Evolution Psychiatrique最新文献

{"title":"Esquisse pour une psychopathologie psychanalytique de l’environnement","authors":"Julie Chevalier (Psychologue clinicienne, docteure en psychologie clinique et psychopathologie)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The environment is a concept that allows us to re-examine classical psychoanalytic psychopathology, starting with the nature of the symptom and the processes that structure it, then the notions of the normal and the pathological. This article thus proposes the main axes of a psychoanalytic psychopathology of the environment in an intersubjective dimension.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We carry out a singular reading and analysis of Donald W. Winnicott's theories on the environment and the concepts related to it, in particular dependence, the self, aggressiveness, and repair. Then we describe their complementarities and their breaks with Anglo-Saxon theories, as developed by Sándor Ferenczi, Melanie Klein, and Michael Balint.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There are different types of failures depending on whether the environment impinges affectively and bodily on the needs of the infant through seduction, torment, or disappearance. What matters is the moment of dependence during which they take place, generating either potentially a psychotic or manic-depressive organization at the moment of absolute dependence, or potentially an antisocial organization at the moment of relative dependence. The failures of the environment (Winnicott) can thus be considered complementary to the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions (Klein), as well as to the concepts of ocnophilia and philobatism (Balint).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The concept of environment also shows how motor skills constitute an important intersubjective experience in the construction of the self. In parents, this manifests itself above all in ordinary holding; in infants, in the aggressiveness at the origin of their spontaneous gestures, both destructive and creative, then becoming more broadly restorative in the family and social environments. Regression to dependence may become necessary for the exploration of primary experiences inherent to the individual-environment dyad, and may also have a function of intersubjective reintegration.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This sketch for a psychoanalytic psychopathology of the environment is therefore relevant for interpreting the sufferings of the self as intersubjective “disorders” and for analyzing clinical cases of regression to dependence in the analytic situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 148-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135605963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sortir de la « mortification » institutionnelle par le collectif ? Héritage clinique et politique de Fernando Ulloa","authors":"Lucia Bley (Psychologue clinicienne, Docteure en Psychanalyse et Psychopathologie)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>L’article propose de découvrir l’œuvre et le parcours clinique et politique de Fernando Ulloa, référence incontournable de l’analyse institutionnelle en Argentine, et ses échos avec le mouvement de la psychothérapie institutionnelle en France.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Par une étude de ses œuvres et de ses interventions dans la sphère universitaire, psychanalytique et politique, nous montrons comment le travail de Fernando Ulloa interroge les violences qui parcourent les institutions de soin ainsi que la notion de collectif.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Son effort constant pour articuler psychanalyse et politique résonne avec les violences que traverse le soin psychique actuel en France, questionne notre rapport aux dogmes théoriques et propose de concevoir l’éthique analytique comme celle d’un « être psychanalyste » dans l’instant, et non comme identité.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>En replaçant l’enjeu social au cœur du travail clinique et en intriquant les dimensions thérapeutiques et didactiques, l’œuvre de Fernando Ulloa est fortement imprégnée de celle de Pichon Rivière, dont il fut l’un des principaux élèves, et de ses « groupes opératifs ». En effet, son travail de psychanalyste auprès de ce qu’il nomme les « numérosités sociales » vise à contribuer à l’émergence d’une pensée critique collective. Son engagement pour la justice sociale et sa lutte pour les Droits de l’Homme le mènent à théoriser la notion de « culture de mortification », une certaine tonalité de la souffrance institutionnelle contemporaine. Il montre comment le collectif et la « tendresse » sont deux voies de sortie de cette mortification.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>L’héritage clinique et politique de Fernando Ulloa est de nous aider à interroger notre engagement dans la clinique et à penser ce qui soigne l’institution et ceux qui la pratiquent.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The article proposes to explore the work as well as the clinical and political career of Fernando Ulloa, an essential reference for institutional analysis in Argentina. It will also address links with the movement for institutional psychotherapy in France.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Through a study of his works and his lectures in the academic, psychoanalytical, and political sphere, we show how Fernando Ulloa's work interrogates the violence that runs through healthcare institutions as well as the notion of “collective elaboration.”</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>By putting the social issue at the heart of clinical work and by interweaving the therapeutic and didactic dimensions, the work of Fernando Ulloa is strongly inspired by that of Pichon Rivière, of whom he was one of the main students, and of the latter's “group operatives”. Indeed, his work as a psychoanalyst with what he calls “social numerosity” aims to contribute to the emergence of collective critical thought. His commitment to social justice and his fight for human rig","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychopathologie des psychoses dissociatives et Topique du clivage","authors":"Frédérique Debout-Cosme (Psychologue clinicienne, Maîtresse de Conférences en psychopathologie et psychodynamique du travail)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>L’article vise à soutenir une conception métapsychologique permettant de critiquer le modèle déficitaire de la psychose en psychiatrie. Cette critique visant l’héritage de la pensée kraepelinienne et passant par la discussion des apports d’E. Bleuler et H. Ey s’articule autour de la distinction entre les notions de « déficit » et de « défaut ».