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IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging最新文献

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A high pressure gas scintillation drift chamber to search for evidence of a massive neutrino in the beta decay spectrum of /sup 14/C 一个高压气体闪烁漂移室，用于在/sup 14/C的β衰变谱中寻找大质量中微子的证据
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301228
S. Weiss, T. Edberg, B. Sadoulet
{"title":"A high pressure gas scintillation drift chamber to search for evidence of a massive neutrino in the beta decay spectrum of /sup 14/C","authors":"S. Weiss, T. Edberg, B. Sadoulet","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301228","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. A laboratory beta decay experiment is being conducted to search for a massive neutrino in the beta spectrum of /sup 14/C. There is controversial evidence for a 17-keV neutrino; this demands experimental initiatives using new detector technologies to decide the issue. An existing gas scintillation drift chamber has been modified to perform an innovative experiment to fill this void. This techique has the following merits: the imaging capabilities of the chamber permit fiducial cuts to eliminate events near chamber boundaries; the gaseous radioisotope source is spread uniformly throughout the active detector volume; the data rate is high; the background is low and systematically measurable; and high-pressure operation limits beta particle ranges and allows good energy resolution.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114822710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiation changes in electrical properties of polymer dielectrics and nuclear engineering: a linkage and a mutual influence 聚合物电介质电性能的辐射变化与核工程:一种联系和相互影响
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301424
E. Knizhnik, V. Tokarevsky
{"title":"Radiation changes in electrical properties of polymer dielectrics and nuclear engineering: a linkage and a mutual influence","authors":"E. Knizhnik, V. Tokarevsky","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301424","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. An attempt has been made to survey the opportunities of using or allowing for the radiation-electrical effects in polymer dielectrics for tackling nuclear engineering and technology problems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130025656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SDC data acquisition system-requirements and proposed implementation details SDC数据采集系统需求及建议实施细节
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301328
E. Barsotti, I. Gaines, A. Lankford
{"title":"SDC data acquisition system-requirements and proposed implementation details","authors":"E. Barsotti, I. Gaines, A. Lankford","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301328","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. The trigger systems proposed for the Solenoidal Collaboration Detector (SDC) at the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) should reduce physics event rates resulting from 63-MHz beam crossings from 10/sup 8/ interactions per second to between 10/sup 3/ and 10/sup 4/ events per second. Estimated event sizes range from one-half to 1 MByte, resulting in typical and maximum data acquisition system required throughput rates of 1 and 10 Gb/s, respectively. Approximately 300 crates and 400 data sources are required to house and transmit event data from the proposed eight front-end and two trigger systems to the data acquisition system's event builder. In order to achieve the very high throughput requirements, new truly parallel techniques using commercial switching networks are proposed for event building and event data flow control. Some estimates of online processing requirements have been as high as 10/sup 6/ VAX-780 equivalents.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of microstrip gas chambers on resistive supports 电阻支撑微带气体室的研制
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301126
R. Bouclier, G. Million, J. Florent, J. Gaudaen, L. Ropelewski, F. Sauli, L. Shekhtman
{"title":"Development of microstrip gas chambers on resistive supports","authors":"R. Bouclier, G. Million, J. Florent, J. Gaudaen, L. Ropelewski, F. Sauli, L. Shekhtman","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301126","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. Recent developments of microstrip gas chambers (MSGCs) manufactured on various semiconducting glass and plastic supports are discussed. While in all cases short-term measurements indicate a rate capability up to and above 5*10/sup 5/ counts/s-mm/sup 2/, long-term exposure to radiation shows gain modifications, the larger the higher the resistivity of the chamber substrate, possibly due to surface charging-up. A choice of low-resistivity supports minimizes this effect. MSGCs on semiconducting glasses in the range between 10/sup 9/ to 10/sup 15/ Omega -cm and on plastic foils, (Tedlar, Kapton, ion-implanted Kapton, and Upilex) with equivalent surface resistivities between 10/sup 11/ and 10/sup 17/ Omega /square have been realized. For the more conducting supports, aging phenomena seem to appear at the highest integral fluxes, more or less pronounced depending on the gas and the materials used, in particular for the electrodes.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130441138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peak hold monolithic integrated circuit with built-in shaping amplifier for hard X-ray detector 峰值保持单片集成电路与内置整形放大器硬x射线探测器
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301274
K. Tsukada, H. Ikeda, T. Kamae, T. Takahashi, H. Murakami
{"title":"Peak hold monolithic integrated circuit with built-in shaping amplifier for hard X-ray detector","authors":"K. Tsukada, H. Ikeda, T. Kamae, T. Takahashi, H. Murakami","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301274","url":null,"abstract":"A peak hold monolithic integrated circuit, a pulse shape discriminator (PSD), was designed and fabricated for a hard X-ray telescope of a well-type phoswich counter: Welcom-2. It will be loaded in an X-ray astronomical satellite, the Deep Universe Exploring Telescope (DUET). In order to fit the small area of the satellite, this PSD is manufactured by using a semi-custom bipolar junction transistor LSI. The circuit consists of two shaping amplifiers (100 and 500 ns), with peak hold circuits: a low level threshold comparator with a latch; a high level comparator; an auto reset circuit; and an input signal suppress circuit. Requirements for satellite use such as low power consumption under 200 mW/channel were satisfied. The circuit design and circuit analysis of the PSD have been carried out using the SPICE package. A quantitative measurement of the sample chips was carried out. The integral nonlinearity was measured to be less than 0.2% range, and the drop rate of the peak hold circuit was measured to be 0.2%/ mu s.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134579670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Overview of the Scalable Coherent Interface, IEEE STD 1596 (SCI) 可扩展相干接口概述，IEEE STD 1596 (SCI)
