CANADIAN LITERATURE最新文献

{"title":"2 Tender Labour","authors":"Jennifer E. Shaw","doi":"10.59962/9780774871327-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59962/9780774871327-005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"62-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147900116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The violence of recognition: legal representation of lesbian asylum seekers in Canada’s safe haven imaginary","authors":"Mintha, Alix","doi":"10.14288/1.0450503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0450503","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis examines how Canada’s refugee determination system, despite its global reputation as a “safe haven” and relatively high acceptance rate, enacts structural and psychological harms on lesbian asylum seekers. Focusing on the role of affect, narrative, and legal process, I argue that refugee determination functions as a form of legal violence through discriminatory credibility assessments, systemic violence through inconceivability and denial of the lesbian identity, and psychological violence through the retraumatization of lesbian claimants. While the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) has implemented Chairperson’s Guideline 9 on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIESC) to address discrimination, this research finds that the Guidelines are frequently ignored, misunderstood, or applied performatively. While regarded by the IRB as fool-proof mechanisms for assessing the truth of someone’s identity and lived experience, credibility assessments reproduce racialized, masculinized, and heteronormative templates of sexual identity that force claimants to perform trauma and embody Western norms of lesbian visibility in order to be seen as “authentic.” The result is a “credibility fetish” which belies what is actuality a pervasive culture of skepticism, denial, and retraumatization within the IRB that subjects’ claimants’ sexual identities to mistrust and heightened scrutiny, particularly for racialized, queer women. Drawing on thirteen semistructured interviews with immigration lawyers across Ontario and British Columbia, this thesis centers their narratives to illuminate adjudicative trends around the politics of credibility in the SOGIESC asylum process. It highlights the demands around truth, knowledge, and storytelling that lesbian asylum seekers and their legal representatives must navigate when constructing a viable claim. The research also explores the emotional toll and moral dilemmas lawyers face when working within a system that demands evidence of a particularized form of orientalist iv suffering to validate protection. This tension reflects the broader challenges faced by lesbian asylum seekers and their lawyers, where the performance of suffering and trauma becomes a form of psychic harm itself. The thesis concludes by problematizing Canada’s self-fashioning as a protector of queer and trans refugees and offers practical recommendations for lawyers and IRB decision makers aimed at reducing retraumatization and strengthening the application of the SOGIESC Guidelines.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0450503/4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of activated sludge microbial communities in a full-scale activated sludge wastewater treatment system","authors":"Malkowski, Juliet","doi":"10.14288/1.0447787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0447787","url":null,"abstract":"Urban development relies on biological wastewater treatment to metabolize organic material, nutrients, and transform pollutants before entering the receiving environment. Activated sludge is a commonly used biological treatment process and hosts a complex and largely unidentified microbial community. Wastewater treatment operators utilize various monitoring parameters to optimize removal efficiencies in the activated sludge system; yet a knowledge gap exists regarding the specific roles certain microbes play in water treatment, and how microbial community data can be generated and used for routine process monitoring. This thesis studied the benefits of using microbial community composition as an additional monitoring parameter for wastewater operators to utilize for making informed decisions. Activated sludge samples were taken twice a week at a regional wastewater treatment plant for over a year and analyzed using a full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing method with the Nanopore platform. To discern which microorganisms were active in the wastewater treatment process, an ecological genomics-based mass balance model (EGMB) was established using full-length 16S rRNA zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTU’s). Previous EGMB models utilized short read data that have lower taxonomic resolution than long-read data, presenting an opportunity here to develop a more accurate model. The EGMB model was able to accurately distinguish process-critical species from inactive immigrating species, find their seasonal differences, and predict an incoming process disturbance. An additional analysis was conducted on the activated sludge microbial community to determine which operational parameters and influent characteristics had the greatest influence on community composition and found temperature and stirred sludge volume index to have the highest association with the active microbial community.