Nur Wahidah Wahid, T. Abed, S. Meghji, J. Gilbertson, M. Barnes
{"title":"Localized Sinonasal Amyloidosis","authors":"Nur Wahidah Wahid, T. Abed, S. Meghji, J. Gilbertson, M. Barnes","doi":"10.1177/2152656719860821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719860821","url":null,"abstract":"Localized amyloidosis involving the nasal mucosa is rare, with only 38 published cases reported to date. We report a case of amyloidosis localized to the sinonasal tract. A 61-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of left-sided nasal obstruction. Endoscopic examination and computed tomography revealed the presence of a nasal mass originating from the left inferior turbinate. The patient subsequently underwent an examination under anesthesia and an excision biopsy of the nasal mass. Histology confirmed amyloidosis with no immunospecific stains. Systemic amyloidosis testing was negative, leading to a diagnosis of localized sinonasal amyloidosis of nonamyloid A (AA) subtype. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of non-AA subtype of the sinonasal tract. The patient was managed conservatively and is currently under close follow-up.","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719860821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48675782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-06-20eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656719856324
Nicole Canon, Maya Gharfeh, Danielle Guffey, Sara Anvari, Carla M Davis
{"title":"Role of Food Allergy Education: Measuring Teacher Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs.","authors":"Nicole Canon, Maya Gharfeh, Danielle Guffey, Sara Anvari, Carla M Davis","doi":"10.1177/2152656719856324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719856324","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Almost 6 million children suffer from food allergies with roughly 2 affected per classroom. Deficiencies in knowledge and discrepancies in attitudes within school staff when addressing food allergies are associated with barriers to care. In this study, school teacher knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes were measured before and after a food allergy educational session. Methods Three hundred seventy-five personnel of similar age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and educational level completed the Chicago Food Allergy Research survey before and after a 1-hour educational session in 6 private schools in Houston randomly assigned into an intervention (n = 4) and control group (n = 2). Responses were measured using frequencies and percentages. The group score differences and survey question comparisons were evaluated with a linear mixed-effects model. Results Posttest, the intervention group had knowledge scores 19.58% points higher than control (95% confidence interval = 16.62–22.53; P < .001) with no differences pretest. Odds of agreeing that injectable epinephrine is important was higher in the intervention schools posteducation. Within the intervention group, personnel were more likely to agree to injectable epinephrine use for children posteducation. Conclusion A 1-hour educational session improved knowledge and attitudes in personnel in the intervention schools. Given the growing prevalence of food allergy, the emphasis on food allergy education is crucial to allow for familiarization of the condition, early recognition of anaphylaxis, and promotion of injectable epinephrine use.","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656719856324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719856324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37377870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-05-29eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656719845325
Jordan W Rawl, Nicholas A Rossi, Mohamad R Chaaban, Paul Brindley
{"title":"Intraseptal Mucocele as a Long-term Complication of Revision Septorhinoplasty: A Case Report and Review of a Rare Entity.","authors":"Jordan W Rawl, Nicholas A Rossi, Mohamad R Chaaban, Paul Brindley","doi":"10.1177/2152656719845325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719845325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paranasal sinus mucoceles are benign, expansive, cystic lesions which arise from retention of mucus secretions. They arise primarily in the setting of cystic degeneration of the sinus mucosa or secondarily in the setting of obstruction of the sinus ostium due to mucosal trauma or chronic inflammation. Septal mucoceles are rare. Only 10 cases to our knowledge have previously been reported. Patients are exclusively male, in their middle years, usually with a history of nasal trauma or nasal surgery. Nasal obstruction followed by headache present for 3 months to a year are the most common presenting symptoms. Here, we present a case of septal mucocele with dystrophic bone formation in a 57-year-old man arising 35 years after open septorhinoplasty treated successfully with total excision via an endoscopic, endoseptal approach. A review of the available literature was conducted to provide a consolidated update on diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656719845325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719845325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37049504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-05-02eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656718816738
