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User Representations as a Design Resource 作为设计资源的用户表示
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.23987/STS.84598
Kaisa Savolainen, S. Hyysalo
{"title":"User Representations as a Design Resource","authors":"Kaisa Savolainen, S. Hyysalo","doi":"10.23987/STS.84598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.84598","url":null,"abstract":"The study of how the understanding of usages and users is achieved and turned into the characteristics of products comprises ‘the sociology of user representation’ in Science and Technology Studies. Whilst the early research on the topic was foremost a critique of designers’ imposition of theirimagination and preferences on prospective users, research has since discovered a richer research landscape in accomplishing the difficult task of anticipating the future contexts and identities of users. Our paper continues this line of work by examining a situation where first-hand access to users is blocked from human-centred design-oriented designers. Constructing an array of complementary user representations helps them to bridge the previously accumulated knowledge on users in their trade to the envisioned technology. The complementarities in the handful of key user segment representations and what is represented in their explicated form allowed the design team to make reasoned and accountable design decisions.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"25-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79893007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Pragmatic Turn in Clinical Research 临床研究中的语用转向
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.23987/STS.92043
O. Zvonareva
{"title":"The Pragmatic Turn in Clinical Research","authors":"O. Zvonareva","doi":"10.23987/STS.92043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.92043","url":null,"abstract":"How does knowledge obtained in clinical trials apply to the actual treatment of patients? This question has recently acquired a new significance amidst complaints about the limited ability of trial results to improve clinical practice. Pragmatic clinical trials have been advocated to address this problem. In this article, I trace the emergence of the pragmatic turn in clinical research, starting from the first mention of ‘pragmatic trial’ in 1967, and analyse the changes to how pragmatism has been conceived. I argue that contemporary version of pragmatism risks missing the mark by focusing exclusively on establishing similarity between the trial and the clinic for the purpose of greater generalizability. This focus eclipses the move for carefully aligning medical experimentation with conditions, needs and concerns in the clinic aimed at greater usefulness.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"6-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75380097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Note from the Editorial Team 编辑团队的说明
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.23987/STS.107723
Salla Sariola
{"title":"Note from the Editorial Team","authors":"Salla Sariola","doi":"10.23987/STS.107723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.107723","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48122377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial - What Does Openness Conceal? 社论-开放隐藏了什么?
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.23987/STS.107722
Salla Sariola
{"title":"Editorial - What Does Openness Conceal?","authors":"Salla Sariola","doi":"10.23987/STS.107722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.107722","url":null,"abstract":"It is our pleasure to share some recent news from the journal regarding open access and evaluation indicators. S&TS is now listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and has an impact factor from Clarivate Analytics. As the relevance of open knowledge is more pertinent than ever, a few reflections about these developments are in order. I organise the thoughts by extending Marilyn Strathern’s (2000) question what does visibility conceal.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79947908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Configuring Devices for Phenomena in-the-Making 为正在产生的现象配置设备
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-04-15 DOI: 10.23987/STS.95083
H. Karasti, Andrea Botero, J. Saad-Sulonen, K. Baker
{"title":"Configuring Devices for Phenomena in-the-Making","authors":"H. Karasti, Andrea Botero, J. Saad-Sulonen, K. Baker","doi":"10.23987/STS.95083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.95083","url":null,"abstract":"STS scholars are engaging in collaborative research in order to study extended socio-technical phenomena. This article participates in discussions on methodography and inventive methods by reflecting on visualizations used both internally by a team of researchers and together with study participants. We describe how these devices for generating and transforming data were brought to our ethnographic inquiry into the formation of research infrastructures which we found to be unwieldy and evolving phenomena. The visualizations are partial renderings of the object of inquiry, crafted and informed by ‘configuration’ as a method of assemblage that supports ethnographic study of contemporary socio-technical phenomena. We scrutinize our interdisciplinary bringing together of visualizing devices - timelines, collages, and sketches - and position them in the STS methods toolbox for inquiry and invention. These devices are key to investigating and engaging with the dynamics of configuring infrastructures intended to support scientific knowledge production. We conclude by observing how our three kinds of visualizing devices provide flexibility, comprehension and in(ter)ventive opportunities for study of and engagement with complex phenomena in-the-making.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86283379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Affordance, Role, and Script as Complementary Concepts of Artefact-User Interaction, Illustrated by the Example of an Egg Separator 功能，角色和脚本作为人工制品-用户交互的互补概念，以蛋分离器为例说明
