{"title":"The Importance of Leadership on Business Ethics at Organizations","authors":"A. Dervishi","doi":"10.26417/496yxc68h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/496yxc68h","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to board the issues dealing with the ethics code of behave, and the role of leadership on motivation of staff to lead up the effectiveness and quality work at organization. The paper presents ethic standards and their importance for the success and competitive priorities for organizations and institutions. The elaboration of paper is carried using normative and comparative method attended by secondary source of data in the form of papers, journals, books, web-pages and manuals of organizations. There are studied principles of the Code of Ethics in two organizations, Bus Eirenann of Ireland and Kosovo Privatization Agency of the Republic of Kosovo, handling the practical implementation of ethic codes in both cases. Next to written policies for ethics there exist failures and mistakes on the ethics at working place that is present in everyday life as a result of improper behave of someone. Ethic behaves have had the positive impact at organizations, while non-ethic behaves have serious impact on the development of staff and it keeps away incitement of tacit knowledge, obstructs innovations and creative work. Development and approval of ethic code and ethic practices at organization will not stop non-ethic behaves, but will give to people a kind of measurement versus which behave may be measured. Executive leaders at organizations and institutions should assess if the written or unwritten code is not respected so that the employees to feel safe for their integrity and appreciated.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123939002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monetary Policy in Argentina from the Inflation of the 1970s to the Default of the New Millennium","authors":"Ferrandino Vittoria, Sgro Valentina","doi":"10.26417/160shy23c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/160shy23c","url":null,"abstract":"Since the end of World War II, Argentina has been through an uninterrupted series of financial/fiscal and monetary crises that have gradually eroded the credibility of the economic institutions of the country. In the period from 1970 to 1990 alone, the Argentine economy experienced seven currency crises and three banking crises. The main objective of this contribution is to investigate the reasons for economic policy choices that, since the military dictatorship of Colonel Perón, have led the country to default, causing unemployment, the run on banks, popular uprising.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114495506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oligopoly Power, Cross-Market Effects and Demand Relatedness: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"Bouras V. David, Wesseh J. Wollo","doi":"10.26417/800xjj79f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/800xjj79f","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the paper is to develop a conceptual framework that can be used to examine market competitiveness and assess cross-market effects in a multi-product oligopoly consisting of firms producing and selling various demand-related products. The econometric model which consists of two inverse demand functions and two price-margin equations is applied to the US catfish processing industry. Focusing on fresh catfish filet and whole fresh catfish, the empirical results rule out the existence of cross-market effects, but give support to the existence of some degree of market power. In that setting, the oligopoly power indices are, respectively, 18.2 percent and 13.3 percent for fresh catfish filet and whole fresh catfish thereby indicating that the price distortion is more pronounced in the market for fresh catfish filet than it is in the market for whole fresh catfish.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130269568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study of the Iranian Economic Growth by Using the Balance of Payments Constrained Growth Model","authors":"S. Safari","doi":"10.26417/709olv48d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/709olv48d","url":null,"abstract":"This study is conducted aimed at investigating the Iranian economic growth based on the balance of payments constrained growth (BPCG) model. In contrast to the view of classical models that consider the economic growth to be related to supply-side in the economy, this model holds that the economic growth is dependent on demand-side in the economy, stating that the demand growth is inhibited by balance of payments deficit, and thus, it constrains achieving a higher economic growth rate. To investigate the model mentioned, the data on Iran’s non-oil export growth and non-oil GDP growth over the period 1980–2017 are analyzed using the Granger causality test and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Results indicated that there was a long-run relationship between the non-oil economic growth and the non-oil export growth, and that the economic growth increased by 0.54 percent with a 1 percent increase in the non-oil exports. So, based on the above model, the need to pay attention to the non-oil exports to achieve a sustainable economic growth is confirmed.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127159377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Short-Term Impact of the EU-Japan EPA: The Case of Wine Exports from France, Italy, and Spain to Japan","authors":"M. Porto","doi":"10.26417/455qdg22i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/455qdg22i","url":null,"abstract":"In February 2019, the Economic Partnership Agreement between the European Union and Japan was enforced, liberalising most of the bilateral trade. For example, Japan eliminated the duties on European products such as chemicals, textiles, clothing and wine immediately upon entry into force of the agreement. In this study, we attempt to quantify the short-term effect of the EPA on European wine exports to Japan. We fit a seasonal auto regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model to the monthly exports of wine from France, Italy, and Spain to Japan up to the month prior to the activation of the EU – Japan EPA. Subsequently, we use the estimated models to forecast twelve months ahead starting from February 2019, i.e., from the first month of implementation of the EU – Japan EPA. Finally, we compare the forecasts with the observed values for the same period. The results show that our forecasts do not outperform the observed values. Consequently, we conclude that the positive difference between the observed values and the forecast is due to the effect of the agreement.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132371145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"European Central Bank Efforts for Covid-19 Referring to the Previous Crises","authors":"Fatbardha Kadiu","doi":"10.26417/848ogv73e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/848ogv73e","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the reaction of Italian Government directed to European Central Bank, I intend to search if the ECB have the same reactions for the Covid-19 crises as the bank had for the previous crises of 2008-2010 financial crises and the Eurozone debt crises. The paper covers the factors of the crises by analyzing the causes and the results of each crises very briefly and mainly making a comparison for the respecting responses that the bank had for each of them. It is noticed that the efforts or the responses are not the same, and in fact as the profiles of the crises are different it is hard to find same responses but the conclusion I could find is that responses are equivalent to each other for the three analyzed crises. The only difference is the time applied of its policies (and the dimension of time in quasi –fiscal policy applied is crucial) and the details for the APP (Asset Purchasing Program) which are not already published and the rate on interests. Of course by this conclusions I find it somehow very objective the Italian government reactions to the European Central Bank and the European Union identified as Union with the core value of “solidarity”. Of course the research need further studies to conclude if the responses of ECB itself are coherent with the macroeconomic situation of the whole world and if there is any connection between the policies taken by ECB.