China Geology最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic simulation insights into friction weakening effect on rapid long-runout landslides: A case study of the Yigong landslide in the Tibetan Plateau, China","authors":"Zi-zheng Guo ,&nbsp;Xin-yong Zhou ,&nbsp;Da Huang ,&nbsp;Shi-jie Zhai ,&nbsp;Bi-xia Tian ,&nbsp;Guang-ming Li","doi":"10.31035/cg2023132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2023132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study proposed a novel friction law dependent on velocity, displacement and normal stress for kinematic analysis of runout process of rapid landslides. The well-known Yigong landslide occurring in the Tibetan Plateau of China was employed as the case, and the derived dynamic friction formula was included into the numerical simulation based on Particle Flow Code. Results showed that the friction decreased quickly from 0.64 (the peak) to 0.1 (the stead value) during the 5s-period after the sliding initiation, which explained the behavior of rapid movement of the landslide. The monitored balls set at different sections of the mass showed similar variation characteristics regarding the velocity, namely evident increase at the initial phase of the movement, followed by a fluctuation phase and then a stopping one. The peak velocity was more than 100 m/s and most particles had low velocities at 300s after the landslide initiation. The spreading distance of the landslide was calculated at the two-dimension (profile) and three-dimension scale, respectively. Compared with the simulation result without considering friction weakening effect, our results indicated a max distance of about 10 km from the initial unstable position, which fit better with the actual situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 222-236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224001058/pdfft?md5=e7b79c62567d112441745e05608deb9e&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224001058-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon emission reduction: Contribution of photovoltaic power and practice in China","authors":"Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Li-qiong Jia ,&nbsp;Geng Xie ,&nbsp;Xi-jie Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.31035/cg2024078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2024078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224001174/pdfft?md5=84cbd19efe8e89e090c1f4b32e2fa8c4&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224001174-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial structural characteristics of the Deda ancient landslide in the eastern Tibetan Plateau: Insights from Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics and the Microtremor Survey Method","authors":"Zhen-dong Qiu ,&nbsp;Chang-bao Guo ,&nbsp;Yi-ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi-hua Yang ,&nbsp;Rui-an Wu ,&nbsp;Yi-qiu Yan ,&nbsp;Wen-kai Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Jin","doi":"10.31035/cg2023129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2023129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is of crucial importance to investigate the spatial structures of ancient landslides in the eastern Tibetan Plateau's alpine canyons as they could provide valuable insights into the evolutionary history of the landslides and indicate the potential for future reactivation. This study examines the Deda ancient landslide, situated in the Chalong-ranbu fault zone, where creep deformation suggests a complex underground structure. By integrating remote sensing, field surveys, Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics (AMT), and Microtremor Survey Method (MSM) techniques, along with engineering geological drilling for validation, to uncover the landslide's spatial features. The research indicates that a fault is developed in the upper part of the Deda ancient landslide, and the gully divides it into Deda landslide accumulation zone I and Deda landslide accumulation zone II in space. The distinctive geological characteristics detectable by MSM in the shallow subsurface and by AMT in deeper layers. The findings include the identification of two sliding zones in the Deda I landslide, the shallow sliding zone (DD-I-S1) depth is approximately 20 m, and the deep sliding zone (DD-I-S2) depth is 36.2–49.9 m. The sliding zone (DD-II-S1) depth of the Deda II landslide is 37.6–43.1 m. A novel MSM-based method for sliding zone identification is proposed, achieving less than 5% discrepancy in depth determination when compared with drilling data. These results provide a valuable reference for the spatial structural analysis of large-deep-seated landslides in geologically complex regions like the eastern Tibetan Plateau.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 188-202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224001034/pdfft?md5=bed8c9f61aca111ac2e125392977e1b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224001034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation, structure and potential hazard of a landslide based on InSAR in Banbar county, Xizang (Tibet)","authors":"Guan-hua Zhao ,&nbsp;Heng-xing Lan ,&nbsp;Hui-yong Yin ,&nbsp;Lang-ping Li ,&nbsp;Alexander Strom ,&nbsp;Wei-feng Sun ,&nbsp;Chao-yang Tian","doi":"10.31035/cg2023130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2023130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Tibetan Plateau is characterized by complex geological conditions and a relatively fragile ecological environment. In recent years, there has been continuous development and increased human activity in the Tibetan Plateau region, leading to a rising risk of landslides. The landslide in Banbar County, Xizang (Tibet), have been perturbed by ongoing disturbances from human engineering activities, making it susceptible to instability and displaying distinct features. In this study, small baseline subset synthetic aperture radar interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) technology is used to obtain the Line of Sight (LOS) deformation velocity field in the study area, and then the slope-orientation deformation field of the landslide is obtained according to the spatial geometric relationship between the satellite's LOS direction and the landslide. Subsequently, the landslide thickness