Zdravstveno Varstvo最新文献

{"title":"Long COVID and Its Impact on Daily Functioning: Findings from the Si-Panda Behavioural Insights Survey in Slovenia.","authors":"Helena Jeriček Klanšček, Maruša Rehberger, Andreja Belščak Čolaković, Marina Šinko, Darja Lavtar, Ada Hočevar Grom","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0013","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on the long-term consequences of COVID-19 has initially focused on the symptoms and prevalence of long COVID. However, few studies have fully incorporated the World Health Organization definition or explored its diverse predictors, including mental health factors. This study aims to deepen the understanding of long-term outcomes of COVID-19 and their associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the SI-PANDA Behavioural Insights survey on COVID-19, an online questionnaire administered to a selected sample of participants from an online access panel in Slovenia. The study included 5,961 participants aged 18 to 74. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with reporting long COVID.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 5,961 respondents, 3,234 reported having been infected with SARS-CoV-2 at least once. Of those, 38% reported persistent fatigue and lack of energy. Long COVID developed in 16.1% (n = 520) of respondents who had been infected. The factor most strongly associated with long COVID was experiencing at least one severe episode of COVID-19, which was associated with a fourfold increase in the odds (OR = 3.99; 95% CI: 3.25-4.91). Other significant associations were observed for risk of a depressive disorder (OR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.79-3.44), three or more SARS-CoV-2 infections (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.45-3.64), risky stress behaviour (OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.38-3.30), and the presence of at least one chronic disease (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.24-1.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding and effectively addressing infectious diseases like COVID-19 requires not only insight into the virus's biology and evolution but also recognition of the important role of mental health and psychological factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 2","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Literacy is a Rising Star in Policy and Research, also in Slovenia.","authors":"Mitja Vrdelja, Sanja Vrbovšek, Kristine Sørensen","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0008","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization has identified health literacy as a key pillar for resilient health systems in its current global strategy for 2025-2028. In this editorial, we argue that effectively addressing health literacy requires its integration into key strategic frameworks at both the global and national levels, as this represents a fundamental precondition for a more coordinated and systematic approach to the issue. Slovenia has followed these global directions by adopting the National Health Literacy Strategy 2025-2035 in 2025, establishing a ten-year strategic framework to strengthen health literacy. The country is also adhering to recommendations for ongoing research in this field; in 2026, the second national health literacy survey will be conducted. Looking ahead, the focus should be on developing and implementing practical public health interventions, and on strengthening coordination with existing health promotion and prevention programmes in Slovenia that are already delivering measurable impact. A key challenge will be to strengthen collaboration between researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners to help create a supportive, health-literate environment in Slovenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 2","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Societal and Patient-Level Burden of Sickness Absenteeism in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Across Two Decades in Slovenia.","authors":"Mitja Oblak, Aleša Lotrič Dolinar, Žiga Rotar, Matija Tomšič, Petra Došenović Bonča","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0015","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To analyse the long-term dynamics of the burden of sickness absenteeism (SA) at the societal and patient levels in employed patients with selected inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The burden of SA was analysed over 2 decades prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the subperiod following the introduction of the rheumatology clinical registry biorx.si. Population data for full-time employees on sick leave due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were obtained from the national administrative database. The societal burden of SA was defined as the total annual number of calendar days on sick leave. The patient-level burden of SA was defined as the average annual number of days on sick leave per patient which was further disaggregated into the average annual number of sick leave episodes per patient and the average annual number of days per sick leave episode. The costs of SA were estimated using the human capital approach. An exponential trend method was used for analysis, and time series were tested for structural breaks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The societal burden of SA during the subperiod following the registry introduction decreased, on average, by 3.3% annually among RA patients. The average annual increase in the societal burden of SA was marginal for PsA patients (0.4%) and substantial for AS patients (8.7%). The societal and patient-level burdens of SA varied by sex and job sector. The patient-level burden of SA, however, decreased on average by 2.5% annually for RA patients and increased marginally for both PsA and AS patients. The key pattern suggesting potential improvements in the patient-level burden of SA for the analysed IRDs was an increase in the number of sick leave episodes per patient, offset by shorter episode duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A study of the societal burden of SA, including its components, and the patient-level burden of SA can support the development of more effective strategies for managing SA and facilitating a faster return to work.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 2","pages":"122-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Cancer Control Programmes in Europe in 2024: State of Play and Alignment with the European Guide for Quality NCCPs.","authors":"Marjeta Kuhar, Tit Albreht, Polona Kastelic, Ana Molina-Barceló, Oscar García Sauret, Marjetka Jelenc","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0014","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>National Cancer Control Programmes (NCCPs) are essential policy documents guiding national cancer control planning. Their existence and quality are crucial for reducing cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality, and for improving the quality of life of people with cancer and the population. The main aim of the present research, conducted within OriON Joint Action (2024-2025), was to explore and analyse the state of play, type, duration, evaluation, and quality of NCCPs across the European Union (EU) and selected countries, with a focus on the inclusion of key elements outlined in the European Guide for Quality NCCPs (Guide).