IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2073689

Susan L. Cohen

引用次数: 0

Michael Hamilton Burgoyne 1944–2021

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2040867

Denys Pringle

引用次数: 0

Funerary dining or offerings for the dead? An archaeobotanical analysis of remains from shaft tombs in Petra, Jordan 葬礼还是为死者提供的食物？约旦佩特拉竖井墓遗迹的古植物学分析

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287

J. Ramsay, M. Perry

{"title":"Funerary dining or offerings for the dead? An archaeobotanical analysis of remains from shaft tombs in Petra, Jordan","authors":"J. Ramsay, M. Perry","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient literary sources from the Hellenistic and Roman world describe the wide-spread practices of funerary feasting and supplying offerings for the deceased. However, the funerary customs of the Nabataeans are still not clearly understood within this broader cultural sphere. Evidence for feasting in Nabataean mortuary contexts largely relies on ceramic and faunal remains but rarely are plant remains included in these analyses. This paper presents archaeobotanical evidence from Nabatean-period tomb deposits from Petra, Jordan, to highlight the role plants played in this type of ritual context. Analysis of samples taken from eight rock-cut shaft tombs, excavated over three seasons (2012, 2014 and 2016), on the North Ridge of Petra, indicates the presence of a variety foodstuffs such as Triticum sp. (wheats), Hordeum vulgare (barley), Lens culinaris (lentil), Vitis vinifera (grape), Ficus carica (fig), Olea europaea (olive) and Phoenix dactylifera (date). These finds provide intriguing evidence of plants consumed or used as offerings during funerary ritual events. This study, in association with the analysis of bioarchaeological remains and ceramics expands our knowledge of Nabataean funerary practices and contributes to a broader understanding of the role of plants in ritual funerary events in the ancient world.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43552450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaming and divination in the Hellenistic Levant: the case study of the astragalus assemblage from Maresha, Israel 希腊化黎凡特的游戏和占卜:以色列Maresha的黄芪组合的案例研究

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2048433

Lee Perry-Gal, Ian Stern, A. Erlich

引用次数: 0

The Crusader Lordship of Transjordan (1100–1189): settlement forms, dynamics and significance 外约旦的十字军领主(1100-1189):定居形式、动态和意义

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2033016

M. Sinibaldi

{"title":"The Crusader Lordship of Transjordan (1100–1189): settlement forms, dynamics and significance","authors":"M. Sinibaldi","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2033016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2033016","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a study of the 12th-century Crusader Lordship of Transjordan and discusses the traditional view that the principal role of this region was that of frontier of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The possibility of applying the concept of frontier to Transjordan is discussed in the context of a debate on the relationship between frontiers and castles, and of the conclusions obtained from the analysis of settlement patterns of this case study. On the basis of the documentary and archaeological data reviewed here, it is argued that the lordship had several roles, including military, political, economic and social, that were of crucial importance for the entire kingdom, to which it was tightly connected. Simply seeing the lordship and its castles as defining a frontier is not only incorrect, but also fails to reflect this region’s complexity and identity. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the common understanding that Transjordan was an isolated and peripheral region needs to be modified; instead, the elements of continuity with the rest of the kingdom were numerous and significant, to the point that several important socio-economic, military and strategic aspects of the kingdom depended largely on the existence of the Lordship of Transjordan. 1 1 The present study is based on a PhD thesis defended at Cardiff University, School of History, Archaeology and Religion, under the supervision of Prof. Denys Pringle, with the title: 'Settlement in Crusader Transjordan (1100–1189). A Historical and Archaeological Study' and published open access by Cardiff University (Sinibaldi 2014). The thesis presents a comprehensive overview of the available historical and archaeological sources on Crusader-period Transjordan; its publication is currently in progress for Archaeopress.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43543350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Raincheck: A new diachronic series of rainfall maps for Southwest Asia over the Holocene Raincheck：全新世西南亚新的历时系列降雨图

