China Geology最新文献

{"title":"Shale gas prospect of the Lower Permian in the South Yellow Sea Basin of the Lower Yangtze area: Insights from the whole-cored CSDP-2 borehole","authors":"Yu-mao Pang ,&nbsp;Zhao-meng Wei ,&nbsp;Xing-wei Guo ,&nbsp;Chuan-sheng Yang ,&nbsp;Rui-shan Ma ,&nbsp;Xun-hua Zhang","doi":"10.31035/cg2023153","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shale gas is abundant in the Paleozoic of the Yangtze Platform, and several high-yield shale gas fields have been built in the Upper Yangtze Platform, China. The Permian of the South Yellow Sea Basin (SYSB) in the Lower Yangtze area is considered a potential target for shale gas exploration; however, the fundamental geological conditions of shale gas have not been studied. Based on the first whole-cored scientific drilling borehole (CSDP-2) in the SYSB, detailed tests involving petrology, organic geochemistry, and reservoir physical properties were conducted to evaluate the shale gas potential of the Lower Permian. The Lower Permian is dominated by organic-rich siliceous, clay, and clay-mixed shales. The average total organic carbon content is 5.99%, and the organic matter is mainly type II₁−II₂, which has entered the high-over mature evolution stage. The pore types of organic-rich shales mainly include organic pores, dissolution pores, and intergranular pores, of which the meso-/macropores are well developed. The average porosity is 3.04%, and the total specific surface area and pore volume are 3.47 m²/g and 7.21×10⁻³ cm³/g, respectively. The average Langmuir volume obtained from the methane adsorption isotherms is 2.70 cm³/g, and methane is mainly adsorbed in the meso-/macropores. The lower Permian shales are rich in methane as indicated by gas logging results, with an average content of 7.3%, which can reach up to 65.9%. A comparison of the study area with typical shale gas fields shows that the Lower Permian is brittle and shallowly buried and has a high potential for shale gas exploration and low-cost development. The depression areas of the SYSB are overlain by thick Mesozoic–Cenozoic sediments, show higher organic matter maturity, and may have greater shale gas potential. The shale gas exploration breakthrough of the study area is of great significance to ensure the energy supply of economically developed areas on the east China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 707-724"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal variations in parameters at the upper boundary of gas hydrate stability zone of the Sea of Okhotsk","authors":"Renat Shakirov ,&nbsp;Vladimir Luchin ,&nbsp;Evgeniya Petrova ,&nbsp;Neng-you Wu ,&nbsp;Yi-zhao Wan","doi":"10.31035/cg2024087","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2024087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was used oceanographic database in the Sea of Okhotsk between the period from 1929 to 2020 (131286 stations). The paper used gas hydrate dissociation parameters for the “pure methane-seawater” system obtained in the study by Dickens GR and Quinby-Hunt MS. The results have elucidated the spatiotemporal variability of distribution of such parameters at the upper boundary of the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) as water temperature, salinity, and top depth of the stability zone. As the study has shown (based on average long-term spatial distributions), the minimum temperature and depth values of the GHSZ upper boundary in the Sea of Okhotsk occur off the western and southwestern parts of the water area. The maximum temperature and depth values of the GHSZ upper boundary are typical of the southeastern sea area and over the Kamchatka Peninsula slope. This study has also identified an area, where there are no thermobaric conditions for the emergence and stable existence of methane hydrates in the water column. The results presented agree well with the materials of observations conducted during expeditions and the previous data of predictive simulations for the Sea of Okhotsk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 754-764"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World's largest coal-fired carbon capture demonstration project begins operation in Gansu Province, China","authors":"Hui Guo ,&nbsp;Li-qiong Jia ,&nbsp;Xi-jie Chen ,&nbsp;Zi-guo Hao","doi":"10.31035/cg2025151","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2025151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 871-872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Committee of China Geology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2096-5192(25)00120-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2096-5192(25)00120-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 873-876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved SE-UNet network-based semantic segmentation and extraction of hidden geological significance in geological maps","authors":"Kai Ma ,&nbsp;Jun-jie Liu ,&nbsp;Si-qi Lu ,&nbsp;Ze-hua Huang ,&nbsp;Miao Tian ,&nbsp;Jun-yuan Deng ,&nbsp;Zhong Xie ,&nbsp;Qin-jun Qiu","doi":"10.31035/cg2023146","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automatic segmentation and recognition of content and element information in color geological map are of great significance for researchers to analyze the distribution