Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)最新文献

{"title":"Clinical picture of hydrocephalus due to extraventricular cisternal CSF pathways obstruction","authors":"K. V. Shevchenko, V. Shimanskiy, S. V. Tanyashin, M. Kolycheva, V. K. Poshataev, V. V. Karnaukhov, K. Solozhentseva, I. N. Pronin, Y. Strunina, L. R. Gabrielyan, I. O. Kugushev","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2311-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The variety of clinical symptoms of hydrocephalus due to obstruction at the level of the posterior cranial fossa cisterns, or extraventricular obstructive hydrocephalus (EVOH), frequently goes against radiological semiotics and causes difficulties in developing patient management tactics.Materials and methods. Analysis of 65 patients treated for idiopathic hydrocephalus due to cisternal CSF pathways obstruction at the FSAI N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of Russia. All symptoms the patients complained of, which could be caused by hydrocephalus, were evaluated. Results. Extraventricular obstructive hydrocephalus has a longer history of illness compared to other forms of hydrocephalus and averages almost 4 years. The most common symptoms of the onset of the disease are headaches (41.5 %) and gait disturbances (29.2 %). When diagnosing, the main symptoms of the disease are gait disturbances (76.9 %), memory loss in relation to current events (76.9 %), headache (63 %), and pelvic disorders in the form of incontinence (46.1 %). Dizziness, nausea, arm tremor, amenorrhea, vomiting, pyramidal symptoms, and syncope are significantly less common. The clinical picture of patients under 60 years is characterized by common cerebral symptoms and mild signs of the Hakim-Adams syndrome. However, there is a different dependence for elderly patients. Endoscopic or shunt surgery can help to achieve complete or partial recovery. Conclusion. Thus, the EVOH clinical picture is diverse and often has completely non-specific manifestations, which match the anatomical changes in different brain structures according to MRI, but the sequence of occurrence of some symptoms is not explained. Each of the EVOH clinical manifestations, individual or in combination with other symptoms, should be considered as an indication for surgical treatment.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of cerebral temperature balance in methamphetamine poisoning","authors":"D. Cheboksarov, M. V. Petrova, O. V. Strunin, O. V. Ryzhova, O. P. Artyukov, S. Petrikov","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2311-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-08","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Methamphetamine negatively affects microglia, reducing the reuptake of dopamine, which leads to neurotoxicity and an increase in brain temperature. In order to monitor the dynamics of the cerebral temperature, radiothermographs that register the thermal radiation of the deep tissues of the head (MR thermometry) can be used. The purpose of the research: to study the temperature balance of the brain in acute methamphetamine poisoning.Materials and methods. All groups consisted of dextral (right-handed) males. The control group (group I) included 30 volunteers who did not use psychoactive substances (aged 27 [23–36] years). Group II comprised volunteers (n = 15) with acute methamphetamine poisoning (aged 32 [24–40] years), who had their cerebral temperature measured in dynamics until their condition stabilized. In group II patients, MR thermometry was performed during the first 2 hours from the moment of poisoning and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th day after admission to the hospital. Results. In the addicted participants without intoxication, the MR temperature of the left hemisphere is statistically significantly higher by 0.4°C [95 % CI 0.3–0.6 (p <0.001)], and of the right hemisphere — by 0.3°C [95 % CI 0.3–0.4 (p <0.001)] compared with that of the participants without addiction. When comparing the coefficient of variation of cerebral temperature in general in group II at rest, there is a statistically significant increase of 1.52 % (95 % CI 0.99–1.62, p = 0.006), followed by a return to almost normal after methamphetamine use [1.36 % (1.36–2.22) (p = 0.508)]. During intoxication, the hemispheres warm up by 0.7 °C [95 % CI 0.7; 0.7 (p < 0.001)]. Meanwhile, the temperature variation coefficient in group II does not show a statistically significant difference from the temperature variation coefficient of healthy individuals. Conclusion. Our results are confirmed by the data obtained by psychiatrists and neurophysiologists investigating the effect of methamphetamine on the brain both organically and functionally. The obtained data make it possible to use MR thermometry as a method of rapid and additional diagnosis of brain conditions manifested by psychomotor changes associated with the use of methamphetamine.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"231 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumors (literature review","authors":"A. U. Shakhmanaeva, E. I. Kozlikina, I. Trifonov, O. Levchenko","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2311-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-11","url":null,"abstract":"Primary brain malignancies are among the 17 most common tumor types worldwide, and about 77 % of them are glial tumors. An integrated approach to the treatment of these pathologies, including total resection of tumor tissue and postoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy, is aimed at prolonging the patient’s life as much as possible. However, even when using the «gold standard» in treatment, the average life expectancy of patients with glioblastoma is 14.6 months, and of patients with diffuse astrocytoma — 50.5 months. The use of selective methods of influencing tumor cells, including photodynamic therapy, is a current trend in neuro-oncology. Several controlled studies have demonstrated a statistically significant