{"title":"U.S. hand injury-related finger infections requiring emergency department visits, NEISS 2019-2023.","authors":"R Constance Wiener","doi":"10.1177/09246479251342794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251342794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSevere finger infections requiring emergency department (ED) attention are common occurrences resulting from many common household items.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify U.S. trends and the nature of ED visits due to infected finger injuries using reports in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS).MethodsNEISS data from 2019 to 2023 were analyzed for cases of finger infections. The data were compared by sex, race, location of injury, and year of infection with the type of infection. Chi square analyses and logistic regression tests were conducted.ResultsThere were 1816 infections with a yearly incidence rate of 4.3/100,000. Males had 58.4% of finger infections needing an ED visit; those ages ≥36 years were more likely to have a finger infection (62.5%). The trend for the 5 years was not significant (<i>p</i> = 0.1048). Paronychias were the most common type of finger infection and manicure items were the most common cause of paronychias.ConclusionParonychias continue to be the most prevalent finger infection. Efforts are needed to improve awareness toward prevention and early intervention to reduce finger infection incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"9246479251342794"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative analysis of logistic regression (LR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models for predicting antimicrobial resistance in surgical ICU patients: Insights from real-world evidence in India.","authors":"Prity Rani Deshwal, Pramil Tiwari","doi":"10.1177/09246479251337933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251337933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMachine learning approaches for the prediction of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are gaining attention but are yet to be commonly applied in practice.ObjectiveThis study aims to predict the AMR in surgical intensive care unit patients using logistic regression (LR) and artificial neural network (ANN) model.MethodsSurgical ICU patients with resistant infections, regardless of the microorganism, were considered cases. Those with susceptible or no infections were considered controls. A total of 104 variables for patient characteristics, disease-related and clinical parameters, and surgical, culture, and prescription details were tested for the prediction of AMR using two methods: LR and ANN. The dataset was divided into a training (<i>n</i> = 3179) and a test (<i>n</i> = 1363) set. The outcome was considered a binary outcome: resistant infection and sensitive infection. Model evaluation metrics were an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Predictive analysis was performed by using R software.ResultsOut of 8010 ICU patients, 4542 patients underwent surgery. Out of these surgical ICU patients, 36.90% were cases and 63.09% were controls. Both models performed similarly concerning sensitivity (ANN 86.6%; LR 86%), while improvement was found with respect to accuracy (ANN 88.2%; LR 86%), specificity (ANN 91.2%; LR 86%), AUROC (ANN 94%; LR 93%), and NPV (ANN 82.8%; LR 91%).ConclusionsThe ANN model has more predicting performance than the LR model to predict AMR in surgical ICU patients. These prediction algorithms may assist clinical decisions to aid the prevention of AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"9246479251337933"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reuben Abraham Jacob, Maji Jose, Vinitha Ramanath Pai, Bhuvanesh Sukhlal Kalal
{"title":"Impact of mobile phone-emitted non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation on parotid gland function: A comprehensive study.","authors":"Reuben Abraham Jacob, Maji Jose, Vinitha Ramanath Pai, Bhuvanesh Sukhlal Kalal","doi":"10.1177/09246479251342488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251342488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and ObjectiveThe rapid proliferation of mobile technology has intensified debates on the potential adverse effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (NIER) from mobile phones on various human organs and cells. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mobile phone-emitted NIER on parotid gland function.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study included 104 student volunteers from the University campus, categorized based on their mobile phone usage and exposure duration. Saliva samples were collected from the dominant (test) and non-dominant (control) sides. Key metrics measured were salivary flow rate, pH, albumin, Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA), and the IMA/albumin ratio (IMAR). Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Fisher's LSD multiple comparisons, with <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe salivary flow rate and pH were higher on both sides in all groups, correlating with increased mobile phone usage duration. Although albumin levels were lower on the dominant side, they increased with longer mobile phone use. Salivary IMA and IMAR were higher on the dominant side in subjects using mobile phones for ≤3 years compared to those using them for >3 years.Interpretation and ConclusionConsistent exposure to NIER and the heat generated by mobile phones adversely affects parotid gland function, as indicated by increased salivary flow rate, pH, and altered levels of albumin, IMA, and IMAR. Public health recommendations should encourage reducing long-duration conversations and using earphones to minimize NIER exposure. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of NIER on parotid gland function.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"9246479251342488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasser Alkhushaym, Maha Aldhafeeri, Meshaal Hamad, Bander Almutairi, Mamun Mahmud, Maha Alenizi, Abdulkhaliq J Alsalman