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0447787/3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 3 Honouring the Drummer: Embodied Knowledge from within My Community","authors":"Georgina Martin","doi":"10.59962/9780774870108-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59962/9780774870108-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"48-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of in-person versus virtual health consultations for full mouth rehabilitation in pediatric dental patients","authors":"Amaniampong, Kevin","doi":"10.14288/1.0444082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0444082","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Our primary objective was to determine if differences exist between the estimated and actual numbers of teeth requiring treatment and the time required under general anesthesia for dental treatment in virtual and in-person dental consultations. Secondarily, we assessed the distance from the primary residence to BC Children's Hospital (BCCH) for families using consultations. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients meeting the criteria. Data were collected for both types of consultations, including patient demographics, estimated treatment information (predicted treatment time and number of teeth planned for treatment), presence of caregiver-obtained pretreatment photographs, and actual treatment outcomes. The average percent difference was calculated by determining the difference between measured and predicted values and expressing this difference as a percentage of the measured value. Based on photograph presence and quality, the virtual consultation group was further split into no, poor, fair or excellent pretreatment photographs. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc testing and unpaired T-tests were performed using Prism V10.0. Human ethics # H21-02433. Results: A total of 321 patients [Mean Age = 76.277± 49.4 months] were included. There were 183 (57%) in-person and 138 (43%) virtual consultations. Out of the virtual consultations, 97 (70%) included pretreatment photographs, while 41 (30%) did not include pretreatment photographs. The average difference in the predicted versus the actual time needed for treatment was significantly higher in virtual health consultations with poor pretreatment photographs (105.2%, p= 0.0003) compared to in-person consultations (35.3%). The remaining groups showed no significant differences. No significant differences were also found in the percentage difference in teeth treated between the consultation types. Significant differences (p = 0.003) were observed between the average distance traveled to the hospital between all virtual (138km) and in-person (60.8km) patient consultations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that virtual dental consultations can be effective for planning dental treatment under general anesthesia, especially for families who live farther away. Our study highlights that photographs may not be essential in treatment planning for virtual patients, making it feasible for more widespread adoption of virtual consultations for pediatric dental treatment under general anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0444082/3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canada's response to the Venezuelan humanitarian crisis : strengths and limitations of Canada's policies to help Venezuelan migrants and refugees","authors":"Villegas Solano, Ricardo","doi":"10.14288/1.0447196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0447196","url":null,"abstract":"Canada's Liberal government has worked alongside the international community to respond to the Venezuelan humanitarian crisis per proclaimed domestic values and international objectives. The project examines the domestic and international factors that shape Canada's response to Venezuela's political and economic crisis and the exodus of approximately 7.7 million migrants and refugees. It argues that Ottawa's proclaimed internationalist foreign policy serves as a tool to mask the factors guiding the formation and implementation of Canada's response to the crisis, including its economic and security dependence on the U.S. and shared ideological interests with Washington. It also suggests that the limited capacity of the Venezuelan community in Canada restricts their ability to influence policy formation in Ottawa. The study uses information from eighteen semi-structured interviews with government officials, non-governmental organizations, academics, and Venezuelan community leaders in Canada to uncover the rationale behind the government's response. In addition, the project draws from the Venezuelan experience to offer a critical analysis of Canada's immigration policies, especially its refugee protection program, to examine the characteristics underpinning the program. The study challenges Canada's global humanitarian reputation by investigating the formation and implementation of policies that constrain the Venezuelan refugee crisis within a specified zone. It offers an opportunity to assess Canada's foreign policy, immigration policies, and role in the global system.