of mineral resources and predict disaster information. This article focuses on color planar raster geological map (geological maps include planar geological maps, columnar maps, and profiles). While existing deep learning approaches are often used to segment general images, their performance is limited due to complex elements, diverse regional features, and complicated backgrounds for color geological map in the domain of geoscience. To address the issue, a color geological map segmentation model is proposed that combines the Felz clustering algorithm and an improved SE-UNet deep learning network (named GeoMSeg). Firstly, a symmetrical encoder-decoder structure backbone network based on UNet is constructed, and the channel attention mechanism SENet has been incorporated to augment the network's capacity for feature representation, enabling the model to purposefully extract map information. The SE-UNet network is employed for feature extraction from the geological map and obtain coarse segmentation results. Secondly, the Felz clustering algorithm is used for super pixel pre-segmentation of geological maps. The coarse segmentation results are refined and modified based on the super pixel pre-segmentation results to obtain the final segmentation results. This study applies GeoMSeg to the constructed dataset, and the experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has superior performance compared to other mainstream map segmentation models, with an accuracy of 91.89% and a MIoU of 71.91%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 643-660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geology, geochemistry and mineralization of the Taishang-Shuiwangzhuang supergiant gold deposit (>700 t Au), northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula, China: A review","authors":"Xiang-dong Liu ,&nbsp;Zheng-jiang Ding ,&nbsp;Zhong-yi Bao ,&nbsp;Chun-ming Yan ,&nbsp;Hao-cheng Yu ,&nbsp;Jia-meng Fan ,&nbsp;Tian-ci Xie ,&nbsp;Zhi-ning Liu","doi":"10.31035/cg2023152","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Taishang-Shuiwangzhuang gold deposit is located in the southeastern margin of Linglong gold field in the northern part of the Zhaoping Fault metallogenic belt of the Jiaodong gold province—the world's third-largest gold metallogenic area. Major prospecting breakthroughs have been made at the depth of 600–2500 m in recent years, with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 700 t. Based on a large number of exploration data, the main characteristics of the deposit are described in detail, and the spatial coupling relationship between ore-controlling fault and main orebodies is discussed. The main orebodies occur as regular large veins, exhibiting branching and combination, expansion and contraction, and pinchout and reoccurrence. They extend in a gentle wave pattern along their strikes and dip directions and generally have a pitch direction of NEE and a plunge direction of NEE. As the ore-controlling fault, the Zhaoping Fault has the characteristics of wave-like fluctuation, with its dip angle presenting three steps of steep - slow transition within the depth range of 2500 m. The gold mineralization enrichment area is mainly distributed in the step parts where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently. The ore-forming age, ore-forming fluid and ore-forming material sources and the genesis of the ore deposit are analyzed based on the research results of ore deposit geochemistry. The ore-forming fluids were H₂O-CO₂-NaCltype hydrothermal solutions with a medium-low temperature and medium-low salinity. The H-O isotopic characteristics indicate that the fluids in the early ore-forming stage were possibly formed by degassing of basic magma and that meteoric water gradually entered the ore-forming fluids in the late ore-forming stage. The S and Pb isotopes indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly originate from the lower crust and contain a small quantity of mantle-derived components. The comprehensive analysis shows that the Taishang-shuiwangzhuang gold deposit was a typical “Jiaodong type” gold deposit. The strong crustmantle interactions, large-scale magmatism, and the material exchange arising from the transformation from the ancient lower crust to the juvenile lower crust during the Early Cretaceous provided abundant fluids and material sources for mineralization. Moreover, the detachment faults formed by the rapid magmatic uplift and the extensional tectonism created favorable temperature and pressure conditions and space for fluid accumulation and gold precipitation and mineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 843-861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cassiterite U-Pb geochronology of the Sareshenke Tin deposit in the East Junggar: Implications for the two stages of tin mineralization","authors":"Su-xia Peng ,&nbsp;Kai Weng ,&nbsp;Xiao-qin Quan ,&nbsp;Bo Chen ,&nbsp;Zhao-wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Sun","doi":"10.31035/cg2024153","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2024153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 862-864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic geochemistry and basin modeling of the Eocene Mangahewa source rock system in the