Canadian Journal of Law and Society最新文献

{"title":"CLS volume 36 issue 2 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46488480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction","authors":"Diana Dabby, David Koussens","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.30","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis 2010, il est possible de constater une augmentation des démarches visant à défendre et à contester les droits religieux. Ces démarches se produisent tant à l’intérieur qu’à l’extérieur du système juridique. Les exemples abondent: on peut penser ici aux lieux ou espaces de culte dont la présence et l’esthétique sont remises en cause par le biais de référendum, au recours à des ordonnances locales contre le port de vêtements religieux dans les espaces publics, ou encore au lobbying religieux dans les institutions parlementaires. Nous pouvons également considérer le choix de l’État de définir et d’assumer la responsabilité du patrimoine religieux en justifiant son intervention sur la présence de symboles religieux dans les institutions publiques. Ces exemples et ces processus nous invitent à nous interroger sur la manière dont nous comprenons les impératifs démocratiques, les droits religieux, ainsi que leur gouvernance dans des contextes variés. Ce numéro spécial est publié à la suite d’un colloque tenu à l’Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), en janvier 2020, organisé par la professeure Dia Dabby (Département des sciences juridiques, UQAM) et le professeur David Koussens (Faculté de droit, Université de Sherbrooke). Financé par le CRIDAQ, un centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la diversité et la démocratie, ainsi que par la Chaire de recherche Droit, religion et laïcité de Koussens et le Centre de recherche Société, droit et religions de Université de Sherbrooke (SoDRUS), ce colloque visait à explorer, analyser et évaluer de façon critique comment des processus tels que le référendum, l’activité législative et les gouvernances locales permettent de contourner les droits religieux au nom du « bien public » ou « commun ». Ce numéro spécial reprend et approfondit ces discussions en s’intéressant aux mécanismes de droit public qui peuvent restreindre indûment l’expression religieuse et, dans de nombreux cas, affecter directement les populations religieuses minoritaires. Les mécanismes de droit public sont souvent invoqués au nom du bien commun et des principes démocratiques. Si les destinataires de ces mécanismes de droit public peuvent être des individus (et donc entraîner des restrictions individuelles), ces mécanismes peuvent également viser les lieux de culte et d’autres espaces ayant une signification religieuse1.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47092742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marge ou crève","authors":"X. Delgrange","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.20","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé Sous son aspect positif, la marge d’appréciation que la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme reconnaît aux États permet à ceux-ci d’enrichir le socle des droits fondamentaux établi par la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme. Elle met en avant la responsabilité de chaque État dans la concrétisation de la Convention. Elle contribue alors au développement de la démocratie qui croît avec le renforcement des droits de l’homme. Sous son aspect négatif, l’invocation de la marge d’appréciation permet à la Cour d’absoudre certains États alors que ceux-ci sapent le socle des droits fondamentaux. Elle s’y sent contrainte pour amadouer les États qui contestent son autorité au nom de leur autonomie. Question de survie donc ou à tout le moins de préservation de son rôle unificateur. Le réalisme politique l’emporte alors sur les exigences démocratiques.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45381582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLS volume 36 issue 2 Cover and Front matter","authors":"Dominique Bernier, Jula Hughes, Thomas McMorrow","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45260735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective Religious Freedom as Associational Action: How Sociological Concepts Can Help Make Sense of the Jurisprudence","authors":"Amy Swiffen","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Religious freedom is protected by section 2(a) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Historically, the right has been understood in individual terms, though the courts have acknowledged a collective dimension to religion as expressed in a community of believers. Yet, the precise meaning of collective religious freedom has not been fully fleshed out. The current case law only encompasses a limited range of forms of collective religious expression and does not articulate a coherent theory as to why some collective 2(a) claims succeed while others fail. This paper draws on concepts from interpretive sociology to help clarify the existing jurisprudence and reveal a tension that is otherwise invisible over the status of volition/voluntariness in the collective religious freedom framework. Addressing this tension can help rationalize the Court’s jurisprudence and give resources to critics looking to change how the law encompasses collective religious experience.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2021.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42333915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governing Through Remorse: The Discursive Framing of Dangerous Offenders in Canada","authors":"Linda Mussell, Michael Orsini","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the emotional terrain and discursive frames that govern the constitution of those subject to the “dangerous offender” (DO) designation in Canada. Focusing on the emotion of remorse, we discuss four narratives involving individuals who went through the DO hearing process, gaining significant media attention. Asking what role Indigeneity and other factors play in how the media discuss the emotional comportment of DOs, we examine the persistence of particular discursive frames in these narratives, and the counter-frames that challenge or disrupt dominant understandings of what it is appropriate to feel. The expression of emotion, and its interpretation, can be critical to the outcome of cases, criminalized people/survivor stigmatization, and normalization of punishment and may also motivate community mobilization and prompt policy change. Yet, emotion, and how it may be performed and interpreted differently, is not well understood or discussed in these narratives.