effect of photodynamic therapy in increasing the life expectancy of patients with high-grade gliomas compared with conventional treatment. This review is devoted to the analysis of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and fluorescence-guided resection in the treatment of high-grade glial tumors for further search for ways to improve these treatment methods in order to enhance the radicality of tumor removal and increase the duration and quality of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-medication therapy for primary dysmenorrhea: a neurologist’s perspective (literature review)","authors":"T. V. Sorokovikova, A. Morozov, S. A. Naumova, A. N. Kryukova","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2311-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-05","url":null,"abstract":"Primary dysmenorrhea is the most urgent and socially significant problem at present. Every year the number of girls and women of reproductive age who suffer from this disease is steadily increasing. This is primarily due to the fact that women do not visit specialized doctors when a vivid clinical picture of this pathology appears. This study presents the information from the most relevant literature sources in order to demonstrate the common risk factors for this disease, the main pathophysiological mechanisms of its occurrence, as well as possible ways of non-medication therapy for primary dysmenorrhea, due to the fact that this disease should be approached comprehensively, involving other specialists, such as neurologists, physiotherapists, and specialists in therapeutic exercise, in addition to gynecologists. In this regard, the review presents the most relevant methods available at the moment that can alleviate the clinical manifestations of primary dysmenorrhea. These methods include moxibustion together with acupuncture, percutaneous electrical neurostimulation, kinesio taping, auricular acupressure, aromatherapy, and specially selected physical exercises. These techniques are considered non-invasive, non-pharmacological, easy to use, and most importantly, safe and effective in the treatment of menstrual pain.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum toxin preparations in complex therapy of infantile cerebral palsy (literature review)","authors":"E. R. Magomadova, S. R. Magomadova, Kh. S. Azimova, L. B. Tlapshokova","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2311-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-09","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the topic is confirmed by statistical data related to primary childhood disabilities, according to which a number of congenital developmental anomalies and disorders of the nervous system are especially common. Cerebral palsy (CP) occupies a leading position in this regard. It is obvious that complex therapy for patients with cerebral palsy is effective, but it is not of economic benefit to the state, which to a certain extent provides support in the rehabilitation of this category of patients. In this connection, budgetary allocations and contributions from insurance companies both in the Russian Federation and other countries are distributed in a rational manner. Botulinum toxin preparations, used in standard clinical practice to combat focal spasticity syndrome in patients with cerebral palsy, have proved to be a feasible and economically beneficial medical technology. A similar therapy strategy has demonstrated a positive clinical effect. It is also the least expensive technology in the medical armamentarium used for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with infantile cerebral palsy.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life in patients with autonomic nervous system disorder","authors":"I. Khyanikyainen, N. A. Rzheutskaya","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2308-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2308-05","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studied the quality of life (QOL) in individuals of an organized population of Petrozavodsk with autonomic nervous system disorder (ANSD) (n=104; mean age 37.64±5.8 years; gender index 1:1). The control group included healthy individuals (n=30; mean age 37.64±5.8 years; gender index 1:1; p=0.761). The Short Form-36 Quality of Life Scale was used, and a medical assessment of signs of autonomic nervous system disorders was carried out according to the method by A.M. Vein. It was found that patients with ANSD were characterized by a lower level of QOL compared to healthy individuals without gender differences (indicators in men/women: “Physical component of health (Physical health)” (PH) 44.7±5.41/40.72±6.28 (patients) and 58.37±1.8/57.25±1.96 points (control); “Psychological component of health (Mental health)” (MH) 36.69±5.56/35.48±6.94 (patients) and 56.53±2.67/54.78±1.98 points (control); p=0.001). The first ranking places in the decline of QOL were the decrease in “role physical functioning” (in the treatment of PH) and the reduction of “mental health” (in the treatment of MH). Moderate vegetative imbalance in men/women with ANSD (36.86±8.58/42.96±10.62 points according to the method by A.M. Vein, compared with the results of healthy individuals of 2±0.29/2.13±0.97 points; p=0.001) correlates with a decrease in PH (R = – 0.368) and MH (R = –0.572). The revealed patterns are aimed at optimizing the medical and psychological rehabilitation of patients with ANSD.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129225358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression in somatic hospital patients","authors":"E. Koroleva, S. Pakriev","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2308-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2308-06","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors for depression in patients of a somatic hospital in the city of Izhevsk. The study group (100 adult patients) was compiled by a continuous sampling method. The MINI 5.0.0 questionnaire and the DEPS Depression Scale were used to diagnose depression. The prevalence of current depression was 18%. Depression was more often diagnosed in patients with chronic somatic diseases (94.4%), men (66.7%), and married patients (72.2%). None of the patients with diagnosed depression applied for medical help with the corresponding complaints or received antidepressant therapy.