Masanobu Suzuki, Yuji Nakamaru, Dai Takagi, Aya Honma, Takayoshi Suzuki, Emi Takakuwa, Shinya Morita, Sarah Vreugde, Akihiro Homma
{"title":"Spontaneous Regression of Swollen Submandibular Glands in IgG4-Related Disease.","authors":"Masanobu Suzuki, Yuji Nakamaru, Dai Takagi, Aya Honma, Takayoshi Suzuki, Emi Takakuwa, Shinya Morita, Sarah Vreugde, Akihiro Homma","doi":"10.1177/2152656718816738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656718816738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>IgG4-related disease is a new clinical entity frequently associated with swelling of the submandibular glands (SMGs). The long-term outcome of SMG swelling without steroid therapy remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether swollen SMGs spontaneously regress without steroid therapy in the context of IgG4-related disease and to identify biomarkers that can predict the spontaneous regression of SMG swelling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SMG volume of 49 patients diagnosed with IgG4-related disease was calculated by measuring the axial and coronal planes of computed tomography scans. The change in SMG volume over time was measured and examined by treatment regimen, clinical data, and serum complement level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found 28 of 49 (57%) IgG4-related disease patients to have swollen SMGs, with 15 of 20 (75%) of the swollen SMGs regressing without steroid therapy. The time required for the SMGs swelling to regress was significantly shorter in the steroid therapy group than in the no-steroid therapy group. Serum complement components at the initial visit were significantly lower in the regressed SMG group than in the nonregressed SMG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed 75% of swollen SMGs spontaneously regressed in patients with IgG4-related disease. The time required for the swollen SMGs to regress was longer in patients without steroid therapy than in those with steroid therapy. Serum complement level could be used as a predictor for the spontaneous regression of swollen SMGs in patients with IgG4-related disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656718816738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656718816738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39904805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-02-05eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656719827253
Elisabeth H Ference, Bernard M Kubak, Paul Zhang, Jeffrey D Suh
{"title":"Successful Treatment of <i>Scedosporium</i> Sinusitis in Two Lung Transplant Recipients: Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Management.","authors":"Elisabeth H Ference, Bernard M Kubak, Paul Zhang, Jeffrey D Suh","doi":"10.1177/2152656719827253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719827253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Scedosporium</i> fungal infection is an emerging disease which is difficult to diagnose and treat. Patients undergoing lung transplant may be colonized prior to transplantation and are at risk for lethal allograft infection after transplantation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify and evaluate treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a retrospective review of patients treated at a tertiary academic medical center from 2007 to 2017 with positive sinonasal cultures. A review of the literature was also performed to identify additional cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two lung transplant patients had a positive culture for <i>Scedosporium</i>. The literature search resulted in 37 citations, which yielded only 2 prior cases of <i>Scedosporium</i> paranasal sinus colonization or infection in lung transplant recipients. Three of the 4 patients had cystic fibrosis. Two of the patients were colonized before initial transplant, while 1 patient was colonized before subsequent transplant. Three of the 4 patients survived, and all 3 had disease isolated to their sinuses and lungs treated with sinus surgery, while the fourth had disseminated disease and did not undergo sinus surgery. All patients were treated with multiple antifungals due to resistance patterns. One surviving patient cleared both sinus and lung cultures in less than 1 month, while the other 2 surviving patients achieved negative cultures after a minimum of 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgery may be especially important in patients with fungal sinus colonization or infection before or after lung transplantation. Chronic sinusitis is an important source for persistent fungal colonization and reinfection of the allograft which could be removed with surgical debridement before causing highly morbid pulmonary disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656719827253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719827253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36988501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-01-23eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656718821282
Ahmad Rezaeian, Seyed Mostafa Hashemi, Zeinab Sadat Dokhanchi