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0447196/4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"Azar Masoumi","doi":"10.59962/9780774868730-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59962/9780774868730-013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"201-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating the effects of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 and Grapevine red blotch virus in ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ using crop thinning, and investigating the role of virus titer in disease severity in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia","authors":"Mahovlic, April","doi":"10.14288/1.0434662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0434662","url":null,"abstract":"Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) and Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) are economically important viruses in British Columbia that decrease grapevine health and fruit quality. This study aimed to investigate the use of crop thinning to mitigate negative impacts of GLRaV-3 and GRBV on vine health and fruit quality of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vines in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, as well as understand the role of virus titer in disease severity. A commercial vineyard site with adjacent ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ blocks was selected in a complete-randomized trial conducted in 2021 and 2022 growing seasons. GLRaV-3 and GRBV vines were paired 1:1 with healthy vines, and each pair was designated a cropping treatment, applied at pea-sized berries stage, of either 1.5 clusters per shoot (1.5 C/S) or 1.0 cluster per shoot (1.0 C/S). Vine health parameters and virus titer measurements were taken four times in the season and fruit quality measurements were taken once at harvest. GLRaV-3 infection increased crop load and titratable acidity (TA), and decreased Brix. Crop thinning decreased TA and anthocyanins and increased pH of healthy vines. 1.0 C/S GLRaV-3 vines had significantly higher pH than 1.5 C/S GLRaV-3 vines. However, all these impacts were year and cultivar dependent, suggesting that crop thinning is not sufficient to mitigate GLRaV-3 impacts in ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. GRBV had more consistent impacts on vine health and fruit quality, as infection decreased leaf greenness (SPAD), increased berry weight, cluster weight, pruning weight, crop load, TA and pH, and decreased Brix, yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN). Crop thinning did not significantly impact GRBV infected vines, thus was not sufficient to mitigate virus effects. GLRaV-3 and GRBV titer was highest at pea-sized berries and harvest, and may follow a seasonal pattern corresponding to temperature changes. Viral titer was negatively correlated with photosynthesis (Anet), stomatal conductance (gs), SPAD, berry weight, cluster weight, yield, TA and YAN. However results differed by virus, cultivar and year, and weren’t indicative of negative impacts to vine health or fruit quality.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0434662/4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the sucrose synthase promoters in Arabidopsis thaliana and hybrid poplar","authors":"Muirragui, Emilia","doi":"10.14288/1.0431369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0431369","url":null,"abstract":"Sucrose synthase is a glycosyl transferase enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reversible cleavage of sucrose into fructose and UDP-glucose in terrestrial plants. This role in sucrose breakdown has been associated with determining sink strength, modulating phloem loading, and possibly participating in cellulose and starch biosynthesis. In Arabidopsis thaliana, all six SuSy isoforms have been observed to localize to vascular tissues other than the xylem, a major site of cellulose deposition. However, it is highly possible that SuSy plays a more significant role in cellulose biosynthesis in other plant species, such as the aspen family (Populus spp.), where several isoforms have been identified to localize preferentially to the mature xylem. Previous studies have demonstrated that promoters play essential roles in transcriptional regulation, and that the regulatory elements found in their distal and proximal regions could be fundamental to regulating spatiotemporal gene expression. As such, the primary objective of this thesis was to identify differences in the spatiotemporal localization of SuSy in A. thaliana and P. trichocarpa, by assessing the putative contribution of the promoter regions to the functional role(s) of SuSy in plant growth and development. This was investigated by first identifying essential motifs via a bioinformatic analysis of PtSuSy1, PtSuSy2, AtSuSy1, AtSuSy4 promoter sequences, and then comparing enzyme localization via histochemical staining and live-cell imaging across the vascular tissues of A. thaliana and P. trichocarpa when driven by the same promoter (PtSUS1p). Two SNBE-like motifs were identified in the distal region of the poplar SuSy promoters, and given their absence from the Arabidopsis orthologs, were selected for further analysis via promoter truncation experiments. These, along with other GUS transformants, had a sequencing error which caused a frameshift mutation preventing verified transgenic plants from producing visible GUS phenotypes. Instead, expression analysis was conducted to compare transcript abundance across vascular tissues in poplar trees. Results showed significantly higher GUS gene expression in the xylem tissues compared to the phloem, in wild-type poplar where the gene is driven by the native PtSUS1p. Although several questions remain unanswered, these findings partially support PtSUS1p as a spatiotemporal promoter capable of regulating xylem-specific gene expression.","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0431369/3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Creeping Privatization of Immigration Detention in Canada","authors":"Jona Zyfi, Audrey Macklin","doi":"10.59962/9780774866866-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59962/9780774866866-013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44701,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN LITERATURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"247-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147883090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}