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Epicureans and the City’s Laws 伊壁鸠鲁派与城市法律
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2018-0119
Sara Diaco
{"title":"Epicureans and the City’s Laws","authors":"Sara Diaco","doi":"10.1515/agph-2018-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2018-0119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article discusses the accusation advanced by Plutarch and Cicero, according to which the Epicureans are unjust, as they would break the law to pursue pleasure if certain of impunity, and deals with this criticism by analyzing the Epicurean theory of law and justice and comparing it with friendship. The article argues that, from a doctrinal standpoint, philia has a higher place in the Epicurean’s priorities and a stronger efficacy than positive law in serving the naturally just. It thus concludes that, as Plutarch and Cicero suspected, the Epicurean’s ultimate loyalty does not lie with positive law, in spite of its importance for social order, but rather with the naturally just (dikaion), better secured by friendship.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"312 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2018-0119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44144581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Der kosmologische Gottesbeweis des Ralph von Battle. Rekonstruktion, Kritik und Einordnung 拉尔夫·冯·巴特尔的《上帝的宇宙学证明》。重建、批判和分类
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-06-19 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2019-0125
B. Goebel, C. Tapp
{"title":"Der kosmologische Gottesbeweis des Ralph von Battle. Rekonstruktion, Kritik und Einordnung","authors":"B. Goebel, C. Tapp","doi":"10.1515/agph-2019-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2019-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper reconstructs (in natural language) and discusses a proof of God’s existence by Anselm of Canterbury’s friend Ralph of Battle (1040–1124), developed in his recently edited De nesciente, a fictitious dialogue between a Christian and an atheist. Without precedent in antiquity and the Middle Ages, Ralph’s proof has never been examined in detail. It combines a “cogito” argument with a two-part cosmological argument. The paper first presents the textual basis and an exegetical interpretation of Ralph’s reasoning, classifies the parts of the proof historically and systematically, and then compares these with the proofs of God’s existence as well as other arguments in Anselm’s Proslogion and Monologion. Finally, it points out some similarities between Ralph’s “cogito” argument and a passage in the Liber pro insipiente, which may suggest that this anonymous critique of Anselm’s Proslogion proof was authored not by Gaunilo, as traditionally thought, but by Ralph.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"509 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2019-0125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46019180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Leibniz on the Grounds of the Principle of Sufficient Reason 莱布尼茨基于充分理性原则
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-06-19 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2019-0026
Owen Pikkert
{"title":"Leibniz on the Grounds of the Principle of Sufficient Reason","authors":"Owen Pikkert","doi":"10.1515/agph-2019-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2019-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract I examine several alleged grounds of the principle of sufficient reason in Leibniz’s philosophy. These include the nature of a requisite and a sufficient condition, the nature of truth, and the nature of harmony. I argue that Leibniz does not ground the PSR in any of these ways. Instead, he is committed to a value-based grounds of the PSR: God creates the best possible world, and the fact that the PSR obtains in this world contributes to it being the best. I conclude by considering some objections to this way of grounding the PSR.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"566 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2019-0026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47098389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Socrates, the ‘What is F-ness?’ Question, and the Priority of Definition 苏格拉底，“什么是F-ness？”问题和定义的优先级
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-06-19 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2020-0125
Justin C. Clark
{"title":"Socrates, the ‘What is F-ness?’ Question, and the Priority of Definition","authors":"Justin C. Clark","doi":"10.1515/agph-2020-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2020-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the so-called ‘dialogues of definition,’ Socrates appears to endorse the ‘priority of definition.’ This principle states that an agent cannot know anything about F-ness (its instances, examples, properties, etc.) without knowing what F-ness is (the definition of F-ness). Not only is this principle implausible, it is also difficult to square with Socrates’ method. In employing his method, Socrates appeals to truths about the instances and properties of F-ness, even while pursuing definitional knowledge; meanwhile, he holds that one cannot know those truths without already knowing the definition. Thus, there is a tension between Socrates’ principle and his method. Commentators have tried to resolve this problem in various ways, though typically without a careful examination of his ‘What is F-ness?’ question. I argue that Socrates employs the ‘What is F-ness?’ question as a way of introducing two distinct types of investigation into F-ness (conceptual and causal). With this established, the relationship between Socrates’ principle and his method comes to light, and the tension is resolved.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"597 - 632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2020-0125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42681726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics as Medicine: Moral Therapy, Expertise, and Practical Reasoning in al-Ghazālī’s Ethics 作为医学的伦理:al-Ghazālī伦理学中的道德治疗、专业知识和实践推理
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-06-05 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2020-5006
Sophia Vasalou
{"title":"Ethics as Medicine: Moral Therapy, Expertise, and Practical Reasoning in al-Ghazālī’s Ethics","authors":"Sophia Vasalou","doi":"10.1515/agph-2020-5006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2020-5006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The idea that ethics might be fruitfully understood in analogy with, or indeed as a form of, medicine has enjoyed a long and distinguished history. A staple of ancient philosophical thinking, it also achieved wide expression in the Islamic world. This essay explores the role of the medical analogy in the work of the eleventh-century Muslim intellectual Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī. Al-Ghazālī’s use of this analogy offers a unique vantage point for approaching several key features of his ethics of virtue, as notably expressed in the Revival of the Religious Sciences. These include his understanding of the nature of virtue and moral education; the fundamental structure of value; and most importantly, the place of human reasoning in the ethical life. This analogy also illuminates the rhetorical context of the Revival, taken as a book that aims to foster skills of practical reasoning and train its readers to become their own physicians.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"468 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2020-5006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45759336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lammer, Andreas, The Elements of Avicenna’s Physics: Greek Sources and Arabic Innovation. Scientia Graeco-Arabica, vol. 20. Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter 2018, xx + 594 pp. Lammer，Andreas，阿维森纳物理学的要素：希腊的来源和阿拉伯的创新。阿拉伯山达基，第20卷。波士顿/柏林：De Gruyter 2018，xx+594页。
