Geologos最新文献

{"title":"A statistical approach to estimates of geomorphological-morphotectonic diversity for evaluating the scientific value of geosites: a case study from the southeastern Lut desert, Iran","authors":"Pouya Sadeghi-Farshbaf, M. Khatib, Naser Rezaei","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study aims to investigate the diversity index (dv-index) of morphotectonic and geomorphological land-forms as one of the scientific value indices for evaluation of the geotouristic potential of the southeastern Lut desert using topographic statistical analysis. Scientific index scoring in most models is based on descriptive assessment by geotourists and experts. Statistical analysis of the dv-index in the present study helps experts to base their scoring on scientific methods. The dv-index is controlled by several items. In the present study, we analyse two of these, including the classification of topographic continuity pattern (TCP) and topographic slope position correlation (TSPC). For this purpose, a network of section lines is used to analyse slope continuity. The TSPC analysis is performed by using two parameters of absolute value and slope position. Results for these two evaluated items indicate a score of 1.46 (out of 2) for the dv-index. Given a rating of 5, the score obtained for the two items is a high one. Therefore, an initial estimate of the dv-index indicates a significant scientific value of the study area.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46316723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book reviews","authors":"A. V. van Loon","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43708441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episkeletozoans and bioerosional ichnotaxa on isolated bones of Late Cretaceous mosasaurs and cheloniid turtles from the Maastricht area, the Netherlands","authors":"J. Jagt, M. Deckers, Magda De Leebeeck, S. Donovan, E. Nieuwenhuis","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Isolated bones of three taxa of marine reptiles (Mosasaurus hoffmannii Mantell, Plioplatecarpus marshi Dollo and Allopleuron hofmanni (Gray)) from various levels within the Maastricht Formation (upper Maastrichtian) at the former ENCI-HeidelbergCement Group quarry (Maastricht, the Netherlands) exhibit bioerosional traces and encrustation. Episkeletozoans include dimyid, ostreid and monopleurid bivalves, at least three species of cheilostome and cyclostome bryozoans and two adnate calcareous foraminifera. The bones show biting traces (Gnathichnus pentax Bromley, Linichnus cf. serratus Jacobsen & Bromley and Machichnus isp.), as well as borings. The latter may be referred to Karethraichnus lakkos Zonneveld, Bartels, Gunnell & McHugh, which is here considered to be a junior synonym of Gastrochaenolites isp.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42822321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coastline changes of the Baltic Sea from south to east. Past and future projection, edited by J. Harff, K. Furmańczyk, H. von Storch, 2017. Springer International Publishing. 388 pages, ISBN 978-3-319-49892-8.","authors":"Grzegorz Uścinowicz","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"tion of coastline changes form a significant obstacle during increased socio-economic pressure on coastal zones worldwide. Thus, definitions of steering factors, such as natural processes (including eustatic sea level rise, superimposed on isostatic subsidence), diversity of geological, hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions, vegetation and, finally, anthropogenic pressure should be considered as minimal input into modern studies of land/sea interactions. These natural processes and their interrelations that shape coasts are common in the case of epicontinental seas such as the Baltic Sea. The coastal zone of the southern Baltic, from Germany in the west to Latvia and Estonia in the east, in particular, is exposed to intense changes. During the last few decades, several monographs have been published on coastal features around the Baltic countries; however, the current book may be considered a new quality item added to this list. The editors of this tome are widely recognised specialists in their field. Professor Jan Harff is a leading specialist in marine geology, whose main interests and scientific achievements are related to sedimentology, coastal geology and mathematical geology. He made a special contribution to palaeogeographical research and mathematical modelling of coastal development in the Baltic Sea. His research and scientific publications are widely known and appreciated by his peers. Professor Kazimierz Furmańczyk research interests concern the morphodynamics of the coastal zone, studied by the usage of remote sensing methods. He ranks among Polish coastal researchers with achievements appreciated not only in Poland but across the world, as evidenced by numerous scientific works. Professor Hans van Storch is a German climate scientist who is interested in coastal climate and impact (wind, storm surges and waves) in recent times as well as in future decades. He is also an expert in methodical issues of statistical climatology such as detection and attribution of anthropogenic climate change. In addition, he has been engaged in joint research with social and cultural scientists over many years. With such an editorial team, the book can be trusted to present the most reliable data available in this field. The book itself is divided into two parts: I — Concepts and model approaches and II — Regional studies. In the first part, in addition to topics that have been important and discussed for a long time (e.g., ‘What determines the change of coastlines in the Baltic Sea? [by J. Harff et al.] and ‘Factors and processes forming the Polish southern Baltic Sea coast on various temporal and spatial scales [by S. Musielak et al.]), two issues regarding modelling future coastal changes deserve particular attention. These are models and studies of coastal morphogenesis, including reconstructions of the geological past and projections into the future on the scale of decades to centuries and studies on land/sea interactions under mediumto long-t","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41398429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crevasse splays within a lignite seam at the Tomisławice opencast mine near Konin, central Poland: architecture, sedimentology and depositional model","authors":"Lilianna Chomiak","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present article focuses predominantly on sandy deposits that occur within the Middle Miocene lignite seam at the Tomisławice opencast mine, owned by the Konin Lignite Mine. As a result of mining activity, these siliciclastics were available for direct observation in 2015–2016. They are situated between two lignite benches over a distance of ~500 m in the lower part and ~200 m in the higher part of the exploitation levels. The maximum thickness of these sandy sediments, of a lenticular structure in a S–N cross section, is up to 1.8 m. With the exception of a thin lignite intercalation, these siliciclastics comprise mainly by fine-grained and well-sorted sands, and only their basal and top layers are enriched with silt particles and organic matter. Based on a detailed analysis of the sediments studied (i.e., their architecture and textural-structural features), I present a discussion of their genesis and then propose a model of their formation. These siliciclastics most likely formed during at least two flood events in the overbank area of a Middle Miocene meandering or anastomosing river. Following breaching of the natural river levee, the sandy particles (derived mainly from the main river channel and levees) were deposited on the mire (backswamp) surface in the form of crevasse splays. After each flooding event, vegetation developed on the top of these siliciclastics; hence, two crevasse-splay bodies (here referred to as the older and younger) came into existence. As a result, the first Mid-Polish lignite seam at the Tomisławice opencast mine is currently divided in two by relatively thick siliciclastics, which prevents a significant portion of this seam from being used for industrial purposes.