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2021.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46387467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Governmentality of Online Gambling: Quebec’s Contested Internet Gambling Website Blocking Provisions","authors":"Martin French, Danielle Tardif, S. Kairouz, Annie Savard","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines Canada’s first internet gambling website blocking scheme, which was enacted in Quebec as part of the implementation of the province’s 2015 budget. Using qualitative research methods, the article illustrates the complexities of regulating online gambling. Influenced by critical sociological and anthropological studies of gambling, and taking a socio-legal, governmentality perspective, it shows how socio-legal studies can illuminate research on the regulation of gambling, and how the study of online gambling can, as a sentinel site for the regulation of online consumption, contribute to the development of socio-legal studies. Our analysis shows that the governmentality of online gambling is framed so as to exclude 1) a range of risks (e.g., related to consumer profiling and the capacity to stimulate “addictive consumption”), 2) the heterogeneity of everyday experience that connects online gambling with online addictive consumption more generally, and 3) a range of possibilities for governing online gambling otherwise.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2021.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42741113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’État canadien et la reconnaissance des droits religieux autochtones","authors":"Claude Gélinas","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé La politique actuelle de réconciliation qui guide les rapports que l’État canadien entretient avec les peuples autochtones affiche une certaine discontinuité en matière de reconnaissance de leurs droits religieux. D’une part, les gouvernements accordent aux Autochtones certains privilèges à des fins de valorisation de leurs particularismes religieux dans l’espace public, d’une manière qui ne s’étend pas nécessairement à d’autres segments de la société. Parallèlement, par l’entremise de lois et d’ententes politiques, des nations autochtones se sont vu reconnaître des droits et privilèges en lien avec leur sphère religieuse, lesquels demeurent toutefois largement assujettis au cadre normatif établi par la majorité. Enfin, les tribunaux peinent jusqu’à présent à considérer les particularismes religieux des nations autochtones en tant que motif décisionnel. Cette reconnaissance à géométrie variable laisse transparaître un relent de colonialisme suivant lequel la dimension symbolique est valorisée, au détriment des avenues susceptibles de mener à une réelle autonomie des nations autochtones en matière d’expression religieuse.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2021.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46577403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La justice et la non-représentation au carrefour de la localisation sociale","authors":"Emmanuelle Bernheim, Pierre Noreau, Alexandra Bahary-Dionne","doi":"10.1017/cls.2021.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2021.7","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé La présence accrue de justiciables non représenté·e·s devant les tribunaux est régulièrement attribuée à un manque de confiance envers le système judiciaire, notamment à l’égard des avocat·e·s. Agir seul·e devant les tribunaux serait donc un choix délibéré. Un sondage réalisé dans la population générale au Québec permet de démontrer au contraire que la grande majorité des citoyen·ne·s redoutent de faire face seul·e·s à la justice et souhaitent avoir accès aux services d’un·e professionnel·le du droit pour les représenter. Il permet aussi d’établir des liens entre certaines composantes de la localisation sociale des répondant·e·s – âge, condition socioéconomique, scolarité et genre – et leur opinion sur le système de justice et la non-représentation. Il faut en conclure que le rapport au droit et à la justice est la conséquence directe de structures sociales dont il faut tenir compte dans la compréhension de la réalité de la non-représentation.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2021.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bearing Witness: Creating the Conditions of Justice for First Nations Children","authors":"R. Ariss","doi":"10.1017/cls.2020.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cls.2020.38","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2016, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal found that Canada’s management of child welfare discriminates against First Nations children. The First Nations Child and Family Caring Society, one of the complainants, maintains a web-based campaign called “I Am A Witness,” providing details on the hearings and legal materials and asking visitors to act towards ending discrimination against First Nations children. What does it mean to bear witness to such discrimination? The concept of “witnessing” circulates through Indigenous oral traditions, communication and media theories, and the common law. This article explores the I Am A Witness campaign, arguing that as it evokes various theories of witnessing and builds public awareness of legal processes, it shifts spaces of and perspectives on legality beyond Western categories, creating a public that is enabled to bear witness to, and respond to, ongoing injustices against Indigenous peoples.","PeriodicalId":45293,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cls.2020.38","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41972838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}