Geographica Pannonica最新文献

{"title":"An example of the adverse impacts of various anthropogenic activities on aquatic bodies: Water quality assessment of the Provadiyska river (Northeastern Bulgaria)","authors":"K. Seymenov","doi":"10.5937/gp26-38196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-38196","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activities deteriorate the quality of water resources, which reduces their socio-economic suitability, endangers public health, and affects aquatic life. This work presents the results of physicochemical monitoring of the Provadiyska River (Northeastern Bulgaria) and aims to assess water quality status according to the guidelines pointed out in the National regulatory standard-Regulation H-4/2012 for characterization of the surface waters. The selected river has become one of the most seriously polluted streams in the territory of the country due to the effect of various human practices occurring in the drainage basin, such as agriculture, industry, and urban development. Data about the values of ten physicochemical variables (pH, EC, DO 2 , N-NH 4 , N-NO 3 , N-NO 2 , N-tot, P-PO 4 , P-tot, and BOD 5), recorded at four measuring points during the period 2015-2020 have been used. Results obtained indicate that almost all of the parameters considered do not meet the reference norm for \"Good status\", thus water quality could be assessed as \"Moderate\". Failed variables appear to be EC, N-NH 4 , N-NO 3 , N-NO 2 , N-tot, P-PO 4 , P-tot, and BOD 5 whose highest observed content remains from two up to nine times above the maximum permissible limits of Regulation H-4/2012. Water contamination arises from different sources and activities, including the excessive fertilization of croplands, the unregulated release of animal manure from livestock farms, the uncontrolled discharge of municipal and industrial effluents into the river, etc. The expansion of sewerage systems in the settlements, the construction of wastewater treatment facilities, as well as the adoption of codes for best farming practices are among the most important actions that should be taken to reduce the deleterious effects of various anthropogenic activities on water quality.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light pollution mapping in Pécs city with the help of SQM-L and VIIRS DNB: The effect of public luminaire replacements on the sky background of the urban sky","authors":"P. Gyenizse, Emese Soltész, Lóczy Dénes, János Kovács, László Nagyváradi, T. Elekes, Sára Gyenizse-Nagy, Gergő Németh, Ákos Halmai","doi":"10.5937/gp26-39526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-39526","url":null,"abstract":"Recently light pollution has been one of the most dynamically increasing form of environmental pollution. Light, if it arrives at the wrong place, time, quantity and quality, is harmful to human health and the physical environment-not to mention that it is a mere waste of energy. The brightness of the sky above Pécs was measured by SQM-L instruments in 2011 and 2019. Maps of the different neighbourhoods with different levels of light pollution have been prepared. In addition, special VIIRS day/night band satellite images were also analysed using QGIS software. Our investigations coincided with the modernization of street lighting in the city. The impact of LED illuminators installed along main roads in Pécs was observed locally.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing greenswales: A nature-based approach to preserve seasonal channels: Learnings from Chandigarh, India","authors":"Ankita Sood, A. Biswas","doi":"10.5937/gp26-40126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-40126","url":null,"abstract":"For long, the cities depended on grey infrastructure for draining stormwater. However, incidences of pluvial flooding are increasing, and existing grey infrastructure is unable to take up the additional stormwater load. Consequently, planners are forced to think of new and sustainable alternatives for stormwater management. Natural channels can supplement the stormwater drainage systems, but these channels in cities are reclaimed to provide land for housing and other functions despite their crucial role. This study presents the case of a natural channel in Chandigarh (India) that is redeveloped as a greenspace without compromising its function of stormwater conveyance. We analytically discussed the non-intentional preservation of this seasonal natural channel and introduced a new term, greenswales, for similar arrangements. A greenswale is defined as the stretch of greenspaces laid over a natural channel, ephemeral or intermittent, having stormwater detention and conveyance as primary functions during precipitation. This study's significant finding is that the seasonal natural channels in a city can be safeguarded through the judicious superimposition of green spaces over them. Crucial lessons from this case can guide new developments in utilising natural seasonal channels as a nature-based solution for stormwater management, reducing the load on grey infrastructure and providing the city with a greenspace.