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45651620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrology and origin of the Lar igneous complex of the Sistan suture zone, Iran","authors":"M. Boomeri, Raheleh Moradi, S. Bagheri","doi":"10.2478/logos-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Oligocene Lar igneous complex is located in the Sistan suture zone of Iran, being emplaced in Paleocene to Eocene flysch-type rocks. This complex includes mainly intermediate K-rich volcanic (trachyte, latite and andesite) and plutonic (syenite and monzonite) rocks that belong to shoshonitic magma. The geochemical characteristics of the Lar igneous complex, such as an enrichment of LREE and LILE relative to HREE and HFSE, respectively, a negative anomaly of Ti, Ba and Nb and a positive anomaly of Rb and Th are similar to those of arc-type igneous rocks. Tectonic discrimination diagrams also show that rocks of the Lar igneous complex fall within the arc-related and post-collisional fields and K-enrichment of these rocks confirm the post-collisional setting. Based on geochemical features, the Lar igneous complex magma was derived from partial melting of a phlogopite-bearing, enriched and metasomatised lithospheric mantle source and the magma was affected by some evolutionary processes like fractional crystallisation and crustal contamination.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47591398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Against steady state","authors":"E. Garzanti, P. Sternai","doi":"10.31223/osf.io/p9xq7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/p9xq7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history is generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows that these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, that the steady state is utopic. However, we need a state of equilibrium as a starting point for modelling Nature, and the steady-state condition is widely used as a reference in idealisations aimed at understanding natural processes. The present contribution is meant as an epistemological note of caution − from Earth scientists to Earth scientists − aimed at discouraging the use of theoretical models as true evidence instead of terms of comparison.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48445269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A probabilistic approach to assessment of the quality of drinking water","authors":"Katarzyna Wątor, E. Kmiecik, A. Postawa, Piotr Rusiniak","doi":"10.2478/logos-2019-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2019-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Knowledge of uncertainty in analytical results is of prime importance in assessments of compliance with requirements set out for the quality of water intended for human consumption. Assessments of drinking water quality can be performed using either a deterministic or a probabilistic method. In the former approach, every single result is referred directly to the parametric value, while in the probabilistic method uncertainty related to analytical results is taken into account during the decision-making process. In the present research, laboratory uncertainty and uncertainty determined on the basis of results of analyses of duplicate samples collected in two Polish cities were compared and used in the probabilistic approach of water quality assessment. Using the probabilistic method, more results were considered to be “above the parametric value”. Most excesses were observed when the maximum allowable uncertainty as set out in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of 7 December 2017 was used, which is due to the highest values of these uncertainties. The lowest values above parametric values in the probabilistic approach were observed when measurement uncertainty was considered.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45562970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiocarbon dating of groundwater from a PZ-2 piezometer located in the foreground of Wieliczka Salt Mine, Poland","authors":"M. Duliński, Z. Gorczyca, M. Marzec, Robert Czub, K. Brudnik","doi":"10.2478/logos-2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A comparison of two methods of radiocarbon age determination of groundwater is presented. The simplest Pearson model and the “user-defined” option of the NETPATH program were considered. Both methods were used to determine the age of water from a PZ-2 piezometer that is situated in the foreground of chamber Z-32 in Wieliczka Salt Mine. Results of these calculations clearly demonstrate that 14C ages obtained by the Pearson model can be significantly overestimated in comparison with those determined by the NETPATH code. Without additional data, such as the stable isotope composition of the water, conclusions on the age of the groundwater based solely on the Pearson model may be highly inadequate.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47121130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the status of groundwater in the Polish Lowland: the River Gwda catchment example","authors":"Izabela Jamorska, Katarzyna Kubiak-Wójcicka, A. Krawiec","doi":"10.2478/logos-2019-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/logos-2019-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the present study is to monitor changes in the location of the groundwater table in the catchment area of the River Gwda within the Quaternary and Neogene water-bearing level over a 35-year period, between 1981 and 2015. In addition, on account of very diverse total annual precipitation levels in particular parts of the catchment, attempts were made to determine the influence of precipitation on the location of the groundwater table. By correlating groundwater level and meteorological parameters (precipitation), it was discovered that precipitation in the previous year made the largest impact on the groundwater table. Moreover, low precipitation totals in the southern part of the catchment are not discernible in groundwater table fluctuations, which is linked to the location of the observation well within the drainage zone as well as to water ascension from deeper aquifers.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45936864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}