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301304
D. Gustavson, D. James, H. Wiggers
{"title":"Overview of the Scalable Coherent Interface, IEEE STD 1596 (SCI)","authors":"D. Gustavson, D. James, H. Wiggers","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301304","url":null,"abstract":"The Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) standard defines a new generation of interconnection that spans the full range from supercomputer memory 'bus' to campus-wide network. SCI provides bus-like services and a shared-memory software model while using an underlying packet protocol on many independent communication links. Initially these links are 1 GByte/s (wires) and 1 GBit/s (fiber), but the protocol scales well to future faster or lower-cost technologies. The interconnect may use switches, meshes, and rings. The SCI distributed-shared-memory model is simple and versatile, enabling a smooth integration of highly parallel multiprocessors, workstations, personal computers, input/output, networking, and data acquisition.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132982622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Physical characteristics of a small diameter positron emission tomograph 小直径正电子发射层析成像仪的物理特性
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301084
S. Rajeswaran, W. Jones, L. Byars, J. Young, C. Williams, M. Andreaco, S. Hume, A.A. Lammartsma, T. Jones
{"title":"Physical characteristics of a small diameter positron emission tomograph","authors":"S. Rajeswaran, W. Jones, L. Byars, J. Young, C. Williams, M. Andreaco, S. Hume, A.A. Lammartsma, T. Jones","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301084","url":null,"abstract":"The physical performance of a novel, 11.7-cm ring diameter positron emission tomograph developed to quantify in vivo tracer kinetic data from small animals and the human radial artery, has been characterized. The system incorporates 16 of the latest-generation CTI/Siemens high-resolution bismuth germanate (BGO) block detectors. Interring septa are not utilized, enabling acquisition and reconstruction of 3-D data sets. Using an energy threshold of 250 keV, the optimal mean transaxial spatial resolution is 2.8 mm FWHM at the center of the field-of-view, degrading to 4.8 and 6.0 mm at 2 and 4 cm from the center, respectively. The optimal axial resolution is 4.7 mm FWHM. The scanner has a maximal absolute sensitivity of 7.9%. The sensitivity measured with a 5.2-cm uniform cylinder is 450 Kcps/( mu Ci/ml). Scans of rat brain and the radial artery indicate the system's ability to produce kinetic data with high spatial and temporal resolutions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130887132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Instruments for monitoring airborne radioactivity 监测空气放射性的仪器
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301376
D. Ryden
{"title":"Instruments for monitoring airborne radioactivity","authors":"D. Ryden","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301376","url":null,"abstract":"The author reviews some of the methods and instruments developed at Harwell Laboratory for monitoring airborne particulate activity in (1) ducts and stacks which might carry radioactive aerial effluents; (2) working areas within nuclear facilities where a hazard from airborne radioactivity might exist; and (3) the breathing zones of individuals who might be exposed. Instruments for both real-time and retrospective measurements are described. Particular attention is given to instruments using alpha spectrometry and individual compensation against each radon and thoron daughter; discrimination by decay rate; extended-range monitors and combined alpha beta monitors.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131066356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A chemical weapon inspection system based on neutron interrogation 一种基于中子讯问的化学武器检测系统
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301138
B. W. Thomas, J. Fisher, P. R. Norman, N.J. Davies
{"title":"A chemical weapon inspection system based on neutron interrogation","authors":"B. W. Thomas, J. Fisher, P. R. Norman, N.J. Davies","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301138","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. The noninvasive examination of weapons or other sealed containers for chemical warfare agents can be achieved by neutron interrogation techniques. In this application the identification of specific key elements is associated with the detection of characteristic gamma-ray emissions following neutron absorption. An experimental program of work has been conducted that has led to the construction of prototype equipment for field evaluation and proof of principle. Laboratory development work was carried out in the early stages of the project to explore the basic physics suitable for measurement.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133532058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hidden-data spaces for maximum-likelihood PET reconstruction 最大似然PET重建的隐藏数据空间
IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Pub Date : 1992-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301014
J. Fessler
{"title":"Hidden-data spaces for maximum-likelihood PET reconstruction","authors":"J. Fessler","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1992.301014","url":null,"abstract":"The author shows that expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms based on smaller complete data spaces will typically converge faster. As an example, he compares the two maximum-likelihood (ML) image reconstruction algorithms of D. G. Politte and D. L. Snyder (1991) which are based on measurement models that account for attenuation and accidental coincidences in positron-emission tomography (PET).<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":447239,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging","volume":"92 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133557128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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