Journal of Public Procurement最新文献

{"title":"Participation of women-owned SMEs in public procurement: the role of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management orientation","authors":"Benjamin R. Tukamuhabwa, Sheila Namagembe","doi":"10.1108/jopp-01-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-01-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to examine the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management orientation on participation of women-owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in public procurement. The research also aimed at examining the influence of knowledge management orientation on entrepreneurial orientation, and the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between Knowledge management orientation and participation of women-owned SMEs in public procurement.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using a drop-off pick-up method. The determined sample size for the women-owned SME firms was 123, while an effective sample size of 103 was obtained, and covariance-based structural equation modelling was used to test the research hypotheses.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Findings indicated that entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management positively and significantly influenced both the search for tender opportunities and the number of times the firm submitted bids. Knowledge management orientation had a significant positive influence on entrepreneurial orientation, while entrepreneurial orientation partially mediated the relationship between knowledge management orientation and participation of women-owned SMEs in public procurement, thus implying that both knowledge management orientation and entrepreneurial orientation contribute to search for tender opportunities and the number of times a woman-owned SME firm submits bids.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The study was cross-sectional and quantitative in nature, yet it involved behaviour aspects such as participation in public procurement. Further, a wholistic approach is taken when studying the SMEs disregarding the industrial characteristics to which the SME belongs.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000Almost 30% to 38% of SMEs in developing countries are owned by women. Focusing on increasing the number of women owned SMEs participating in public procurement will improve the nations’ GDP and increase the number of the citizens in the labour force due to increased employability.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Previous research takes a wholistic approach when examining SMEs participation in public sector procurement disregarding the impact of gender. Further, knowledge management orientation and entrepreneurial orientation in women-owned SMEs are studied for the first time in a public procurement setting.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48221632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty-one years of the <i>Journal of Public Procurement</i>: a performance and content review using bibliometric analysis","authors":"Joshua Ofori-Amanfo, Godfred Matthew Yaw Owusu, Felix Kwasi Arku","doi":"10.1108/jopp-12-2022-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-12-2022-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications in the Journal of Public Procurement ( JoPP ) from 2001 to 2021. The study provides insights into trends in publications, prominent publication themes, influential authors, institutions and countries that have prominently been associated with the journal’s journey. Design/methodology/approach The study used a bibliometric and content analysis approach using the VOSviewer software to develop insights into the trends, structures and patterns in publications in the journal. Data for the study was extracted from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Findings The study established that there has been consistent growth in the number of papers published by the journal within the last two decades. Yearly average publication by the journal stood at 14 papers between 2002 and 2009, with the annual average rising to approximately 18 papers between 2010 and 2021. The trend in publication has been established and identified the influential citations and contributors to the journal. The study has also clustered out the thematic structures in journal’s publications. The prominent and emerging research issues in the public procurement environment needing immediate research attention have been highlighted. Research limitations/implications The study is a one-journal bibliometric analysis and subsequently ignores publications on public procurement from other journals. Social implications The findings of this study highlight to the research community the contributions of JoPP to the public procurement discourse and present important avenues for future research agenda. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first bibliometric study for the JoPP , providing detailed bibliometric indexes of the 21-year period of the journal’s publications. The study comprehensively analyses the contributions in the JoPP to assess the trend and scope in publications in the field of public procurement and draws attention to emerging concerns and critical issues of neglect requiring research attention in the journal.","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136229786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to increase the uptake of circular public procurement? Lessons learned from local authorities in Sweden","authors":"A. Hunka, Emanuela Vanacore, Ann‐Charlotte Mellquist, Letitia Fuertes-Gine","doi":"10.1108/jopp-08-2022-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-08-2022-0039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Circular procurement is assumed to foster innovation and influence demand for and supply of goods through criteria setting and dialogue with suppliers. However, even in countries placed at the forefront of sustainability practices such as Sweden, examples of procurement that can truly be considered to be circular are rare. This paper aims to examine circular public procurement practices in a selection of Swedish municipalities and regions through the lens of the Advocacy Coalition Framework. The authors propose a categorisation of municipalities by circular procurement uptake and identify factors that support the acceleration of the circular transition in Sweden.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Using the key informant approach, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with employees of seven municipalities, one region and one external procurement agency, as well as seven suppliers of various sizes. The authors also analysed procurement documents received from municipalities. Participating organisations represented a variety of Swedish local government structures and local conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors proposed a categorisation of circular procurement uptake. Notably, beginners differ from leaders in circular procurement, most importantly by the level of flexibility policy brokers have within their organisations and by policy brokers’ ability to accommodate changes that materialise between existing organisational structures and set routines.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000The fragmented uptake of circular procurement poses a challenge for local businesses interested in implementing circular business models. It also both highlights and exacerbates inequalities in access to resources between sparsely populated, rural municipalities and more urbanised areas.