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Women and Economic Reform in Egypt: Impact of Production Changes on Female Waged Labor Force Participation 埃及的妇女与经济改革:生产变化对女性劳动参与率的影响
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2022.2030984
Osama Diab, S. Hindy
{"title":"Women and Economic Reform in Egypt: Impact of Production Changes on Female Waged Labor Force Participation","authors":"Osama Diab, S. Hindy","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2022.2030984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2022.2030984","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:\u0000 The IMF discourse on women’s unemployment in Egypt mostly has focused on infrastructural issues as a key barrier to women’s access to the job market. The scarcity of public nurseries and the unavailability of safe transportation are especially challenging. Our interviews confirmed that these two issues are of utmost importance to women. Nevertheless, we argue that there has been no to little focus on the deeper structural issues concerning the productive side of the economy and its relation to women employment, especially the impact of production changes on women in the aftermath of the 2016 Economic Reform Program (ERP).","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"31 1","pages":"61 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43239795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editor’s Note 编者按
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989556
Eric Hooglund
{"title":"Editor’s Note","authors":"Eric Hooglund","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989556","url":null,"abstract":"(2021). Editor’s Note. Middle East Critique: Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 323-325.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139096188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMF’s Social Protection between Rhetoric and Action: The Case of Egypt IMF在言论与行动之间的社会保护——以埃及为例
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989551
Osama Diab, S. Hindy
{"title":"IMF’s Social Protection between Rhetoric and Action: The Case of Egypt","authors":"Osama Diab, S. Hindy","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989551","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:\u0000 A substantial body of literature has been produced about the IMF’s drift away from neoliberal orthodoxy in the aftermath of the 2007/08 global financial crisis. This article assesses the degree to which the IMF’s post-crisis change in discourse toward adding more emphasis on social protection was put into action in Egypt’s 2016 economic reform program. Beyond a noticeable discursive change, our research found that there was very little—if any—practical change. First, we demonstrate how the social component of the program was much smaller than the neoliberal or ‘business-as-usual’ component, not only as a share of program measures but also in terms of their magnitude. Second, we found that even this small component had a very similar equivalent in the last major program between the IMF and Egypt in 1991, thus rendering it less novel, and therefore casting doubt on the IMF’s claims of change.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"391 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45068097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Afghanistan’s Political Settlement Puzzle: The Impact of the Breakdown of Afghan Political Parties to an Elite Polity System (2001–2021) 阿富汗的政治解决难题:阿富汗政党瓦解对精英政治体系的影响(2001-2021)
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989554
Safiullah Taye
{"title":"Afghanistan’s Political Settlement Puzzle: The Impact of the Breakdown of Afghan Political Parties to an Elite Polity System (2001–2021)","authors":"Safiullah Taye","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989554","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:\u0000 The rapid collapse of the Afghan Republic in August 2021 was in part the result of two decades of disintegrating political parties at the hands of former Presidents Karzai and Ghani. After the 2001 US intervention, political parties did not play a significant role in the politics of Afghanistan. The country’s nascent democracy experienced major shifts in the aftermath of the US intervention, largely concerning the behaviour and structure of its parties, which impacted the government’s prospects of reaching a political settlement. In this period, politics began to shift toward a more elite-centric model. By applying a political settlement conceptual framework and case studies, especially with reference to the presidential elections, this article argues that the transformation to an elite-centric model intensified political rivalries in Afghanistan. The resulting polarisation consequently had decreased Afghanistan’s chances of reaching a political settlement, an essential component of state-building in this fragile, linguistically fragmented country with multiple politico-military factions.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"333 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46884615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
10 Years On: New Contextual Factors in the Study of Islamism 10年：伊斯兰主义研究的新语境因素
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989552
Lucia Ardovini, E. Biagini
{"title":"10 Years On: New Contextual Factors in the Study of Islamism","authors":"Lucia Ardovini, E. Biagini","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989552","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:\u0000 Although the popular protests that swept across the Middle East and North Africa in 2011 were short-lived, their long-term consequences are still resonating through the region a decade after their outbreak. Islamist movements have been affected in different ways by the drastic change in the political, social and geographical contexts in which they historically operated, highlighting the need for a renewed examination of these changed circumstances. Based on the case study of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, we argue that three key factors need to be accounted for when studying Islamist movements in the aftermath of the 2011 uprisings. These are the dimension of exile; the increased role played by women and youth; and the emergence of cross-generational and cross-ideological alliances. The article analyzes these three factors through a comparative study of responses by Muslim Brotherhood and Muslim Sisterhood members to repression across Egypt, Turkey and the UK.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"411 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46260491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Principled Fine Line in Egypt’s Sociology: Farewell Mona Abaza1 埃及社会学中的原则性细线：告别莫娜·阿巴扎1
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989555
Atef Said