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured survey was prepared, validated, and carried out in 2024 across 34 countries, including EU Member States, Iceland, Montenegro, Norway, Turkey, and Ukraine. The results were analysed and presented in tables and figures. Descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate was 100%. Of the 34 participating countries, 31 reported having an NCCP or equivalent cancer control document in 2024. Most countries had 1 comprehensive document, while 9 prepared multiple documents. The majority were defined as programmes and/or strategies, followed by plans and policies. In terms of quality, as recommended by the Guide, only 6 countries fully incorporated all suggested elements into their NCCPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that most European countries recognise the significant challenge posed by cancer as a major public health problem and have developed NCCPs or equivalent cancer control documents. However, in terms of quality, there remains considerable room for improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 2","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and Reliability of the Slovenian Translation of the Adherence to Exercise for Musculoskeletal Pain Tool (ATEMPT).","authors":"Suzana Pustivšek, Maja Dakskobler, Andraž Furlan, Tim Kambič","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0010","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Subjective measures for assessing exercise adherence in patients with non-cancer widespread chronic muscle pain (CMP) are limited. Following the recent development of the valid and reliable Adherence To Exercise for Musculoskeletal Pain Tool (ATEMPT), this study aimed to assess the reliability of the Slovenian translation of the questionnaire for measuring exercise adherence in Slovenian patients with CMP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 107 patients with CMP (95% female), with a mean (SD) age of 56 (8) years, to assess the reliability and construct validity of the Slovenian version of ATEMPT. Following initial translation into Slovenian by 2 experienced translators and minor adaptation of terminology after discussing with people and an exercise specialist, the questionnaire was administered on 2 occasions, with a median (IQR) of 8 (0) days between assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, test-retest comparisons showed similar scores for each item and for the score. Correlations between test and retest scores for each item and the total score were positive and moderate to high (all 0.533 < r < 0.733, all p < 0.001). Reliability of each item and the total score was significant and ranged from moderate (first, third and fourth items; intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] = 0.688-0.700) to good (second and sixth items and overall score; ICC = 0.824-0.852). Construct validity was strong, with all items loading onto a single underlying factor that explained 57% of the variance in ATEMPT scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Slovenian translation of ATEMPT demonstrated moderate to excellent measurement properties and can therefore be used to assess exercise adherence in people with CMP.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 2","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secular Trends in Height, Body Mass, and BMI among Girls in the Eastern Poland Region (1986-2021): Public Health Perspectives.","authors":"Agnieszka Wasiluk, Jerzy Saczuk","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0006","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To assess long-term changes in body mass index (BMI) and weight status among girls from Eastern Poland between 1986 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from repeated cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted in Eastern Poland in 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016, and 2021. The study included 14,825 girls aged 8, 13, and 17 years, recruited from the same schools across survey waves. Body height and body mass were measured by trained personnel using standardised procedures, and BMI was calculated. Weight status categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity) were defined using international BMI cut-off points. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1986 and 2021, the largest increase in BMI was observed among 13-year-old girls (+1.66 kg/m²), followed by 8-year-olds (+1.14 kg/m²), while a decrease occurred among 17-year-olds (-1.13 kg/m²). The prevalence of underweight declined among 8- and 13-year-olds by 2.70 and 3.15 percentage points, respectively, but increased among 17-year-olds by 1.85 percentage points. In parallel, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity increased across all age groups: 19.89 percentage points among 8-year-olds, 10.66 among 13-year-olds, and 3.87 among 17-year-olds, with the greatest increases occurring in recent survey periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the past 35 years, BMI distribution among girls in Eastern Poland has shifted towards higher values, accompanied by a rise in overweight and obesity. The increase in underweight among older adolescents may reflect psychosocial pressures. These findings highlight the need for age-specific public health strategies addressing both excessive and insufficient body mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 1","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Specialist Palliative Care in Aggressive End of Life Management of Patients with Advanced Cancer.","authors":"Nena Golob, Teja Oblak, Boštjan Šeruga","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0007","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a growing concern that terminally ill cancer patients may be receiving aggressive management at the end of life. This study aimed to evaluate the use of aggressive management (anticancer treatment and medical care) in patients with advanced cancer in their last month of life and to evaluate the influence of specialist palliative care on it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included adult patients with advanced solid cancers treated at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana who died between January 2015 and December 2019. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the aggressiveness of anticancer treatment and medical care, the year of death, age at death, sex, prognosis, type of cancer and inclusion of specialist palliative care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1,736 patients in our analysis. 