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization trends in the 21st century: A driver for negative climate, noise and air quality impacts on urban population","authors":"S. Savić, Miloš Bjelić, D. Šumarac-Pavlović, D. Milošević, Jelena Dunjić, L. Lazić, M. Žarković, T. Miljkovic","doi":"10.5937/gp26-41319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-41319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71225034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pixel and object-based land cover mapping and change detection from 1986 to 2020 for Hungary using histogram-based gradient boosting classification tree classifier","authors":"András Gudmann, L. Mucsi","doi":"10.5937/gp26-37720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-37720","url":null,"abstract":"The large-scale pixel-based land use/land cover classification is a challenging task, which depends on many circumstances. This study aims to create LULC maps with the nomenclature of Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) Land Cover (CLC) for years when the CLC databases are not available. Furthermore, testing the predicted maps for land use changes in the last 30 years in Hungary. Histogram-based gradient boosting classification tree (HGBCT) classifier was tested at classification. According to the results, the classifier, with the use of texture variance and landscape metrics is capable to generate accurate predicted maps, and the comparison of the predicted maps provides a detailed image of the land use changes.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining a theoretical concept: (Im)mobility as a factor of perforation in a rural Hungarian context","authors":"Levente Alpek, G. Pirisi, Róbert Tésits, A. Trócsányi, Éva Máté, Á. Németh","doi":"10.5937/gp26-38880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-38880","url":null,"abstract":"Rural restructuring became a frame definition to describe the changing circumstances of rurality within modernization and post-modernization processes. When it comes to modernization, differentiation mostly denotes an increasing urban lifestyle, higher level of mobility and flexibility and dynamic society of the rural. However, a brief overview on rural spaces proved, that in many cases the new challenges of modernization or post-modern values indicate a fragmentation in societies. The approach to reach a higher level of mobility due to the centralized spatial structure of workplaces results in a distinction between social groups; what is more, demographic decline intensifies because of the relatively high mobility of certain rural groups. This paper focuses on those social groups, which have a relatively low level of mobility, therefore they get isolated in a rural locality. The settlements, where most of the local society lacks mobility, could cause the perforation of the settlement system, thus the isolation of some rural social groups leads to a dysfunctional settlement structure. In these terms, perforation means a process, in which a settlement loses connections with local centres or other communities due to the low mobility of residents. Therefore, perforation refers to the lack of local networks, an immobile society, and a set of problems, like unemployment, deprivation, or deviant behaviour. According to the author's presumptions, the mobility of residents could express the volume of perforation as the more isolated the residents are, the less network functions in a rural settlement system can be found. For this reason, this research measures the mobility level of residents in a Hungarian rural locality named Baranyai-Hegyhát, located in the Southern-Transdanubia Region. According to survey data, a mathematical model can describe mobility patterns in this area, which is used as a method to find isolating settlements in a disabled space. The theoretical concept of perforation is supposed to be an experimental approach to interpret complex isolation processes in rural spaces, as such, in this paper, we are to test our theory with the method of the Corrected Mobility Index.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of a flood susceptibility map of evenly weighted conditioning factors for Hungary","authors":"Noémi Sarkadi, E. Pirkhoffer, Lóczy Dénes, L. Balatonyi, I. Geresdi, S. Fábián, G. Varga, Richárd Balogh, Alexandra Gradwohl-Valkay, Ákos Halmai, S. Czigány","doi":"10.5937/gp26-38969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-38969","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, in the mountainous, hilly and/or urban areas of Hungary several high-intensity storms were followed by severe flash flooding and other hydrologic consequences. The overall aim of this paper was to upgrade the national flash flood susceptibility map of Hungary first published by Czigány et al. (2011). One elementary watershed level (FFSIws) and three settlement level flash flood susceptibility maps (FFSIs) were constructed using 13 environmental factors that influence flash flood generation. FFSI maps were verified by 2,677 documented flash flood events. In total, 5,458 watersheds were delineated. Almost exactly 10% of all delineated watersheds were included into the category of extreme susceptibility. While the number of the mean-based FFSIs demonstrated a normal quasi-Gaussian distribution with very low percentages in the quintile of low and extreme categories, the maximum-based FFSIs overemphasized the proportion of settlements of high and extreme susceptibility. These two categories combined accounted for more than 50% of all settlements. The highest accuracy at 59.02% for class 5 (highest susceptibility) was found for the majority based FFSIs. The current map has been improved compared to the former one in terms of (i) a higher number of conditional factors considered, (ii) higher resolution, (iii) being settlement-based and (iv) a higher number of events used for verification.