Pohokura oilfield, Taranaki Basin (New Zealand) and their indication of oil and gas potential","authors":"Talha S.M. Qadri ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hail Hakimi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Ali Lathbl ,&nbsp;Aref Lashin ,&nbsp;Mohammed Almobarky ,&nbsp;Afikah Rahim","doi":"10.31035/cg2023137","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of organic geochemistry and basin modeling is widely recognized and used to understand the source rock potential and hydrocarbon generation history of the Mangahewa Formation, and thereby given the foundational role in the petroleum exploration. This study utilized the total organic carbon (TOC) content and hydrogen index (HI) to investigate the dominant kerogen type and hydrogen richness for the significance of petroleum generative potential. The Mangahewa coals and carbonaceous shales exhibit an excellent source rocks, with high total organic content (TOC) of more than 22%. The coals and carbonaceous shales were also characterised by Type II–III kerogen with Type III kerogen, promising oiland gas-prones. The Mangahewa Formation reached the main oil generation, with vitrinite reflectances between 0.53% and 1.01%. Vitrinite reflectance was also used in developing themal models and reveal the transformation (TR) of 10–50% kerogen to oil during the Late Miocene. The models also showed that the Mangahewa source rock has a significant oil generation and little expulsion competency, with a TR of up to 54%. These findings support the substantial oil-generating potential in the Taranaki Basin's southern graben and can be used as a guide when developing strategies for an oil exploration program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 725-739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Jurassic tectono-volcanic evolution and sauropod radiation of eastern Jiangnan orogen: Evidence from Tunxi Formation, China","authors":"Xin-xin Ren ,&nbsp;Xu-ri Wang ,&nbsp;Yi-chuan Liu ,&nbsp;Shu-bin Ju","doi":"10.31035/cg2023087","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A prevailing theory suggests that volcanic eruptions triggered environmental changes, which compelled dinosaurs to migrate in search of new habitats. Compelling evidence for this hypothesis has now been discovered in the Tunxi Basin of eastern China. During the Late Mesozoic, the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath southeastern China led to multi-stage volcanic activity. The Tunxi Formation in the basin, the first reported Upper Jurassic volcanic unit in the eastern Jiangnan orogen. It overlies the stratum bearing the easternmost mamenchisaurids, which is the dominant Asian sauropod lineage. Geochemical analyses suggest its affinity with coeval magmatism in southeastern China, while new rhyolite zircon U-Pb dating yields an age of 151.6 ± 2.2 Ma, further indicating a transition from arc magmatism to back-arc extension driven by Paleo-Pacific subduction during the Late Jurassic. These studies also confirm that, as early as 156 Ma, the Tunxi Basin was already a key habitat for mamenchisaurids. The Late Jurassic subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate caused extensive magmatism across eastern China. This intense tectonic shift likely induced abrupt environmental changes in relative basins. Severe volcanic activity drastically reduced the habitat of mamenchisaurids, prompting a northwestward and southward radiation trend —presents a coherent scene of volcanic eruptions, environmental catastrophe, and dinosaurs migrating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 779-796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved new methods of seismic risk assessment and seismic zoning in Kazakhstan according to Eurocode 8","authors":"Daulet Sarsenbaev ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Abdullaev ,&nbsp;Nursarsen Uzbekov ,&nbsp;Alla Sadykova ,&nbsp;Yelizaveta Yessenzhigitova","doi":"10.31035/cg2023151","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article aims to enhance seismic hazard assessment methods for Kazakhstan's seismotectonic conditions. It combines probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), ground motion simulation, sitespecific geological and geotechnical data analysis, and seismic scenario analysis to develop Probabilistic General Seismic Zoning (GSZ) maps for Kazakhstan and Probabilistic Seismic Microzoning maps for Almaty. These maps align with Eurocode 8 principles, incorporating seismic intensity and engineering parameters like peak ground acceleration (PGA). The new procedure, applied in national projects, has resulted in GSZ maps for the country, seismic microzoning maps for Almaty, and detailed seismic zoning maps for East Kazakhstan. These maps, part of a regulatory document, guide earthquake-resistant design and construction. They offer a comprehensive assessment of seismic hazards, integrating traditional Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik (MSK-64) intensity scale points with quantitative parameters like peak ground acceleration. This innovative approach promises to advance methods for quantifying seismic hazards in specific regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 661-675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}