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2021-2021
Xin Liu
{"title":"Lammer, Andreas, The Elements of Avicenna’s Physics: Greek Sources and Arabic Innovation. Scientia Graeco-Arabica, vol. 20. Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter 2018, xx + 594 pp.","authors":"Xin Liu","doi":"10.1515/agph-2021-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2021-2021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"103 1","pages":"761 - 764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sommer, Andreas Urs, Kommentar zu Nietzsches Zur Genealogie der Moral. Historischer und kritischer Kommentar zu Friedrich Nietzsches Werken. Band 5/2. Hrsg. von der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2019, xvii + 723 pp. 萨班德。乌尔斯，《道德家谱》评论尼采对尼采作品的关键历史和批评。乐队5/2 .Hrsg .来自海德堡学院柏林/波士顿:2019,17,20马克•房屋保险。
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-04-28 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2021-2018
Mattia Riccardi
{"title":"Sommer, Andreas Urs, Kommentar zu Nietzsches Zur Genealogie der Moral. Historischer und kritischer Kommentar zu Friedrich Nietzsches Werken. Band 5/2. Hrsg. von der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2019, xvii + 723 pp.","authors":"Mattia Riccardi","doi":"10.1515/agph-2021-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2021-2018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"103 1","pages":"369 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2021-2018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46364132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kant on Moral Respect 康德论道德尊重
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2019-0022
Anastasia N. A. Berg
{"title":"Kant on Moral Respect","authors":"Anastasia N. A. Berg","doi":"10.1515/agph-2019-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2019-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kant’s account of the feeling of moral respect has notoriously puzzled interpreters: on the one hand, moral action is supposed to be autonomous and, in particular, free of the mediation of any feeling on the other hand, the subject’s grasp of the law somehow involves the feeling of moral respect. I argue that moral respect for Kant is not, pace both the ‘intellectualists’ and ‘affectivists,’ an effect of the determination of the will by the law – whether it be a mere effect or the motivating cause of action – but is instead identical to it. Drawing on Kant’s general account of feeling as the awareness of how representations and their objects harm or benefit our own powers, I argue that the identity between moral respect and the determination to action contains two elements. Moral respect is, first, a form of practical self-consciousness which constitutes the subject’s recognition of the moral law and thus of herself as intrinsically bound by it, i. e., as a moral agent. Second, respect is a capacity for receptive awareness of particular features of our environment as well as other persons insofar as they benefit and harm us as moral agents. Thereby moral respect affords us awareness in concreto of particular, morally-conditioned ends. In this way moral respect provides the key for a Kantian account of genuinely free practical receptivity.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2019-0022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48091679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Less Said The Better: Dewey, Neurath, and Mid-Century Theories of Truth 说得越少越好:杜威、纽拉特和中世纪的真理理论
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2019-0081
J. Capps
{"title":"The Less Said The Better: Dewey, Neurath, and Mid-Century Theories of Truth","authors":"J. Capps","doi":"10.1515/agph-2019-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2019-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract John Dewey’s theory of truth is widely viewed as proposing to substitute “warranted assertibility” for “truth,” a proposal that has faced serious objections since the late 1930s. By examining Dewey’s theory in its historical context – and, in particular, by drawing parallels with Otto Neurath’s concurrent attempts to develop a non-correspondence, non-formal theory of truth – I aim to shed light on Dewey’s underlying objectives. Dewey and Neurath were well-known to each other and, as their writing and correspondence make clear, they took similar paths over the mid-century philosophical terrain. I conclude that Dewey’s account of truth is more principled, and more relevant to historical debates, than it first appears.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"164 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2019-0081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46403290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Removing Matter: Aristotle’s Criticism of Socrates the Younger 去除物质：亚里士多德对年轻苏格拉底的批判
IF 0.4 2区 哲学
ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1515/agph-2018-0053
A. Argenti
{"title":"Removing Matter: Aristotle’s Criticism of Socrates the Younger","authors":"A. Argenti","doi":"10.1515/agph-2018-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/agph-2018-0053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is concerned with a crucial passage in Metaphysics Z.11. After having established that only the formal parts of an object are stated in its definition and thus constitute its essence, Aristotle warns us against the process of separating the formal from the material parts. In doing so, he rejects the comparison proposed by Socrates the Younger. Mathematicals (e. g., shapes) cannot be equated to natural objects (e. g., animals) because some material parts must be included in accounting for the latter but not in accounting for the former. The goal of this article is to understand to what extent matter is essential to an object by examining the content of Aristotle’s criticism. My reconstruction shows that Aristotle is still committed to a formalist view. Socrates’ comparison is rejected because it removes matter not from the definitions of the subjects of metaphysics (substances), but from the definitions of their attributes.","PeriodicalId":44741,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIV FUR GESCHICHTE DER PHILOSOPHIE","volume":"104 1","pages":"26 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/agph-2018-0053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49161568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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