among what I refer to as the Iraqi exilic milieu in Jordan, this article examines how, in the absence and denial of expected forms of exchange, the circulation of stately faḍl and its cooptation by ordinary people articulate new notions and practices of valuable yet nevertheless wounding citizenship.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sea2.12283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxation and the Polanyian forms of integration in socialist and postsocialist Hungary 社会主义和后社会主义匈牙利的税收与波兰尼一体化形式

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12288

Chris Hann

{"title":"Taxation and the Polanyian forms of integration in socialist and postsocialist Hungary","authors":"Chris Hann","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sea2.12288","url":null,"abstract":"Reciprocity, redistribution, and (market) exchange were the “forms of integration” put forward by Karl Polanyi as a “special tool box” to investigate relations between economy and society where the principle of price-forming markets is not (yet) dominant. Though intended as the basis for a comparative alternative to the universalist assumptions of mainstream (neoclassical) economics, Polanyi did not make significant use of these concepts to analyze the noncapitalist societies of his day. This article investigates his Hungarian homeland, which in four decades of socialism evolved from Stalinist central planning to a mixed economy in which (re)distribution was supplemented by the expansion of market exchange, with personal taxation playing a negligible role. The constellation of (re)distribution and market has changed significantly in the postsocialist (neoliberal) era, but Scandinavian-type societal reciprocity has remained elusive. Long after admission to the European Union, Hungarian fiscal and social policy regimes are distinctive as the market form of integration combines with low taxation and political interventions to (re)distribute resources (including transfer income from the EU) to support the formation of a national bourgeoisie. Theoretically, the perspective of the socialist Karl Polanyi is contrasted with that of the liberal institutionalist economist János Kornai.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"11 1","pages":"6-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sea2.12288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135792473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The value of values: Sufficiency among single-person businesses in the United States 价值观的价值：美国个人企业的充分性

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12289

Dawn R. Rivers

{"title":"The value of values: Sufficiency among single-person businesses in the United States","authors":"Dawn R. Rivers","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sea2.12289","url":null,"abstract":"According to the cultural consensus model of business ownership in the United States, business entities seek to grow both in organization size and in revenues. To borrow the framing used by Patrick Bigger and Morgan Robertson (2017), business firms create value for their owners and/or shareholders through growth and maximization of profit, but the underlying societal value of business growth is the foundational semiotic value of the orderly conduct of US society, which, it could be argued, flows from the moralized, economic value (Braverman, [1974] 1998) of human material well-being. In this article, I examine nonemployer (single-person) businesses in the context of the economic values of capitalism and the fundamental societal values underlying the capitalist values. In doing so, I ask: What is the noneconomic value contributed to the United States by its 27 million nonemployer business firms? What value does the operation of a nonemployer business firm offer to its owner? My research suggests that nonemployer business firms, through practices of sufficiency, create both economic and social value for their owners. Their foundational societal semiotic value is self-produced, material self-sufficiency, which flows from the almost-mythically American values of independence, freedom, and humility.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50155608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Southern politics, southern power prices: Race, utility regulation, and the value of energy 南方政治，南方电价:种族，公用事业监管和能源价值

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12279

Kristin D. Phillips

{"title":"Southern politics, southern power prices: Race, utility regulation, and the value of energy","authors":"Kristin D. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sea2.12279","url":null,"abstract":"For many middle-income households, paying the electricity bill is a mundane, even mindless, act. But for an ever-increasing number of low-income families, the electricity bill—filtered through the racialized materiality of poor-quality housing stock and antidemocratic price regulation—represents something more ominous: looming disconnection, eviction, and a deep spin of vulnerabilities. This article explores the materiality of race in the US South through the prism of southern utilities and maps the political landscape on which contestations over the value of energy are taking place. I ask, how do different conceptualizations of value by utilities, regulators, and energy justice advocates figure into the price of energy and racialized dispossession in the Deep South? I draw attention to the highly elaborated narrative politics of the value of Georgia Power's energy. In conversation with recent anthropological debates about value and “the just price,” I argue that Georgia Power's monopoly on public power engages and reinforces the racialized political economy of the South to produce high home energy prices for low-income families. But it also provokes a decryption of these energy prices by energy justice advocates that connects the silent violence of energy injustice to people's everyday experiences of extractive utility bills.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"197-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48272819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fractured Ownership and the Tragedy of the Anticommons in Hawai‘i 所有权断裂与夏威夷反共产主义的悲剧