</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>À partir d’un cas issu de sa clinique au sein d’une unité d’accueil familial thérapeutique pour adultes psychotiques, l’auteure revient à la théorie des psychoses dissociatives à partir du « travailler » et du « travail vivant » de ceux qui prennent soin de ces malades.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>En mobilisant la théorie laplanchienne de la genèse de la pensée et la topique du clivage de Christophe Dejours, l’auteure soutient l’idée que ce qui caractérise la psychose dissociative n’est pas le déficit mais l’inhibition.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Cette inhibition touche les fonctions affectives et perceptives du corps. Elle représente une modalité défensive ne découlant pas d’un traumatisme mais d’un défaut de construction du corps érotique entraînant une économie pulsionnelle singulière appelée disruptive.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Ce défaut de construction n’est pas irréversible mais le traitement thérapeutique de ces patients nécessite–condition <em>sine qua non</em>–la mobilisation du corps érotique des soignants pour la mise au travail de soi sur soi du patient.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The article proposes a metapsychological conception allowing us to criticize the deficit model of psychosis in psychiatry. This criticism of the Kraepelinian heritage, through the discussion of the contributions of E. Bleuler and H. Ey, revolves around the distinction between the notions of “deficit” and “default.”</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>From a case extracted from her clinical experience in a therapeutic foster care unit for psychotic adults, the author returns to the theory of dissociative psychosis from the “work” and “living work” of those who care for these patients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>By mobilizing the Laplanchian theory of the genesis of thought and Christophe Dejours's topography of splitting, the author maintains that what characterizes dissociative psychosis is not deficit but inhibition.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>This inhibition affects the emotional and perceptual functions of the body. It represents a defensive modality not resulting from a trauma but from a defect in the construction of the erotic body leading to a singular instinctual economy, labeled disruptive.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This construction defect is not irreversible, but the therapeutic treatment of these patients requires–a sine qua non condition–the mobilization of the erotic body of the caregivers, in order for the patient to begin their own self-work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 119-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La perspective créatrice de l’autisme : le cas extraordinaire de l’autiste peintre Iris Grace","authors":"Myriam Chérel (Maître de conférence en psychopathologie clinique)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this work is to examine the subjective relationship of autistic subjects to artistic creation, particularly graphic creation. More specifically, it examines the conditions under which graphic creativity can be an autistic subject's preferred means of directing the excess impulses that invade him or her into an out-of-body object, and thereby opening up the possibility of creating a multidimensional space for him- or herself.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Critical analysis of the main theories in the scientific literature on the graphic abilities of autistic subjects. Confrontation of the hypotheses of a cognitive deficit and those of a psychodynamic current. We propose our theoretical development based on a case study. Psychodynamic study of the functions of art and, more generally, of creativity and inventiveness in autistic subjects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Painting allowed Iris Grace to build her relationship to the world, to her body, to others, and to speech, that is to say, to build a real subjective dynamic. Iris Grace's graphic creativity testifies to one autistic subject's preference for directing an invasive instinctual excess onto paper, into an out-of-body object, thereby allowing her to create a multidimensional space where libido, body, and link to the other were unfolded and complexified.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The use of drawings, and their infinite details, allows us to see that artistic creation raises the question of writing. We develop the link with the use of computerized devices and their 3D software: certain autistic subjects prefer this mode of writing because the computer allows them to isolate, in details, the dimensions of the language. Each form, each place, each color, each detail, all these “Ones” lead us to consider that the work of autistic subjects is more about making a consistent whole out of these “Ones”. What clinical work with autistic people teaches us is how effective it is to bet on the strengths of each individual, even if they are first and foremost fixation, obsession, or focus. In this way, they can have some chance of being invested as an out-of-body object, enabling the creation of a multidimensional space. This is not to suggest that painting and/or drawing can be a therapy for every autistic person, or a particularly suitable form of art mediation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Supporting the creativity of each autistic person in this way helps them to deal with excess jouissance, and to locate it on an edge, thus facilitating the regulation of libido and drives, thanks to the creation of a link and an openness to the world and to learning. In institutional care, it's a question of welcoming the autistic subject as he or she presents him- or herself, welcoming the real the subject has to deal with, and ensuring that his or her creation and inventiveness, whatever it may be, is increasingly cobbled together as a Borromean knot; in s","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 45-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disjonction entre image et identité : histoire et actualité du signe du miroir","authors":"Mickaël Peoc’h (Maître de conférences associé en psychopathologie clinique)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This article focuses on the “mirror sign” as an element of psychiatric semiology. Considered as a prodrome of schizophrenia during its description between 1927 and 1930, the article aims to shed light on its contemporary relevance, particularly with regard to changes in society concerning the subject's relationship to their image as well as the relationship to identity or self.