{"title":"Effect of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block With Bupivacaine on Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.","authors":"Ahmad Rezaeian, Seyed Mostafa Hashemi, Zeinab Sadat Dokhanchi","doi":"10.1177/2152656718821282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656718821282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative pain is one of the most complications in endoscopic sinus surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) with bupivacaine on postoperative pain in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery.<b>Methods and Materials:</b> In this clinical trial, 40 patients who indicated functional endoscopic sinus surgery were selected and then divided into 2 parallel groups as intervention and control. The intervention group was received 1.5 mL of bupivacaine 0.5% (injected to sphenopalatine ganglion) and while control was injected 1.5 mL of normal saline at the same injection site. Also, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was recorded immediately after anesthesia, along with 6, 12, 24, 48 h, 7 days, and 21 days after the operation for all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immediately after anesthesia, as well as 6, 12, and 24 h after the operation, VAS in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group (<i>P</i> < .05, for all). However, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding VAS 48 h as well as 7 and 21 days after surgery (<i>P</i> > .05, for both). Also, the rescue analgesia in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group (<i>P</i> = .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SPGB with bupivacaine 0.5% (1.5 mL) was a simple, effective, safe, and noninvasive method for the management of postoperative pain in the patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656718821282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656718821282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36929090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allergy & RhinologyPub Date : 2019-01-07eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2152656718821281
Charles Song, Jeena Chorath, Youngju Pak, Nasser Redjal
{"title":"Use of Dipstick Assay and Rapid PCR-DNA Analysis of Nasal Secretions for Diagnosis of Bacterial Sinusitis in Children With Chronic Cough.","authors":"Charles Song, Jeena Chorath, Youngju Pak, Nasser Redjal","doi":"10.1177/2152656718821281","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2152656718821281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic cough in children is a diagnostic challenge.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To discover the utility of nasal dipsticks and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DNA analysis in differentiating bacterial sinusitis from other causes of chronic cough and identifying pathogens from the nasal cavity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We recruited 22 patients under 15 years of age with cough lasting longer than 4 weeks (group 1), 7 controls with allergic rhinitis (group 2), and 10 controls without respiratory symptoms (group 3). Based on symptoms, the results of nasal secretion assays, and nasal endoscopy, a diagnosis of clinical bacterial sinusitis was made. We identified potential pathogens by quantitative PCR of nasal secretions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 1A (cough with clinical bacterial sinusitis n = 10): Eight (80%) patients had bacterial sinusitis associated with dominant potential pathogenic bacteria (PPB): <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, and <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i>. Group 1B (cough without clinical bacterial sinusitis n = 12): None had dominant PPB. Group 2 (allergic rhinitis n = 7): None had dominant PPB. Group 3 (asymptomatic n = 10): None had dominant PPB. Twenty to 57% of all groups were colonized with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Fifty to 70% were colonized with <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum</i>, and <i>Dolosigranulum pigrum</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In children with chronic cough, clinicians can utilize a simple and inexpensive nasal secretion dipstick assay for rapid diagnosis of sinusitis and identify PPB by DNA-PCR test for specific antibiotic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"10 ","pages":"2152656718821281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/02/90/10.1177_2152656718821281.PMC6327234.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36888760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madison J Malfitano, M. Norris, Wesley H. Stepp, G. Santarelli, T. Samulski, B. Senior, C. Ebert, B. Thorp, A. Zanation, A. Kimple
{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Madison J Malfitano, M. Norris, Wesley H. Stepp, G. Santarelli, T. Samulski, B. Senior, C. Ebert, B. Thorp, A. Zanation, A. Kimple","doi":"10.1177/2152656719889030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719889030","url":null,"abstract":"Background Hyalinizing clear cell carcinomas (HCCCs) are rare, low-grade, malignant tumors which most often arise from the minor salivary glands primarily in palate and tongue but can arise in any location with minor salivary glands including the nasopharynx. Methods A case report of primary nasopharyngeal HCCC is presented. Because of the rarity of this tumor and location, a literature search was conducted to determine the most common presenting symptoms, treatment strategies, and outcomes. Results A 48-year-old man underwent biopsy of a 4.5 cm mass of