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2052660

Zarina Hewett, Michelle W. de Gruchy, D. Hill, D. Lawrence

{"title":"Raincheck: A new diachronic series of rainfall maps for Southwest Asia over the Holocene","authors":"Zarina Hewett, Michelle W. de Gruchy, D. Hill, D. Lawrence","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2052660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2052660","url":null,"abstract":"Fluctuations in climate have been associated with significant societal changes, both in the modern day and in the past. In dryland environments such as much of Southwest Asia, rainfall is often used as a proxy for soil moisture available for crop production, and in pre-industrial societies this is assumed to directly relate to food production capacity and security. However, rainfall values are commonly quoted in archaeological literature without further context. Variability between values arising from different methods and timescales are rarely considered. This is important as small changes in rainfall can have profound effects on the interpretation of sites and landscapes. Here, we present a novel set of snapshot precipitation maps for Southwest Asia between the years 10,240 BP and 300 BP, based on previously published natural archive data by Bar-Matthews and Ayalon (2004) from Soreq Cave, and a newly derived modern rainfall map. The modern map was created using station data from the years 1960–1990 and a geostatistical interpolation technique applied across 14 separate zones. We outline the steps involved in the creation of the maps and provide access to, and clear explanations of, the data and methods used. Using the hindcasted maps, two case studies to highlight why a nuanced approach to rainfall is required in the study of ancient societies are examined. Changes to the spatial extent of the so-called ‘Zone of Uncertainty’ through time, as well as land suitable for rainfed agriculture throughout time using a simple model are calculated. It is demonstrated that relatively small fluctuations in rainfall can have a significant impact on the distribution of moisture availability for the region. It is argued that archaeologists need to be aware of the sources and limitations of the rainfall data used in their interpretations, and our map series is offered as a baseline dataset.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48266969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Notes on the architecture and history of the fortifications of the island of Arwad in Syria 叙利亚阿尔瓦德岛防御工事的建筑和历史笔记

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2052659

Tarek Galal Abdelhamid

{"title":"Notes on the architecture and history of the fortifications of the island of Arwad in Syria","authors":"Tarek Galal Abdelhamid","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2052659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2052659","url":null,"abstract":"Arwad is the only inhabited island off the Syrian coast, with a long history dating back to Phoenician times (c. 2000 BC). It is a pedestrian-only island with a medieval character and interesting military architecture, and includes not one, but two very well-preserved citadels and the remains of a maritime wall, a rare combination in medieval military architecture. Despite its unique medieval layout, few studies have been published on Arwad’s fortifications and its interesting urban configuration. The densely packed houses opening onto a web of alleys encircling the forts, with sea waves pounding the shores, only add to the mystery and magic of the place. This paper aims to discuss some of the most interesting features of Arwad’s extant fortifications, provide an analysis of some of their architectural details, and suggest a preliminary date. The paper is divided into four sections and a conclusion, including an introduction to the history of Arwad; a description of its extant fortifications; and an analysis of its most significant architectural details. Finally, a date for the fortifications will be suggested based on the historical and stylistic analyses presented in previous sections.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43017384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ostriches and people in archaeological contexts in the southern Levant and beyond 黎凡特南部及其他地区考古背景下的鸵鸟和人

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2021.2000709

A. Gorzalczany, B. Rosen

引用次数: 2

The ‘Assyrian mill’. A case study on food processing technology and innovation in the Near East during the Neo-Assyrian period (c. 900–600 BC) “亚述磨坊”。新亚述时期(公元前900-600年)近东地区食品加工技术与创新的个案研究

IF 0.8 2区历史学

Levant Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2021.2002021

A. Squitieri, L. Bombardieri

引用次数: 0

The EAMENA database and its potential impact on research and heritage management: a case study of Crusader heritage in Lebanon EAMENA数据库及其对研究和遗产管理的潜在影响：以黎巴嫩十字军遗产为例