发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Cracked T-Piece from a Copper Hot Water System 铜制热水系统的t形件破裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001180
Egon Kauczor
{"title":"Cracked T-Piece from a Copper Hot Water System","authors":"Egon Kauczor","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001180","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A T-piece from a copper hot water system failed. Microscopic examination of a polished section revealed a main crack and branching transcrystalline cracks running from the outer surface of the pipe into the pipe wall. The crack appearance indicated disintegration by stress-corrosion cracking. Although copper is not susceptible in the pure state, it is prone to stress-corrosion cracking under tensile stress in the presence of other elements in a damp ammoniacal atmosphere. The material was not defective, but a phosphorus-deoxidized copper type. The residual phosphorus combined with oxygen to form phosphorus pentoxide. Hard soldering in turn prevented the formation of cuprous oxide, and hydrogen embrittlement occurred.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114985484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Failure of Welds in an Aqueduct Caused by Poor Welding Techniques 某渡槽焊接工艺不良导致焊缝失效
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0089752
{"title":"Failure of Welds in an Aqueduct Caused by Poor Welding Techniques","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0089752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0089752","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A 208 cm (82 in.) ID steel aqueduct (ASTM A572, grade 42, type 2 steel) fractured circumferentially at two points 152 m (500 ft) apart in a section above ground. A year later, another fracture occurred in a buried section 6.4 km (4 mi) away. Both pipes fractured during Jan at similar temperatures and pressures. The pipe had a 24 mm wall thickness, and the hydrostatic head was 331 m (1085 ft). The air temperature was approximately -13 deg C (9 deg F), the water temperature approximately 0.6 deg C (33 deg F), and the steel temperature approximately -4 deg C (25 deg F). The pipe had been shop-fabricated in 12 m (40 ft) lengths, then shop welded into 24 m (80 ft) lengths. Field assembly was with bell-and-spigot joints. Investigation (visual inspection and Charpy V-notch testing) supported the conclusion that brittle fracture of the aqueduct pipe was attributed to a combination of stress concentrations at the toes of the fillet welds due to poor welding technique, including shop welds made without preheat, and a brittle condition of the steel at winter temperatures. Recommendations included revised welding techniques, installation of expansion joints, and the use of steel plate rolled from fully killed ingots.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116515667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbially Influenced Corrosion of Brass Piping 微生物对黄铜管道腐蚀的影响
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091806
{"title":"Microbially Influenced Corrosion of Brass Piping","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091806","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A failure occurred in buried brass (92% Cu, 8% Zn) piping used to carry drinking water in wet clay soil after less than two years in service. Investigation (visual inspection, chemical analysis of both the pipe surface and water, and a comparison of the corrosion failure of power station condenser tubing cooled by seawater for two copper alloys, an aluminum brass alloyed with arsenic (UNS C68700, ASTM B111, or Cu-Zn-20Al DIN17660), and a cupronickel 70-30 alloy with iron added (C71500, ASTM B111, or Cu-Ni-30Fe DIN17665)) supported the conclusion that the failure was caused by microbial induced corrosion by sulfate-reducing bacteria. No recommendations were made.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126137462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ruptured Prestressing Cables from a Viaduct 高架桥预应力索断裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001221
F. Naumann, F. Spies
{"title":"Ruptured Prestressing Cables from a Viaduct","authors":"F. Naumann, F. Spies","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001221","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 During the construction of a prestressed concrete viaduct, several 12.2 mm diam wires ruptured after tensioning but before the channels were grouted. They were made of heat treated prestressed concrete steel St 145/160. While the wire bundles, each containing over 100 wires, were being drawn into the channels they were repeatedly pulled over the sharp edges of square section guide blocks. The fractures were initiated at these chafe zones. It was concluded that the chafing of the wires on the edges of the guide blocks, particularly the resulting martensite formation, caused the wires to rupture.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123136810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dezincification of a Chromium-Plated Copper Alloy Tube 镀铬铜合金管的脱锌
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091378
{"title":"Dezincification of a Chromium-Plated Copper Alloy Tube","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091378","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) diam tube was removed from a potable water supply due to leaks. The tube wall thickness was 0.711 mm (0.028 in.) with a thin layer of chromium plate on the OD surface. The tube had been in service for approximately 33 years. Investigation (visual inspection, EDS deposit analysis, metallurgical examination, and unetched magnified images) supported the conclusion that failure occurred due to porous material typical of plug-type dezincification initiating from the inside surface. Where the dezincification had progressed through the tube wall, the chromium plate had exfoliated from the base material and cracked. Recommendations included replacing the piping with a more corrosion-resistant material such as red brass (UNS C23000), inhibited Admiralty brass (UNS C44300), or arsenical aluminum brass (UNS C68700).","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114874771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dezincification of Silicon Brass in Contact with Leaded Red Brass 硅黄铜与含铅红黄铜接触时的脱锌现象
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001653
P. J. Kenny