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127289498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis on the Significance of the Relationships Between Pay Satisfaction Dimensions and Organizational Citizenship Behavior","authors":"Martin Serreqi","doi":"10.26417/748gyw61w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/748gyw61w","url":null,"abstract":"The study looks into the relationships of the different dimensions of pay satisfaction with organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) directed towards both the individual and the organization. 500 white collar employees of different private sector companies participated in the study. With respect to the influence of the dimensions of pay satisfaction the results showed that there are significant relationships between pay level, pay raises and benefits with citizenship behavior directed at individuals. However, no such relationship exists between structure/administration and citizenship behavior directed at the organization. Limitations and future research directions conclude the study.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126757588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Resilience for Survival: Reimagine. Reconfigure. Restart","authors":"Martin D Chekuri","doi":"10.26417/799xuv67c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/799xuv67c","url":null,"abstract":"Governments, Industrialists and CEOs are agreeing that the COVID-19 crisis will impact us way more than the 2008 crisis (Gurnani, 2020). No one really knows how to solve the financial crisis set into motion by COVID-19. Amidst this, there is mounting pressure on sales teams in organisations to sell products and services without sufficient salespeople. To make any sale, or receive funding, organisations go through a process where they must develop a business proposal. Almost no business in the B2B (business to business) market is won without a formal business proposal. Business proposal management and writing has evolved over the years with best practices and certifications, just like project management, but the COVID-19 crisis has given it a jolt unlike any other. Salesteams, bid and proposal management teams. proposal writers and associated graphic specialists need to use this crisis as a catalyst for change. There is a resounding, echoing bell ring that asks us to reimagine, reconfigure and restart. And the bell does not ring just for teams but also for individuals. The future depends on interactive technologies and proposal teams must think about playing strategic roles if they want to stay relevant. For the investigation and writing of this paper, we have used both primary and secondary research techniques. They are listed as follows: Primary Research - Questionnaires and Interviews; Secondary Research - Journals, Harvard Business Review, Economic Times, Internationally acclaimed websites, Textbooks","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125806909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of EU Grant Projects in Employment, Sectoral Employment and Innovation in Auto Repairing, Young Generations and New Horizons Project Case","authors":"M. Çetin","doi":"10.26417/490zvk91r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/490zvk91r","url":null,"abstract":"European Union Council Regulation (1085/2006 dated), the Financial Instrument for Pre-Accession (IPA) as well as for Turkey and potential candidate countries constitute the basis. The main objective of IPA is to assist the participating countries in dealing with European integration problems and undertaking the necessary reforms to comply with the Copenhagen criteria, which are EU membership requirements. Operation for Supporting Youth Employment in Sectoral Investment Areas (PYE-II) financed under IPA is carried out for employment, which is the primary target of its program. PYE-II operation, Turkısh Employment Agency(İŞKUR) has been implemented in Turkey by and the overall goal is to promote youth employment, retain more people in employment and increase the employment rate of young people. In this framework, the aim of supporting Youth Employment in Sectoral Investment Areas is to increase the employability of young people while promoting their integration into the labor market. Within the scope of the Grant Program for Supporting Youth Employment in Sectoral Investment Areas (PYE II), innovations were realized in the Auto Repair, Young Generations and New Horizons project. In this study; Innovations in the professional activities of the Auto Repair, Young Generations and New Horizons project, their contribution to employment in the automotive repair industry and their effects were announced.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124001064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pre-Negotiation Activities: A Study of the Main Activities Undertaken by the Negotiators as Preparation for Negotiation","authors":"Teuta Balliu, Artan Spahiu","doi":"10.26417/453dog90l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/453dog90l","url":null,"abstract":"The most part of the researches has largely been focused on what happens at the negotiation table, rather than in its preparation and planning. Through this paper we will try to underline the importance of the preparation and planning activities which are necessarily undertaken in a business negotiation. For this purpose, we have reviewed the negotiation literature regarding these pre-negotiation processes and the necessary activities for each of them. One of the most important concerns is the extent to which the negotiators follow the literature recommendations about pre-negotiation processes. This is a quantitative research design which tries to collect data, through interviews and a questioner designed for it and makes analyzes and logical deductions on the results achieved. The results of this study derive from a questioner with 68 respondents, who provide an understanding of the preparation and planning activities they conduct as part of their negotiations. This study finds out that the negotiators follow the most important activities which are suggested by the negotiation literature. It is literally understandable that the preparation and planning processes precede the negotiation, which means that they are conducted generally before the meeting between the negotiating parties. In fact, even this study shows that these activities occur not only before a meeting but also after it, as the first step in preparing for the next meeting. In this regard we suggest seeing the preparation and planning not as a single event, but as cyclical processes. These findings can be used by business negotiators and by different companies.","PeriodicalId":448769,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economics and Business Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127562113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}