the right nasopharynx with pathology suggesting an intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. After discussing management with the patient, an endoscopic resection was performed. Final pathology revealed an HCCC which was confirmed after negative Mastermind-like 2 (MAML2) and positive Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (ESWR1) gene rearrangements on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies. Literature review of other nasopharyngeal HCCC cases shows diverse presentation and overall excellent prognosis through surgical and radiation therapy. Conclusion HCCCs are rare, low-grade malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands and can present as a nasopharyngeal mass. Presenting symptoms are diverse but frequently involve otologic and sinonasal disturbances. HCCC is an indolent tumor with an excellent prognostic outcome when treated appropriately with surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719889030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45509845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toshiaki Kuwahara, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Yasutaka Yun, A. Kanda, M. Asako, S. Ueki, H. Iwai
{"title":"Eosinophilic Cholecystitis Occurred in a Patient With Refractory Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation: A Case Report","authors":"Toshiaki Kuwahara, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Yasutaka Yun, A. Kanda, M. Asako, S. Ueki, H. Iwai","doi":"10.1177/2152656719869607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719869607","url":null,"abstract":"Background Eosinophilic cholecystitis (EC) is a rare condition that presents in a manner comparable to acute cholecystitis. The diagnosis is based on classical symptoms of cholecystitis with excessive eosinophilic infiltration within the gallbladder. EC has been reported alone or in combination with manifestations, such as eosinophilic gastrointestinal tract inflammation. However, association with airway inflammation in patients with EC is rare. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 65-year-old man who had refractory eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with bronchial asthma. A second endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was performed as treatment for recurrent nasal polyps. EC occurred while inhaled corticosteroids were reduced after ESS. Pathologic examination of the excised gallbladder demonstrated submucosal infiltration with a number of eosinophils. Furthermore, immunohistostaining revealed many galectin-10-positive cells in both the gallbladder mucosa and the paranasal sinus mucosa. Galectin-10 is a major constituent of human eosinophils, also known as the Charcot–Leyden crystal protein, which has been linked with eosinophilic inflammation. Interestingly, nasal polyps were reduced without any additional treatments 1 month after the cholecystectomy. Conclusions We experienced a rare case wherein EC onset occurred in a patient with refractory eosinophilic airway inflammation during inhaled corticosteroid tapering. Galectin-10 might help diagnose rare cases of eosinophilic inflammation in multiple organs.","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719869607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44829491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lauriello, V. Di Rubbo, G. Sinatti, M. Pasqua, C. Tucci, Gian Piero di Marco, S. Necozione, A. Eibenstein
{"title":"Correlation Between SNOT-22, Nasal Cytology, and Mood Disorders in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Treated With a Liposomal Nasal Spray","authors":"M. Lauriello, V. Di Rubbo, G. Sinatti, M. Pasqua, C. Tucci, Gian Piero di Marco, S. Necozione, A. Eibenstein","doi":"10.1177/2152656719866809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2152656719866809","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) can suffer from mood disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of a liposomal nasal spray (LN) containing vitamins A and E on the nasal mucosa in patients suffering from AR who had refused any type of anti-allergic treatment. For this purpose, the results of nasal cytology, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) test were analyzed. Moreover, we evaluated the relationship between SNOT-22 and nasal cytology and between nasal symptoms and HADS scores. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease of scores at T1 in the LN treatment group as concerns VAS, SNOT-22, HADS-Anxiety test and a remarkable reduction of inflammatory cells detected with nasal cytology. Our study showed that higher levels of SNOT-22 corresponded to a higher level of HADS-Anxiety. The mechanisms underlying this relationship in AR patients are currently unknown, but we can suppose that improving mucosal trophism may contribute to the decrease of nasal symptoms and anxiety scores. The improvement of nasal symptoms, as measured by SNOT-22, was significantly correlated with the objective results of nasal cytology. These relationships between SNOT-22 and nasal cytology and between anxiety and cytology were investigated for the first time in our research.","PeriodicalId":45192,"journal":{"name":"Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2152656719866809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45901685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}