{"title":"The Principled Fine Line in Egypt’s Sociology: Farewell Mona Abaza1","authors":"Atef Said","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989555","url":null,"abstract":"In 2001, a colleague at the American University in Cairo (AUC) asked me if I would be interested in taking over her position as a research assistant to an exceptional sociologist. At the time, I was a student in the Master’s Program in SociologyAnthropology and was nervous about stepping into that role, as my knowledge of the field was still nascent. Ultimately, I took her up on the offer. And little did I know I was stepping into a foundational experience that would shape my intellectual trajectory for decades to come. That scholar was Professor Mona Abaza, who died peacefully in Berlin on 5 July 2021 after a long battle with cancer. She left us far too soon, but while leaving behind a rich legacy by ways of cutting-edge research, enduring mentorship, and conscientious scholarly activism. When I worked with Professor Abaza, she was in the process of finishing her book Debates on Islam and Knowledge in Malaysia and Egypt: Shifting Worlds. I came to develop a deep sense of appreciation and admiration for her work. In fact, decades later, I have come to realize how much my own work on Egypt and my approach to teaching have been influenced by the example she set as a scholar who studied the country through the lens of world-class analysis while situated in the Global South. Abaza’s work in the last two decades represents an incredible social history of Cairo’s social transformation. She wrote about a wide range of themes, including fashion, enlightenment, urban spaces, Occidentalism, everyday life in Cairo, intellectuals, the state, secularism, the challenges that social scientists confront in the Middle East, cyberspace in Egypt, globalization, graffiti and mass culture, and neoliberal transformation in Cairo. Any observer would attest that Abaza’s work is, appropriately, widely","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"327 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49576980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Claiming an Individual: Party, Family and the Politics of Memorialization in the Lebanese Civil War 主张一个个体:黎巴嫩内战中的政党、家庭和纪念政治
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989550
Dylan Baun
{"title":"Claiming an Individual: Party, Family and the Politics of Memorialization in the Lebanese Civil War","authors":"Dylan Baun","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989550","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Imad Nuwayhid (1944–1975) was a young Lebanese leftist intellectual, hotel employee, and fighter for the Lebanese Communist Party. Alongside thousands of others, he died during the first phase of the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1976). This article explores Imad’s life, death, and legacy through the methodology of ‘Microhistory.’ Consulting Imad’s writings alongside party sources, and conducting interviews with those who knew him, it serves as a window into the politics of memorialization in the Lebanese Civil War with a focus on the Lebanese Left. It argues that multiple actors, ranging from party to family members, produced Imad’s ‘martyr narrative.’ Like others of the era, regardless of party, the narrative stressed ideology and sacrifice over individuality to mobilize the living to fight. These strategies did not, however, unfold without resistance. In the case of Imad, some family challenged the party, positing counter-narratives and claiming Imad as theirs: a Nuwayhid. Their actions seek to restore Imad as an individual, but not always as he lived. These findings contribute to the literature on the Lebanese Civil War and its memory, providing a personal touch through a new and novel level of analysis: the individual, their sources, and the battle over memory that surrounds them.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"353 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44982389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Remembering Nubia’s Past: Space, Generations and Memorial Practices 纪念努比亚的过去:空间，世代和纪念活动
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1989553
Mayada Madbouly
{"title":"Remembering Nubia’s Past: Space, Generations and Memorial Practices","authors":"Mayada Madbouly","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1989553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1989553","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article investigates how Nubian actors establish different memorial practices to transmit their culture and heritage in contemporary Egypt. The aim is to shed light on the heterogeneity of the Nubian community, thereby avoiding the dichotomy of the state official narrative versus a homogenized Nubian narrative. By mobilizing the sociology of collective memory and the sociology of social movements, this article aims to advance more reflection on the complexity of the remembering process. In order to explore how the memorial and cultural practices evolved in the last decade, I first present a historical background to explain to what the Nubian collective memory refers. By presenting critical discussions, I suggest using the space of the Nubian past because it enables us to understand better the dynamics and the diversity of the engaged actors. I highlight the generational factor, in the second part of this article, by illustrating how Nubian Youth are renewing their logics of action.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"373 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48251246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Taifa: A Journey of Integration beyond the Subaltern Narrative 太发：超越另类叙事的整合之旅
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1957559
Mohamed Chamekh
{"title":"Taifa: A Journey of Integration beyond the Subaltern Narrative","authors":"Mohamed Chamekh","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1957559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1957559","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article explores a unique type of songs performed by a Black minority musical group in southeastern Tunisia. Taifa, a group of Black singers, mainly from the rural working class appeared as a response to the economic marginalization of Blacks after the abolition of slavery in Tunisia in 1846. It explores the way this musical group developed and how it came to be associated with the norms of respectability among the local society. It also delves into the themes of Taifa songs that, I contend, show an incremental journey of integration into the predominant Arab/Berber majority and an adjustment to Tunisia’s social and political changes, which were reflected in the changes in the themes of Taifa songs after the Tunisian Revolution.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"307 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19436149.2021.1957559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46841589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
To Drink from the Source: Tobie Nathan’s A Land like You and Jewish-Egyptian Identity 从源头喝水:托比·内森的《像你一样的土地》和犹太-埃及身份
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
Middle East Critique Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19436149.2021.1957568
Joyce Zonana
{"title":"To Drink from the Source: Tobie Nathan’s A Land like You and Jewish-Egyptian Identity","authors":"Joyce Zonana","doi":"10.1080/19436149.2021.1957568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2021.1957568","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A Land Like You, Tobie Nathan’s scrupulously researched yet wildly imaginative historical novel of early twentieth-century Cairo offers an extended exploration of what it means to be both Jewish and Egyptian, even as it chronicles the rise of the competing nationalisms that led to the dispersal of Egypt’s Jews. Unlike most Egyptian Jewish novelists and memoirists, Nathan claims Cairo’s Haret al-Yahud, where the city’s poorest, indigenous Jews lived from time immemorial, as his ‘source,’ and indeed the source for all of Egypt’s Jews—the ‘spring one drinks at every day.’ This source arises from the Egyptian land and the ancient spirits that govern it, to which the exiled writer remains inextricably bound, symbolized in the novel through the irresistible love that links the Jewish narrator to his Muslim ‘milk-sister.’ For Nathan’s French-to-English translator, herself an Egyptian Jew, the novel offers a return to her own Arab-Jewish source, which, like Nathan, she seeks to cultivate so that it may nurture others.","PeriodicalId":44822,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Critique","volume":"30 1","pages":"227 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42020812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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