538 (31%) patients received at least one anticancer treatment modality. There was an increasing use of chemotherapy and novel systemic therapies. A significant predictor for aggressive anticancer treatment (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.95-0.97) and medical care (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.95-0.97) was younger age. Inclusion into the specialist palliative care was strongly associated with less aggressive anticancer treatment (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.12-0.31) and medical care (OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.15-0.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the last month of life, there was an increasing use of chemotherapy and novel systemic therapies, especially in younger patients. Inclusion in specialist palliative care was associated with less aggressive end-of-life management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fifteen Years of Health-and-Environment Research in Slovenia.","authors":"Tanja Carli, Andreja Kukec, Lijana Zaletel-Kragelj, Ivan Eržen","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0001","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The environment in which we are born, live, work, and age is an important determinant of human health. This review summarises key epidemiological studies conducted over the past 15 years at the Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, in collaboration with experts in public health, clinical medicine, and other health and environmental disciplines. Methodological approaches for linking health and environmental data, including advanced spatial epidemiological methods to assess the impact of ambient air pollutants on respiratory diseases and diabetes, were highlighted. Considering the observed health outcomes among children and adolescents, new tools were developed and validated to estimate the prevalence of asthma and sleep-related problems among youths. In adults, the review examines the lifetime prevalence of first and recurrent systemic allergic reactions to bee venom among beekeepers, emphasising the need for effective risk-management strategies. Overall, the studies demonstrated the value of integrating health and environmental data to better understand and address public health challenges in Slovenia. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in developing evidence-based public health policies to mitigate environmental health risks and promote a high quality of life for present and future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Biological Therapy on Symptom Burden and Functional Disability in Patients with Migraine: A Before-and-After Analysis.","authors":"Albina Ličina, Andrej Fabjan, Janez Žibert, Tina Kamenšek","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0005","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to assess the effectiveness of biological therapies in reducing migraine-related symptom burden and functional disability, including reductions in monthly migraine days, pain intensity, and analgesic consumption, among patients with migraine in Slovenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analysed 92 adult patients with migraine receiving prophylactic biological treatment at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana. Average number of monthly migraine days (MMD), average analgesic consumption, pain intensity (VAS), and functional disability score (MIDAS) were collected before treatment and after 3 and 12 months. Statistical analysis involved the Friedman test to assess changes over time, followed by Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni correction for post hoc comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>83 patients completed 12 months of treatment. Significant reductions (p < 0.001) were observed in MMD (median 10 vs. 2 days), analgesic consumption, VAS scores (median 8 vs. 4), and MIDAS scores after 3 months (median 19 vs. 2), sustained at 12 months. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 9 patients due to inefficacy or side effects. Most patients tolerated biologics well, with mild adverse effects reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biological therapies significantly reduced migraine-related symptom burden and functional disability, including decreases in migraine frequency, pain intensity, and analgesic use, in a Slovenian migraine cohort. These findings support the use of biologics as effective and safe options for migraine prevention in real-world clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the 7C Vaccination Readiness Scale: Evidence from Slovenia.","authors":"Mitja Vrdelja, Stefani Branilović, Monika Lamot, Andrej Kirbiš","doi":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0004","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjph-2026-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vaccine hesitancy remains a major global public health challenge. Psychological models, such as the 7C vaccination readiness scale, aim to identify key psychological determinants of vaccine uptake. While the scale has shown validity in various cultural contexts, its psychometric properties have not yet been evaluated in Slovenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assessed the psychometric properties, convergent validity, and criterion validity of the Slovenian version of the 7C scale using a representative sample of 1,350 adults via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlation coefficients, and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bifactor model showed mixed psychometric properties. CFA revealed a weak model fit, with two items showing inadmissible estimates; these were removed. The revised model showed improved estimation and acceptable, though still suboptimal, fit indices. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations between the general vaccination readiness factor and conspiracy beliefs, while individual components showed weaker associations. Criterion validity analyses showed that the general factor was the strongest predictor of vaccination intention, with calculation and compliance also contributing. The 7C model explained more variance in vaccination intention than the 5C model, suggesting greater utility. Despite structural limitations, the scale demonstrates practical value and offers recommendations for refinement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Slovenian version of the 7C scale proved to be a valuable tool for predicting vaccination intention. The general factor was a robust predictor, and calculation and compliance showed additional validity. However, components like complacency and constraints need revision to improve model fit. With refinement, the 7C scale holds promise for research and public health applications across contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":45127,"journal":{"name":"Zdravstveno Varstvo","volume":"65 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}