is inverted by applying the mass conservation criterion. The results show that the movement area of the landslide is about 6.57×10⁴ m², and the landslide volume is about 1.45×10⁶ m³. The maximum estimated thickness and average thickness of the landslide are 39 m and 22 m, respectively. The thickness estimation results align with the findings from on-site investigation, indicating the applicability of this method to large-scale earth slides. The deformation rate of the landslide exhibits a notable correlation with temperature variations, with rainfall playing a supportive role in the deformation process and displaying a certain lag. Human activities exert the most substantial influence on the spatial heterogeneity of landslide deformation, leading to the direct impact of several prominent deformation areas due to human interventions. Simultaneously, utilizing the long short-term memory (LSTM) model to predict landslide displacement, and the forecast results demonstrate the effectiveness of the LSTM model in predicting landslides that are in a continuous development and movement phase. The landslide is still active, and based on the spatial heterogeneity of landslide deformation, new recommendations have been proposed for the future management of the landslide in order to mitigate potential hazards associated with landslide instability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 203-221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224001046/pdfft?md5=15cde54b204b70c42eb1d0d10626d164&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224001046-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of debris flow control effect and hazard assessment in Xinqiao Gully, Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake area based on numerical simulation","authors":"Chang Yang ,&nbsp;Yong-bo Tie ,&nbsp;Xian-zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan-feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi-jie Ning ,&nbsp;Zong-liang Li","doi":"10.31035/cg2023144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2023144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan <em>M</em>_s 8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province, China. Based on the investigation of the 2023 “6-26” Xinqiao Gully debris flow event, this study assessed the effectiveness of the debris flow control project and evaluated the debris flow hazards. Through field investigation and numerical simulation methods, the indicators of flow intensity reduction rate and storage capacity fullness were proposed to quantify the effectiveness of the engineering measures in the debris flow event. The simulation results show that the debris flow control project reduced the flow intensity by 41.05% to 64.61%. The storage capacity of the dam decreases gradually from upstream to the mouth of the gully, thus effectively intercepting and controlling the debris flow. By evaluating the debris flow of different recurrence intervals, further measures are recommended for managing debris flow events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224001071/pdfft?md5=60b48a906ef5193088dd0210105aafa7&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224001071-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated north–south paleo-Dadu-Anning River: New insights from bulk major and trace element analyses of the Xigeda Formation","authors":"Yong Zheng ,&nbsp;Hai-bing Li ,&nbsp;Jia-wei Pan ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Ya Lai ,&nbsp;Zheng Gong","doi":"10.31035/cg2023027","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault extends SE–S and constitutes the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. However, the Dadu River which is associated with the fault does not flow following the path, but makes a 90° turn within a distance of 1 km at Shimian, heading east, and joins the Yangtze River, finally flowing into the East China Sea. Adjacent to the abrupt turn, a low and wide pass near the Daqiao reservoir at Mianning separates the N–S course of the Dadu River from the headwater of the Anning River which then flows south into the Yunnan Province along the Anninghe fault. Therefore, many previous studies assumed southward flow of the paleo-Dadu River from the Shimian to the Anning River. However, evidences for the capture of the integrated N–S paleo-Dadu-Anning River, its timing, and causes are still insufficient. This study explored the paleo-drainage pattern of the Dadu and Anning Rivers based on bulk mineral and geochemical analyses of the large quantities of fluvial/lacustrine sediments along the trunk of the Dadu and Anning Rivers. Similar with sands in the modern Dadu River, the Xigeda sediments also exhibit a granitoid affinity with the bulk major mineral compositions of quartz (&gt;50%), anorthite (about 10%), orthoclase (about 5%), muscovite (about 5%), and clinochlore (about 4%). Correspondingly, bulk major elements show high SiO₂, with all samples &gt;60%, and some of them &gt;70%, low TiO₂ (⩽0.75%), P₂O₅ (⩽0.55%), FeO* (⩽5%), and relatively high CaO (1.02%–8.51%), Na₂O (1.60%–2.52%), and K₂O (2.17%–2.71%), with a uniform REE patterns. Therefore, synthesizing all these results indicate that these lacustrine sediments have similar material sources, which are mainly derived from its course in the Songpan-Ganzi flysch block, implying that the paleo-Dadu originally flowed southward into the Anning River and provided materials to the Xigeda ancient lake. The rearrangement of the paleo-Dadu River appears to be closely related to the locally focused uplift driven by strong activities of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system.</p><p>©2024 China Geology Editorial Office.