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Despite existing national government guidelines for the circular economy transition in Sweden, circular procurement is not fully realised at the local level. In this paper, the authors examine the Swedish experience with circular procurement and propose several steps to improve the uptake of circular procurement by the public authorities. The authors' findings concerning the role of policy brokers may well be generalised to similar socio-cultural contexts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49610541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of social capital in public procurement","authors":"Jad EL Bizri, Elina Karttunen, Katrina Lintukangas","doi":"10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to build on social capital theory (SCT) and its dimensions by examining the role of social capital in the public procurement process and by identifying related contingencies that may influence procurement performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A systematic literature review and a thematic analysis regarding social capital in procurement are conducted. The antecedent–behaviour–consequence (ABC) model is used for illuminating linkages between social capital, contingencies and procurement performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The dimensions of social capital are investigated in the procurement process; however, the extent of social capital role can vary between the phases of the process. It is concluded that the contingencies of social dynamics are linked with social capital and may influence the outcomes and performance of the procurement process.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Social capital can ease interactions between public buyers and private suppliers by contributing to effective tendering, improving social interaction in negotiations and balancing rigidity in contract management, supporting the interests of both parties. The provided framework helps decision makers to comprehend the social dynamics in public procurement.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000Improving social dynamics and solutions in public procurement.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study extends social capital research in the field of public procurement and creates a framework connecting social capital and prevailing contingency factors to procurement process performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room for maneuver: practicing competitive dialogue in infrastructure projects in Norway","authors":"A. T. Shiferaw, P. Wondimu, T. K. Stevik","doi":"10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to explore the experiences of using competitive dialogue (CD) as a procurement procedure and the freedom it provides to the contracting parties in Norway.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study opted for qualitative research design. Data were collected from four case projects through document reviews and in-depth interviews with procurement experts and key contract partners of the projects.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Results indicate that CD has some room for maneuver that is worth trying. Furthermore, the research identified several measures that can be implemented to use the procedure effectively. Contracting parties that have used the procedure have had various positive experiences.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000The findings have implications in improving project outputs, building better trust and cooperation between the contracting parties and better use of public money on projects that have lasting outcomes for the society.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors studied four actual projects that used CD as a procurement procedure and aimed to provide first-hand information on the degree of freedom that it offered to the contracting parties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41354228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption intentions of electronic procurement among public sector organisations (PSOs) in Ghana: emerging economy perspective","authors":"D. Ofori, Osman Light, Joseph Ankomah","doi":"10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Electronic government procurement is an important platform that promotes efficient, transparent, competitive and agile delivery of procurement activities in public sector organisations. Implementing units who play a major role exhibits different attitude towards new technology. The purpose of this paper is to assess if there is any significant difference between optimistic and discomfort implementing units in relation to the implementation and intention to use the Ghana Electronic Procurement System (GHANEPS).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Technology Readiness, Technology Acceptance and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and Diffusion Innovation Theory constituted the theoretical foundation. Guided by a cross sectional survey design, quantitative data from a sample of 181 procurement officers was collected using structured questionnaires. The hypothesised relationships were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Although there were some observable differences, the bootstrap results show that the difference was not significant, implying that these two groups do not differ much about the GHANEPS introduction and implementation. This is justifiable in the case of Ghana because public policies are made by top officials, and those in the grassroot or implementation domain have no choice but to act accordingly.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study focused on metropolitan, municipal, district assemblies, public hospitals, tertiary institutions and senior high schools.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The study contributes to the critical antecedents for electronic procurement implementation and public sector management literature. It provides public institutions and practitioners with empirical evidence on how beliefs and perceptions of implementing units about electronic public procurement has some influence on attitude towards usage and intention to use. Positive attitudes and perceptions of the public procurement officers can be reinforced through adequate training and awareness creation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This study outcomes can serve as philosophical underpinnings for societal development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study used a multi-group analysis to examine if there is any significant difference between these two categories of implementing units (optimistic group and discomfort group) in relation to facilitating conditions, personal innovativeness, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and ultimately to attitude and intention to use GHANEPS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41307541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditing and compliance in public procurement – an empirical assessment","authors":"M. Bergman","doi":"10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-2022-0046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of government auditing of local authorities’ compliance with the procurement rules.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A diff-in-diff approach is used where the measure of compliance is (changes in) the incidence of private litigation under the Public Procurement Act, in audited vs non-audited municipalities. Further, semi-structured interviews were conducted with chief procurement officials.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000No statistically significant effect is found. While strong effects of audits can be ruled out, the statistical results and the interviews do not, however, contradict a modest but long-lasting effect.