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12287

Danae G. Khorasani

引用次数: 1

Value as ethics: Climate change, crisis, and the struggle for the future 作为伦理的价值观：气候变化、危机和对未来的斗争

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12286

Sean Field

引用次数: 1

Textures of value: Tactility, experience, and exclusion in the cashmere commodity chain 价值纹理:触感、体验和羊绒商品链中的排他性

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12280

Kathryn E. Graber

{"title":"Textures of value: Tactility, experience, and exclusion in the cashmere commodity chain","authors":"Kathryn E. Graber","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sea2.12280","url":null,"abstract":"Cashmere provides an ideal material for examining how humans co-opt tangible and intangible qualities into their ascription of value. The fiber's relative worth lies at the intersection of its tangible qualities (e.g., softness, lightness, strength) and intangible qualities (e.g., rarity, history, authenticity, sustainability). Mediating the relationship between those qualities are actors with very different stakes: the families of Mongolian herders who comb goats together each spring, the brokers and buyers who weigh it and feel it to adjudicate it for fashion houses, and the advertisers and marketers who decide what is desirable in global markets of end consumers. This article examines three nodes in the production and circulation of Mongolian cashmere to show how different forms of value—economic, social, linguistic, moral—accrue to material goods and travel, or not, from one context to another. I focus on interactions as moments of qualic evaluation. Here embodied, tactile experiences of qualia—which might seem to be immune to perceptual difference and “outside culture”—in fact differ. The example shows how valuation in a transnational commodity chain depends on both exploiting semiotic gaps in the chain and nonetheless meeting a threshold of commensurability, neither of which is divorceable from physicality.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"186-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sea2.12280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42203314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Valuing and devaluing: Struggles over social payments, dignity, and sneakers 估价和贬值：为社会支付、尊严和运动鞋而斗争

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12282

Lindsay DuBois

{"title":"Valuing and devaluing: Struggles over social payments, dignity, and sneakers","authors":"Lindsay DuBois","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sea2.12282","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the valuation struggles around Argentina's Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social (AUH), a large conditional cash transfer (CCT) program introduced in 2009. Thinking about value as a verb invites us to move away from reified notions and to consider the work differently positioned social actors do to value and devalue specific ideas, practices, people, and things. The article identifies two broad perspectives on the AUH, one that frames the social payments as an entitlement based on the rights of children and the other that frames the AUH as social assistance or help. There were many reasons to believe the AUH would have broad social support, yet most people, even most beneficiaries, saw the AUH as assistance rather than a right. Two other key concepts at play are work and dignity. These diverse views intersect—surprisingly—in discussion around sneakers, a topic that every interview and commentary on the AUH seems eventually to mention. Sneakers appear as a sign of dignity or as evidence of misspent government funds. This article thus attends to how political struggles are centrally about the practices of valuing and devaluing specific kinds of people.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"233-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sea2.12282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The “Department of Human Needs”: Renewable energy and the water–energy–land nexus in Zanzibar “人类需求部”：桑给巴尔的可再生能源和水-能源-土地关系

IF 0.9 4区社会学

Economic Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/sea2.12281

Erin Dean

{"title":"The “Department of Human Needs”: Renewable energy and the water–energy–land nexus in Zanzibar","authors":"Erin Dean","doi":"10.1002/sea2.12281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sea2.12281","url":null,"abstract":"In designating its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations invoked the “water–energy–land (WEL) nexus” to emphasize the interconnections between different policy sectors and accentuate the importance of an integrated approach to human and environmental welfare. Identifying the WEL nexus draws attention to the interplay of technical and moral values, the intersections or overlaps between these values, and the areas where values conflict, tradeoffs happen, and priorities are set or shifted. And within this WEL resource nexus, the development and expansion of renewable energy technologies has the potential to redefine and reorder the balance of values. The archipelago of Zanzibar, a semiautonomous protectorate within the East African nation of Tanzania, is currently making complex energy choices that highlight the significance and fragility of this resource nexus and the role of renewable energy in reshaping it. In this article, I draw on ethnographic research in peri-urban Zanzibari communities to consider how the WEL nexus in Zanzibar is generated by and generative of complex gradations of value and to explore how the development of renewable energy technologies, particularly solar technology, is both entrenching and transforming the linkages between energy, water, and land in Zanzibar.","PeriodicalId":45372,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology","volume":"10 2","pages":"246-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2