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224000582/pdfft?md5=526cdc7a764d5776526fac87d09c6f25&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224000582-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86021861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second Editorial Committee of China Geology","authors":"","doi":"10.31035/S2096-5192(24)00067-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/S2096-5192(24)00067-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 165-168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224000673/pdfft?md5=0198a54c88854113c2008bf3aa0137ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224000673-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of different machine learning models in landslide susceptibility assessment: A case study of Conghua District, Guangzhou, China","authors":"Ao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin-wen Zhao ,&nbsp;Xing-yuezi Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiao-zhan Zheng ,&nbsp;Min Zeng ,&nbsp;Xuan Huang ,&nbsp;Pan Wu ,&nbsp;Tuo Jiang ,&nbsp;Shi-chang Wang ,&nbsp;Jun He ,&nbsp;Yi-yong Li","doi":"10.31035/cg2023056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2023056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction. To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models, Conghua District, which is the most prone to landslide disasters in Guangzhou, was selected for landslide susceptibility evaluation. The evaluation factors were selected by using correlation analysis and variance expansion factor method. Applying four machine learning methods namely Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), landslide models were constructed. Comparative analysis and evaluation of the model were conducted through statistical indices and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The results showed that LR, RF, SVM, and XGB models have good predictive performance for landslide susceptibility, with the area under curve (AUC) values of 0.752, 0.965, 0.996, and 0.998, respectively. XGB model had the highest predictive ability, followed by RF model, SVM model, and LR model. The frequency ratio (FR) accuracy of LR, RF, SVM, and XGB models was 0.775, 0.842, 0.759, and 0.822, respectively. RF and XGB models were superior to LR and SVM models, indicating that the integrated algorithm has better predictive ability than a single classification algorithm in regional landslide classification problems.</p><p>©2024 China Geology Editorial Office.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224000594/pdfft?md5=7dfe5a4b1b90b0a27e8db257b6c84e46&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224000594-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmful evaluation of heavy metals from soil layer to the groundwater: Take the Jilin Hunchun Basin as an example","authors":"Xiao-Dong Guo ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Hui-Rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu-Fei Shi ,&nbsp;Chuan-Yu Qin ,&nbsp;Zhi-Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.31035/cg2022050","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2022050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The continuous enrichment of heavy metals in soils has caused potential harm to groundwater. Quantitative methods to evaluate the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater are lacked in previous studies. Based on the theory of groundwater circulation and solid-liquid equilibrium, a simple and easy-to-use flux model of soil heavy metals migrating to groundwater is constructed. Based on groundwater environmental capacity, an innovative method for evaluating the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater is proposed, which has been applied in Hunchun Basin, Jilin Province, China. The results show that the fluxes of soil heavy metals into groundwater in the study area are Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Hg in descending order. The content of heavy metals in groundwater (As, Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cd) in most areas has not risen to the threshold of environmental capacity within 10 years. The harm levels of soil heavy metals to groundwater in the most townships soils are at the moderate level or below. This evaluation method can quantify the flux of soil heavy metals into groundwater simply and quickly, determine the residual capacity of groundwater to heavy metals, evaluate the harm level of soil heavy metals to groundwater, provide support for relevant departments to carry out environmental protection of soil and groundwater, and provide a reference to carry out similar studies for related scholars.</p><p>©2024 China Geology Editorial Office.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224000600/pdfft?md5=11113c322d6754271213ccb06179f172&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224000600-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75414386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes of coastline and tidal flat and its implication for ecological protection under human activities: Take China’s Bohai Bay as an example","authors":"Yong Li ,&nbsp;Ming-zheng Wen ,&nbsp;Heng Yu ,&nbsp;Peng Yang ,&nbsp;Fei-cui Wang ,&nbsp;Fu Wang","doi":"10.31035/cg2023007","DOIUrl":"10.31035/cg2023007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The change processes and trends of shoreline and tidal flat forced by human activities are essential issues for the sustainability of coastal area, which is also of great significance for understanding coastal ecological environment changes and even global changes. Based on field measurements, combined with Linear Regression (LR) model and Inverse Distance Weighing (IDW) method, this paper presents detailed analysis on the change history and trend of the shoreline and tidal flat in Bohai Bay. The shoreline faces a high erosion chance under the action of natural factors, while the tidal flat faces a different erosion and deposition patterns in Bohai Bay due to the impact of human activities. The implication of change rule for ecological protection and recovery is also discussed. Measures should be taken to protect the coastal ecological environment. The models used in this paper show a high correlation coefficient between observed and modeling data, which means that this method can be used to predict the changing trend of shoreline and tidal flat. The research results of present study can provide scientific supports for future coastal protection and management.</p><p>©2024 China Geology Editorial Office.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45329,"journal":{"name":"China Geology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096519224000533/pdfft?md5=83cd982ba243f63ce80c5a4e8f619d2f&pid=1-s2.0-S2096519224000533-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78317134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}