{"title":"Prevalence of bleeding in patients on single or dual antiplatelet therapy combined with vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants.","authors":"Nasser Alkhushaym, Maha Aldhafeeri, Meshaal Hamad, Bander Almutairi, Mamun Mahmud, Maha Alenizi, Abdulkhaliq J Alsalman","doi":"10.1177/09246479241311428","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09246479241311428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPatients with atrial fibrillation often require anticoagulation therapy to prevent stroke and thromboembolism. However, anticoagulants can have serious side effects, such as bleeding, particularly when combined with antiplatelet therapy.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of major bleeding in patients receiving either dual or triple antithrombotic therapy.MethodThis study is a single-center retrospective chart review utilizing the hospital electronic health record. The prevalence and percentage of bleeding events were reported for each antithrombotic regimen.ResultsOf the 539 patients receiving oral anticoagulants, 202 were using oral anticoagulants in combination with either single or dual antiplatelet therapy. Out of 35 patients using triple antithrombotic therapy, four (11.4%) experienced major bleeding. Based on the analysis of 73 patients using anticoagulants in combined with clopidogrel, the results showed that one patient (1.3%) suffered bleeding. Among the 94 patients treated with anticoagulants plus aspirin, seven (7.4%) experienced major bleeding events.ConclusionThe combination of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents is associated with an elevated bleeding risk. Patients receiving triple antithrombotic therapy experience high prevalence of bleeding. Nonetheless, the group receiving anticoagulant and clopidogrel alone exhibited low prevalence of bleeding risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"78-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compliance with good storage practices in drug import warehouses in Syria.","authors":"Hasan Al-Hawasli, Anas Rajab","doi":"10.1177/09246479241304327","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09246479241304327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundEnsuring the quality of pharmaceutical products is essential for effective healthcare delivery. Good storage practices (GSPs) play a crucial role in maintaining drug integrity and safety.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the adherence of Syrian drug import warehouses to GSP and identify key factors influencing compliance.MethodsA mixed-methods research design was employed, involving questionnaires and observations of drug import warehouses in Syria. Data were collected from June to August 2022. The first questionnaire assessed the reality of applying GSP, while the second explored perceived benefits and obstacles. The majority of respondents (>80%) had at least 6 years of working experience in the drug warehouse field.ResultsTwenty-three public and private warehouses participated out of the 26 warehouses that were the subject of our study (88%). The study found that in Syria, a significant difference has been detected between existing requirements in drug import warehouses and the needed requirements for the successful implementation of GSP (<i>p</i> = 0.000). Key constraints to GSP implementation included a lack of a quality-oriented culture among warehouse owners (100%) and inadequate equipment (87%). Regarding the benefits of GSP application, respondents identified ensuring the quality of sensitive products (100%) and reducing waste and damage (96%) as the most important.ConclusionsTo enhance GSP adherence, warehouses should prioritize staff training, adopt electronic data loggers, secure fuel for generators, obtain GSP certificates, and raise public awareness. Government agencies and international organizations should support these efforts and provide financial incentives.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ehsan Ahsani-Estahbanati, Hossein Bevrani, Vladimir Sergeevich Gordeev, Leila Doshmangir
{"title":"Exploring factors affecting the severity of medical errors: A cross-sectional study in Iran.","authors":"Ehsan Ahsani-Estahbanati, Hossein Bevrani, Vladimir Sergeevich Gordeev, Leila Doshmangir","doi":"10.1177/09246479241300127","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09246479241300127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMedical errors are one of the most important factors affecting patient safety and the quality of health care services, and are affected by many factors.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship between hospital and medical error types, seasonality, and work shifts with the severity of medical errors (no harm, near miss, and harmful incident) in Iran's hospitals.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in 39 hospitals in a province of Iran. Data were collected using voluntary reporting forms and analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.ResultsOf 10,384 medical errors, 68.4% were no harm. Medical error type and hospital type had a significant relationship with the severity of medical errors. In terms of seasonality, all types of medical errors were more frequently reported during fall and winter as follows: no harm medical errors (28.4% and 28.3%), near miss (28.9% and 28.2%), and harmful incidents (31.0% and 26.5%). The incidence of errors in public non-educational (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.17-0.30, <i>p</i><0.001) and public educational hospitals (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.21-0.36, <i>p</i><0.001) has been significantly less as compared to other types of hospitals.ConclusionPolicymakers should pay attention to hospital types and common medical error types when developing evidence-based interventions and policies to decrease the medical error severity in Iranian and similar countries' context hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feeding tube safety: National guidance ignores the 'elephant in the room'.","authors":"Stephen J Taylor","doi":"10.1177/09246479241295560","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09246479241295560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundNational guidance attempts to prevent tubes remaining undetected and being used when misplaced in the respiratory tract. The 'elephant