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.23987/STS.89519
Ingo Schulz-Schaeffer
{"title":"Affordance, Role, and Script as Complementary Concepts of Artefact-User Interaction, Illustrated by the Example of an Egg Separator","authors":"Ingo Schulz-Schaeffer","doi":"10.23987/STS.89519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.89519","url":null,"abstract":"This article suggests employing the affordance concept, the role concept, and the script concept in a complementary manner as analytical tools for investigating artefact-user interaction at three different levels of stability, abstraction, and interrelatedness. It argues that the affordance concept is best suited to describing general possibilities for action constituted by common technical features in combination with common taken-for-granted knowledge of how to use them. The script concept, in contrast, is best suited to analysing the most concrete situations of interaction between artefacts and users: those situations in which the interaction is defined by one particular course of action. In between, there is a middle level characterised by artefacts and users being involved in several interrelated activities for which the role concept provides the tools for analysis.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76336382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Godin Benoît (2020) The Idea of Technological Innovation: A Brief Alternative History. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. 208 pages. ISBN: 978 1 83910 401 5. Godin beno<e:1>(2020)技术创新的理念:一个简短的替代历史。切尔滕纳姆:爱德华·埃尔加出版社，208页。Isbn: 978 183910401。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.23987/STS.101367
A. Pols
{"title":"Godin Benoît (2020) The Idea of Technological Innovation: A Brief Alternative History. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. 208 pages. ISBN: 978 1 83910 401 5.","authors":"A. Pols","doi":"10.23987/STS.101367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.101367","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"289 1","pages":"90-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76454196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Benjamin Ruha (2019) Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code. Medford: Polity Press. 172 pages. eISBN: 9781509526437 本杰明·鲁哈(2019)技术后的竞赛:新吉姆代码的废除主义者工具。梅德福:政治出版社，172页。eISBN: 9781509526437
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.23987/STS.102639
J. Longworth
{"title":"Benjamin Ruha (2019) Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code. Medford: Polity Press. 172 pages. eISBN: 9781509526437","authors":"J. Longworth","doi":"10.23987/STS.102639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.102639","url":null,"abstract":"Book reivew of Ruha Benajmin's Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"92-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88897869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interdisciplinary Projects as an Expert-Network 作为专家网络的跨学科项目
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.23987/STS.87339
N. Stephens, Phil Stephens
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Projects as an Expert-Network","authors":"N. Stephens, Phil Stephens","doi":"10.23987/STS.87339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.87339","url":null,"abstract":"We report an analysis of how an interdisciplinary project bringing together biologists, physicists and engineers worked in practice. The authorship team are the Principle Investigator who led the project, and a social scientist who studied the project as it was conducted by interviewing participants and observing practice. We argue it is accurate and productive to think of the interdisciplinary team as an Expert-Network, which means it was a managed set of relationships between disciplinary groups punctuated by specific junctions at which interdisciplinary exchange of materials, knowledge, and in limited cases, practices, occurred. We stress the role of trust in knowledge exchange, and document how hard sharing knowledge – and especially tacit knowledge - between disciplines can be. Key is the flexible management of the network, as the membership and required skill set change. Our analysis is embedded within, and contributes to, the Sociology of Experience and Expertise (SEE) framework. We close by suggesting advice for others seeking to manage a similar interdisciplinary Expert-Network.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88728927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Embodiment in Ethnographic Collaborations 人种学合作中的体现
IF 1.2 4区 社会学
Science and Technology Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.23987/STS.96101
Alexandra Endaltseva, Sonja Jerak-Zuiderent
{"title":"Embodiment in Ethnographic Collaborations","authors":"Alexandra Endaltseva, Sonja Jerak-Zuiderent","doi":"10.23987/STS.96101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23987/STS.96101","url":null,"abstract":"This article – grounded in ethnographic fieldwork within the organization of chronic patients with multiple sclerosis in Russia – empiricizes and problematizes the work it takes to craft ethnographic collaborations with care. We attend to the notion of collaboration ‘from a body’, or, rather, from bodies-in-movement. By scrutinizing three turning points of our ethnographic fieldwork along with our relations with partners in the field, we specify how movement matters in ethnographic collaborations. Attention to the embodiment work allows us to specify the energy and resources such collaborations ask for and that are otherwise silenced or neglected. We distinguish three instances of embodiment work in such collaborations – composition, moving with and being moved by, as well as pausing. By attending to how ‘we know’ through crafting and maintaining ethnographic collaborations, this article contributes to a broader question of how to care for differences in ethnographic collaborations.","PeriodicalId":45119,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74336152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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