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121788170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity of schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus at the present stage of development of an interdisciplinary approach to treatment and diagnosis","authors":"D. I. Cherepakhin, P. Aronov","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2308-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2308-07","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview of the current problem of comorbidity of schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the diseases that considerably limit the quality of life of patients and cause significant difficulties in patient management. We seek to clarify the current understanding of the factors contributing to the coexistence of these diseases, highlighting the potential role of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors in this regard. Particular attention is paid to the effect of antipsychotic drugs on glucose metabolism and the development of insulin resistance, which may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes in patients with schizophrenia. Data from the most relevant studies on this issue are presented, and possible strategies for managing patients with these conditions are discussed. The purpose of this article is not only to collect and systematize the existing information on the comorbidity of schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes, but also to stimulate further research in this area to develop effective approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with these comorbid pathologies.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123195853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schema therapy in the diagnosis of eating disorder: features of early maladaptive schemas","authors":"Yu. A. Nikolkina, N. Chernov, L. S. Satyanova, A. V. Makarova, O. Karpenko, A. Bryukhin, G. Kostyuk","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2308-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2308-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of early maladaptive schemas in patients with eating disorders. Patients with eating disorders represent a heterogeneous group, with a variety of mental pathologies, most often represented by patients’ personal characteristics. The present study analyzes deeper impairments in communication with close ones at an early age, predisposing to the onset of mental pathology. On the basis of the Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N. A. Alekseev, 131 patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa were examined. In the course of the study, the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3R) was utilized. Non-adaptive schemas were identified in the domain «disconnection and rejection» in all patients with eating disorders. In the patients with bulimia nervosa, the early schemas in the impaired autonomy domain were most pronounced, in contrast to the patients with anorexia nervosa. The schema of insufficient self-control in the impaired limits domain was also detected in these patients, while in the patients with anorexia nervosa, this indicator was not manifested. The hypervigilance and inhibition domain was manifested by maladaptive schemas in both groups, with the negativity schema expressed in patients with bulimia nervosa. The domain of focus on others is characteristic of all patients with eating disorders. A comparative analysis of the indicators of early maladaptive schemas in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and the results of a group of healthy people was carried out. In the healthy group, the expressed early maladaptive schemas were not observed. Violations in satisfying basic needs at an early age can be triggers in the mechanism of development and maintenance of eating disorders and personality pathology in this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129896240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism spectrum disorders in children: main problems and solutions","authors":"N. V. Filippova, Y. Barylnik, M. A. Kamyshonkova, E. A. Atapina","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2308-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2308-01","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of children suffering from autism spectrum disorders (ASD) all over the world, which determines the high relevance of early diagnosis of these disorders for timely treatment and correction. However, the diagnostic criteria for ASD require the assessment of certain psychomotor skills in a child, which mature much later than necessary for timely diagnosis, so quite often the final diagnosis is made only by 5–7 years. New clinical guidelines suggest that primary screening should be performed by a pediatrician, but practice shows that this does not happen in reality. The reasons for this are not only the contradictions in the diagnostic criteria, but also the current ICD-10 classification, which does not fully reflect the pathogenetic processes in the child's body. In the meantime, new clinical guidelines recognize the role of genetic disorders and epigenetic factors in the development of autism spectrum disorders. Currently, there are more than 100 genes associated with ASD. That is why autism spectrum disorders must be considered from the point of view of pathogenetic changes in the child's body, in many cases of a hereditary nature, which will allow offering timely and effective methods of diagnosis,treatment, and correction.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130950249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}