in the room' is that this guidance detects misplacement too late to prevent most pneumothoraces and pneumonias.ObjectiveReview risks of undetected and detected respiratory or oesophageal tube misplacements and how 'in-procedure' methods of determining tube position might reduce them.MethodsTube misplacement risk was compared for different methods of checking tube position. Data were obtained from UK NHS England (NHSE), a literature search between 1986 and 12/07/2024 using CINAHL, Embase, Medline and Emcare and from a local database.ResultsPost-procedure pH or X-ray checks on tube position have failed to prevent a rising incidence of undetected respiratory misplacements (NEVER events) (0.013%). Worse, current checks cannot prevent the 0.52% of placements that lead to in-procedure pneumothorax, constituting 97% of lung complications. In addition, pH may fail to prevent aspiration risk from oesophageal misplacement. Conversely, pneumothorax-risk would be reduced to 0.021% by using a supplementary mid-procedure CO<sub>2</sub> check or to 0.005% with expert guided tube placement (both <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Guided tube placement can additionally pre-empt oesophageal-related complications, but its safety is expert-dependent, with higher rates of undetected misplacement and pneumothorax in low-use Cortrak centres (0.10%) than expert centres (0%, <i>p</i> < 0.009).ConclusionThe high health burden from feeding tube-related complications could be almost eliminated if regulatory authorities recommended a mid-procedure CO<sub>2</sub> check for respiratory placement or expert guided tube placement, alongside mandates for the necessary training.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"85-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patient safety in health systems.","authors":"Liliya Eugenevna Ziganshina","doi":"10.1177/09246479251335101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251335101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":"36 2","pages":"59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emmanuel O Okoro, Nehemiah A Ikoba, Boluwatife E Okoro, Azibanigha S Akpila, Mumeen O Salihu
{"title":"Paradoxical increase in global COVID-19 deaths with vaccination coverage: World Health Organization estimates (2020-2023).","authors":"Emmanuel O Okoro, Nehemiah A Ikoba, Boluwatife E Okoro, Azibanigha S Akpila, Mumeen O Salihu","doi":"10.1177/09246479251336610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251336610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMany reports on the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 pandemic deaths were projections undertaken as the global emergency was unfolding. An increasing number of independent investigators have drawn attention to the subjective nature and inherent biases in mathematical models used for such forecasts that could undermine their accuracy when excess mortality was the metric of choice.ObjectiveCOVID-19 deaths were compared between the pre-vaccines and vaccination eras to observe how vaccination impacted COVID-19 death trajectory worldwide during the pandemic emergency.MethodsCOVID-19 cases, deaths and vaccination rates in World Health Organization (WHO) database till 07 June 2023, Case fatality rate per 1000 for the pre-vaccines period (CFR1), and that over vaccination era (CFR2) were compared for all WHO regions, while tests of correlation between the percentage change in COVID-19 deaths and variables of interest were examined.ResultsCOVID-19 deaths increased with vaccination coverage ranging from 43.3% (Africa) to 1275.0% (Western Pacific). The Western Pacific (1.5%) and Africa (3.8%) regions contributed least to the global cumulative COVID-19 deaths pre-vaccines, while the Americas (49.9%) and Europe (27.6%) had the highest counts. The Americas (39.8%) and Europe (34.1%) accounted for >70% of global COVID-19 deaths despite high vaccination, and the percentage increase in COVID-19 mortality and the percentage of person's ≥65 years were significantly correlated (0.48) in Africa.ConclusionCOVID-19 mortality increased in the vaccination era, especially in regions with higher vaccination coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"9246479251336610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roman A Bontsevich, Oxana M Zarudskaya, Anna V Adonina
{"title":"Doctors' preferences in the choice of antibacterial drugs in pregnant women (PIKAP study).","authors":"Roman A Bontsevich, Oxana M Zarudskaya, Anna V Adonina","doi":"10.1177/09246479251327814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251327814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe use of rational and safe antibiotic therapies for pregnant women remains an important issue within the medical community.ObjectiveTo analyze the preferences in the choice of antimicrobial drugs (AMD) among obstetricians-gynecologists of Central Russia in treatment of infectious diseases in pregnancy.MethodsThis is anonymous survey of obstetrician and gynecology specialists conducted in Central Russia between September 1st, and November 30th, 2017. Study included five healthcare facilities (ambulatory and in-patient), located in regional center, city Belgorod. Questionnaire contained six open-ended questions to evaluate AMD preferences in treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis or genitalium, Ureaplasma species, acute cystitis, pyelonephritis, and other conditions, such as placental insufficiency, fetal growth restriction. Descriptive statistics was used including absolute and relative frequencies, minimum and maximum values, mean, frequency of prescribing AMD, and their proportion in the total number prescribed.ResultsA total of 52 responses were included in final analysis. There was significant rate of 15.4% of prescribing pregnancy unsafe (fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines) or non-rational AMD or deviation from existing clinical protocols and guidelines.ConclusionsThere were large variations in provider's AMD preference between healthcare facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45237,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE","volume":" ","pages":"9246479251327814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}