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>After reviewing the history of the discovery and description of this sign, in order to shed light on its origins and on some essential elements, we take up the hypothesis of a link between a failure of the Lacanian “mirror stage” (stade du miroir) and the occurrence of the sign of the mirror. Links between original description, the frequency of body image disorders in psychosis, and the consequence of the mirror stage on symbolic identity are clarified. A few clinical fragments allow us to question the unfolding hypothesis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mirror sign appeared at the beginning of the 20th century as a prognosis for schizophrenia. Alienists linked it to homosexuality, then considered pathological. It appears today that the clinical class of the disorders that can be referred to this sign emerges essentially from a disjunction between body image and identity. This sign can be heuristically put into perspective with the Lacanian statement unpacked in “<em>Le stade du miroir comme formateur de la fonction du Je</em>,” and with the hypothesis that the psychotic structure also offers subjects the possibility of non-standard symptomatic responses. The sign of the mirror and the subjective responses that result from it shed light on what it is that some subjects seeking to create, by working on their image, on their body, a new identity, to respond to an initial perceived disjunction between image and identity.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>If the sign of the mirror inspires a large number of subjective responses aimed at modifying the body to make it conform to a new identity, and thereby carrying viable neo-identity solutions, it is not experienced without some discomfort in most cases. Nothing makes it possible to predict its future, and the therapeutic action is limited to identifying this sign and supporting the possible elaborations of the subjects who aspire to produce a conjunction between image and identity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>One hundred years after its discovery, the mirror sign, is still an extremely relevant element of psychiatric semiology. It does not necessarily constitute a prodrome of schizophrenia, but it indicates a subjective difficulty in associating image with identity. The symptomatic response of the subject does not require the validation of the clinician; it is linked to a subjective malaise, which can be welcomed, whatever the outcome of this sign.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 407-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maltraitances sexuelles infantiles et répétition victimaire dans les relations conjugales à l’âge adulte","authors":"Justine Cesari (Psychologue clinicienne, Doctorante en Psychologie Clinique),&nbsp;Alicia Landbeck (Psychologue clinicienne, Chercheuse associée),&nbsp;Houari Maïdi (Psychologue clinicien, psychanalyste, Professeur de Psychologie clinique et psychopathologie),&nbsp;Rose-Angélique Belot (Psychologue clinicienne, Professeure de Psychologie clinique et psychopathologie)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>In this article, we show the consequences of childhood sexual abuse on psychic development and its implication in victimary repetition in adulthood.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The case study presented in this article is from a doctoral research project in psychology about the impact of early relationships on the experience of intimate partner violence in adulthood. This case appears emblematic of the rest of our population. The elements mentioned are anonymized and analyzed from a psychoanalytic perspective.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results show the conscious and unconscious consequences of childhood sexual abuse on the victims’ psychological development. Indeed, the psychic intrusion following early sexual abuse hinders the construction of the self and prevents the psychic instances from functioning properly. This intrusion also leads to repetition in violent intimate relationships. Oscillating between primary and secondary processes, the person can cut her/himself off from a part of her/his emotional life to avoid psychic and/or somatic disorganization.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>After experiencing early sexual trauma, even if the psychic apparatus is temporarily able to keep the traumatic elements far from the conscious mind, these elements still act in the unconscious. The work of shame and guilt, which are constitutive elements of moral masochism, lock the subject into a deadly repetition compulsion that can promote the experience of repetitive intimate partner violence (physical, psychological, sexual) in adulthood.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To prevent, detect, and care for women victims of childhood sexual abuse, it is necessary to consider their modalities of psychic functioning, the formation of their Self, and their ability to psychically transform the trauma they suffered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 423-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fantasmorphoses et machines à influencer dans l’univers de l’anorexie masculine","authors":"Philippe Givre","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Although the amalgam of male anorexia and psychosis that has long dominated classical psychiatric literature needs to be put into perspective, the relations between male anorexia and “cold” psychosis, mono-symptomatic psychosis, or delusions of passivity nevertheless warrant further exploration in cases of patients who develop the most chronic symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Rather surprising similarities and echoes will be shown through the cross-analysis of the fantasies of a patient suffering from restrictive mental anorexia since the age of twelve and the autobiographical and literary writings of Franz Kafka that attest to the presence of a unique imaginary world linked to particularly invasive preoccupations with food and eating.