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Few studies have addressed the effect of public procurement auditing on compliance. This study develops an empirical framework and presents empirical results.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49112004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The landscape of public procurement research: a bibliometric analysis and topic modelling based on Scopus","authors":"Abderahman Rejeb, Karim Rejeb, A. Appolloni, Yasanur Kayikci, M. Iranmanesh","doi":"10.1108/jopp-06-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-06-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and dynamics of academic articles relating to public procurement (PP) in the period 1984–2022 (up to May). The researchers also intend to analyse how this knowledge domain has grown since 1984.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A bibliometric analysis was carried out to examine the existing state of PP research. Based on 640 journal articles indexed in the Scopus database and written by 1,247 authors over nearly four decades, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to reveal the intellectual structure of academic works pertaining to PP.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Findings reveal that PP research from Scopus has significantly increased in the past decade. Major journals publishing PP research are International Journal of Procurement Management, Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management and Public Money and Management. Results also indicate that authors’ cooperation network is fragmented, showing limited collaboration among PP researchers. In addition, results suggest that the institutional collaboration network in PP research mirrors what is commonly referred to as the North–South divide, signifying insufficient research collaboration between developed and developing countries’ institutions. According to the co-occurrence keyword network and topic modelling, PP revolves around five main themes, including innovation, corruption, sustainable and green PP, PP contracts and small and medium enterprises. Based on these results, several directions for future research are suggested.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This paper provides an increased understanding of the entire PP field and the potential research directions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first-ever application of bibliometric techniques and topic modelling to examine the development of PP research since 1984 based on scholarly publications extracted from the Scopus database.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48592116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audit threats and year-end spending by government agencies: experimental evidence from Chile","authors":"E. Engel, F. Jordán, Tomás Rau, A. Repetto","doi":"10.1108/jopp-07-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-07-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The paper aims to estimate the capacity of supreme audit institutions’ (SAIs) audits to deter potentially wasteful year-end procurement spending. It also studies heterogeneous responses to SAIs’ audits depending on whether agencies’ top managers are appointed through a competitive procedure or not.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A letter signed by the head of Chile’s SAI was sent to a hundred randomly chosen agencies two weeks before the end of the fiscal year, with instructions on year-end spending accounting and an audit threat. In addition, a hundred agencies that did not receive the letter were used as a control group.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Agencies that received the letter reduced year-end aggregate procurement spending by 33% relative to controls. Purchases of office supplies, safety equipment, personal care products and paper products experienced the most considerable reductions. The decrease in year-end spending was smaller for agencies with at least one top manager appointed through a competitive procedure.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000A SAI’s audit threat significantly reduced year-end procurement spending. Larger reductions in agencies headed by political appointees and across categories of goods that have been flagged as likely to be purchased to exhaust the budget suggest the avoided expenditures would have been wasteful. Further research is needed to determine if the net social value of year-end procurement spending deterred by SAIs audits is negative as suggested.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This paper has implications for the institutional support of SAIs audits and civil service.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper provides novel experimental evidence of SAIs’ audits’ deterrence power on public agencies’ year-end procurement spending.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43020176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crisp and fuzzy appraisal of tenderer’s qualifications in public works procurement in Turkey","authors":"İbrahim Özyörek, Mürsel Erdal","doi":"10.1108/jopp-09-2021-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-2021-0060","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In Turkish public procurement practice of construction works, only bidders whose capabilities on each qualification criteria meet prescribed thresholds are taken into evaluation; however, final evaluation disregards contribution of contractor’s abilities to the delivery of project. The purpose of this study is to assign reasonable weights to qualification criteria stated in Public Procurement Law applicable for work contracts by the method of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with crisp and fuzzy numbers and evaluate the results. Having optimum quality structures to obtain value for money and giving weight to environmental concern in tender evaluation stage can assist sustainable economy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000To introduce qualifications of tenderers to evaluation process, a survey was conducted among 20 public procurement specialists at Public Procurement Authority of Turkey. AHP and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) methods were used to obtain the weights for qualifications.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In any method used in the study, experience became the most important criterion after bid price. Facility, machine and equipment criterion became the second and annual turnover criterion became the third most important criterion.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The set of qualification criteria used in this study is confined by Turkish Public Procurement Law and secondary regulations. However, as Public Procurement Law is in accordance with European Union directives, the conclusions of the study should not be considered to be geographically limited by the borders of Turkey. Also, professional to take part in the survey were randomly selected from the Public Procurement Specialist working at Public Procurement Authority.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000The outcomes of the study may improve sustainability through public procurement.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study offering weights for tenderer’s qualifications to be used in a multi-criteria decision-making process for contractor selection in public work procurement process in Turkey.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Procurement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41717720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}