{"title":"Dezincification of Silicon Brass in Contact with Leaded Red Brass","authors":"P. J. Kenny","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001653","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 After six years of service, three water shut-off valves on a copper water line in a residential building were found to be inoperative. Macroscopic examination of the valves after disassembly revealed that all three failed at the key that holds the spindle in the gate. In addition, the color near the key changed from yellow to red-brown. The gate was made from leaded red brass (85-5-5-5) while the spindle was made from silicon brass. It was concluded that the valves failed by dezincification resulting from bimetallic galvanic corrosion. It is common in the valve industry to use components made of different alloys in the same valve, but this is not the best approach for all applications.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115030869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Burst Copper Evaporator Tubes in an Absorption Air-Conditioning Unit 吸收式空调机组铜蒸发器管爆裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0060097
{"title":"Burst Copper Evaporator Tubes in an Absorption Air-Conditioning Unit","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0060097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0060097","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An eddy current survey of the copper evaporator (chiller) tubes in an absorption air-conditioning unit revealed two tubes in the evaporator bundle with indications typical of longitudinal cracks. Significant necking down and grain distortion at the fracture surfaces was revealed by metallographic examination. The fracture features were found to be characteristic of an overload failure in a ductile material. The ruptured tubes were concluded as a result of examination to have failed as a result of excessive internal pressure. The source of the excessive internal pressure was assumed to be a freeze-up of the tube side water that occurred during interruption of the tube side flow or misoperation of the unit.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130645966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Failure of a Cast Iron Water Pipe due to Graphitic Corrosion 铸铁水管因石墨腐蚀而失效
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091384
{"title":"Failure of a Cast Iron Water Pipe due to Graphitic Corrosion","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091384","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A 25.4 cm (10 in.) diam gray cast iron water main pipe was buried in the soil beneath a concrete slab. The installation was believed to have been completed in the early 20th century. A leak from the pipe resulted in flooding of a warehouse. Once removed, the pipe revealed through-wall perforations and cracking along its axis. The perforations and the crack were at the 6 o'clock position. Investigation (visual inspection, radiography, unetched macrographs, and tensile testing) supported the conclusion that the failure occurred as result of years of exposure to ground water in the soil resulting in graphitic corrosion. Soils containing sulfates are particularly aggressive. Recommendations included pipe replacement. The wall thickness had been sufficiently reduced that the pipe could no longer support the required load. Water mains are designed for more than 100 years life. Ductile iron or coated and lined steel pipe, generally not susceptible to graphitic corrosion, were suggested as suitable replacement materials, and cathodic protection was also considered as a possibility.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129284991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Copper Absorber Tubes in an Air-Conditioning Unit 某空调机组铜吸收管应力腐蚀开裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091699
{"title":"Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Copper Absorber Tubes in an Air-Conditioning Unit","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0091699","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Eddy-current inspection was performed on a leaking absorber bundle in an absorption air-conditioning unit. The inspection revealed crack-like indications in approximately 50% of the tubes. The tube material was phosphorus-deoxidized copper. Investigation (visual inspection, chemical analysis, 0.75x images, 2x macrographs after light acid cleaning to remove corrosion product, and 75x micrographs) supported the conclusion that the absorber tubes failed by SCC initiated by ammonia contamination in the lithium bromide solution. No recommendations were made.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116365121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intercrystalline Corrosion of Welded Stainless Steel Pipelines in Marine Environment 不锈钢焊接管道在海洋环境中的晶间腐蚀
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001171
Emanuele Mor, Eugenio Traverso, Giovanna Ventura
{"title":"Intercrystalline Corrosion of Welded Stainless Steel Pipelines in Marine Environment","authors":"Emanuele Mor, Eugenio Traverso, Giovanna Ventura","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001171","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The defects observed along weldings of stainless steel pipelines employed in marine environments were evidenced by metallographic and electrochemical examination. A compilation of cases on the effect of defective weldings, in addition to improper choice of stainless steel for water pipelines, lead to the conclusion that intercrystalline corrosion in steels involved precipitation of a surplus phase at grain boundaries. Intercrystalline corrosion in austenitic stainless steels due to precipitation of chromium carbides during conditions generated due to welding and ways to avoid the precipitation (including reduction of carbon content, appropriate heat treatment, cold work of steel, reduction of austenitic grain size and stabilizing elements) were described. The presence of microcracks due to highly localized heat concentrations with consequent thermal expansion and considerable shrinkages during cooling was investigated. The specimens were taken from various sources including transverse and longitudinal welding seam, sensitized areas and it was concluded appropriate material selection with respect to medium could control some corrosion processes.","PeriodicalId":448888,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Buildings, Bridges, and Infrastructure","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116993782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书