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This comparative analytical study of fantasies and fantasmorphoses involved in the issues of anorexia and in Kafka's universe highlights the important role of what Tausk described as “influencing machines,” which originate in the projection of one's own body considered in its entirety as a genital organ. Paradoxically, these influencing machines, by acting primarily as inhibitors of the drives, will mainly contribute to a weakening of the subjects’ virility.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>To identify the reasons behind this rejection of the pubertary process and genitality, we must consider that there is a defect in the structuring of the Superego, associated with a failure of bisexualization in this same Superego. One of the clinical hypotheses offered is that this failure or dislocation of the agency of the Superego is responsible for the emergence of a megalomaniacal and asexual Ego ideal.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Whereas Kafka was able to draw creative and sublimatory resources from this imaginary world, the defensive modes elicited by anorexic patients who develop the most troubling symptoms will generally not be enough to completely conceal the de-realizing impact of fantasmorphoses or the uncanny feelings caused by the underlying presence of such “influencing machines.”</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 355-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sur le terrain, souterraine porcelaine … savoirs associés dans la pratique en CMP infanto-juvénile","authors":"Yann Craus (psychiatre, praticien hospitalier)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Following the evolution of public health policies, which are increasingly experienced by workers in this field as a lack of interest from the supervisory authorities, the aim was to clarify the missions of the medical-psychological centers (CMP) for children and adolescents and above all to testify, for the benefit of colleagues and partners, to the creativity of these structures, to which users are flocking.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A study day on the specificities of sector work in child psychiatry was held at the Ste-Anne Hospital in Paris in June 2019.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>As a participant in the first round table entitled “From the land to the territory”, I will take up here what I tried to make more visible regarding professional practice in CMPs, based on the implementation of associated knowledge, at a time when public health policies are situated at the territorial level.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>I set out how and where the child psychiatrist intervenes in the CMP. It depends on both his own knowledge and what is expected.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This epistemological thinking could help the child psychiatrist to communicate directly with the people he serves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 459-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revaloriser la dimension du contact en psychiatrie. Du Praecox Gefülh à un outil de typification des formes d’existence humaine","authors":"Héloïse Haliday","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The clinician who adopts a psychoanalytic approach in a psychiatric context often regards the encounter between two individuals as an interplay of subjectivities, whose mode of being-in-the-world is shaped by their unique historical experiences. Despite some psychoanalytic authors exploring the concept of “contact,” it has often been reduced to its similarity with transference and countertransference, with little attention given to its distinctive qualities. This limits psychoanalysis in its ability to conceptualize an unmediated, preverbal encounter between two individuals. In this article, we argue that the dimension of “contact” cannot be equated with transference, and that it constitutes a vital tool for diagnosing and guiding therapy for various clinical conditions commonly encountered in psychiatry.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This article is based on theoretical considerations. We first worked on the history of the concept of contact, then of <em>Praecox Gefühl</em> in the works of H.C. Rümke, to which we added the findings of current studies on the relevance of <em>Praecox Gefühl</em> in the diagnosis of schizophrenia and the study of the works of the great phenomenological psychiatrists. In so doing, we aimed to show that contact could be a tool of great use for psychiatric diagnosis, insofar that it allows for a typification of the forms of existence of different patients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>H.C. Rümke's investigation of the concept of <em>Praecox Gefühl</em> highlights the unique mode of contact observed in schizophrenia. It is distinct from the feeling of strangeness and involves an intuitive observation of a perceived distance within the clinical relationship. Given that many psychiatric pathologies can cause patients to withdraw from the shared world, we suggest that the notion of <em>Praecox Gefühl</em>, beyond its original designation of the clinician's experience of schizophrenic dissociation and the particularities of the schizophrenic mode of being-in-the-world, may be applicable to other pathologies studied in psychiatric phenomenology. We propose four main forms of contact: the loss of vitality in schizophrenia, the untraceable authenticity of the hysteric, the impossible fluidity in the melancholic, and the failure of anchorage in mania. By approaching contact as a fractal form that reveals the entire mode of the subject's being-in-the-world, this typifying approach goes beyond a purely semiological or etiological reflection and can be diagnostically useful in guiding therapeutic efforts to enhance the subject's capacity to truly engage with others.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Our paper focuses on the relationship between contact and what clinicians commonly refer to as an “encounter”. It is important to recognize that contact is not always equivalent to an encounter, and that assuming otherwise risks overlooking the possibility that certain relational modalities could act","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 335-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benoît Pype, Géographie transitoire, Paris","authors":"Norbert Godon (Artiste conférencier)","doi":"10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45007,"journal":{"name":"Evolution Psychiatrique","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 468-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}