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of factors influencing the quality of life in European Union countries evaluated by Principal Component Analysis","authors":"M. Ivanova, Radoslav Klamár, Erika Fecková-Škrabuľáková","doi":"10.5937/gp26-34191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-34191","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper we evaluate the quality of life in European Union countries. The introductory database is made up of 19 variables which, in our view, appropriately capture numerous spheres of human life. The reference date for this data, taken from the Eurostat database is April 10, 2021. The Principal Component Analysis that we have used in this paper is not rare in the conditions of multivariate statistics, however, when evaluating the quality of life, it is not much used. Many authors dealing with the topic take advantage of the traditional questionnaire survey and the points-based approach when analysing data. Our objective was to demonstrate that the Principal Component Analysis can be used in evaluating quality of life, especially if it is necessary to evaluate a significant number of variables and select factors with the highest impact. Apart from the main objective-the identification of factors most impacting the quality of life in European Union countries, we also focused on the comparison of countries as per particular main factors and searched for what caused differences between them. Quality of life is also reflected in the subjective perception of responders' happiness. We were concerned to know whether the evaluated data would indicate that the feeling of happiness increases along with prosperity , or does not depend on growing prosperity at a certain stage.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future climatic variabilities in the Mano River union, its implications on socio-economic development","authors":"Mahmoud Solomon, O. Abiodun, Olusina Olalekan, O. Bolarinwa","doi":"10.5937/gp26-36677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-36677","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of climatic variability of any country or region is essential to socioeconomic development. This is particularly important as most sectors of national development can be altered if the climatic conditions are unsuitable. A hypothetical case lies in the fact that agriculture largely depends on apposite climate for fruitful production. The Mano River Region consists of some of the world's poorest and least developed nations (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote D'Ivoire). The primary means of sustenance in this region is rain-fed agriculture. Knowledge of current and future climatic conditions in the region will be of significant benefit to the economy of the region. This work investigates the current and future state of climate in the region using six climatic parameters (Maximum and minimum temperature, Precipitation , Relative Humidity, Wind Speed and Solar Radiation) spanning 1975-2018. To model the im-pact/relationship, Kalman Filter was used. These variables were grouped into state transition and control variables. Transfer functions which depict relationships between every two variables at a time with one being input and the other considered as output were used to determine state transition and control variable matrices. Control variables (population and land use) were introduced to control the dynamism of the model in MATLAB environment. Results show that there is a drastic variation in climate in the region within the period of the data. This work establishes that there are rapid variabilities in these parameters which can be attributed to increase in population and loss of vegetation.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-nature relationship and public perception of environmental hazards along the Maros/Mureş river (Hungary and Romania)","authors":"G. Sipos, Viktória Blanka-Végi, F. Ardelean, A. Onaca, Zsuzsanna Ladányi, A. Rácz, P. Urdea","doi":"10.5937/gp26-39657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-39657","url":null,"abstract":"Public participation is increasingly important in flood and environmental management planning. Accordingly , understanding the attitude of local society to natural values and their relations with the environment is highly important to realize successful development projects. This study aimed to analyze the human-nature relationship, the public perceptions of environmental hazards and people's engagement with water management related and human interventions at Maros/Mureş River through a public survey. The survey was carried out in 11 Romanian and Hungarian settlements using the random walking method to interview the local public. The results show that people are a little pessimistic concerning the state of the river, and there are misbeliefs about the general problems affecting its present environmental status. Meanwhile, the perception of flood hazard is governed by the fading memory of the last high-risk flood event in 1970. The engagement of residents is mostly affected by socio-demographic parameters. However, the regularity they visit the river is also very important. Consequently, informing people on apparent environmental issues and processes can greatly help the socially inclusive implementation of water management measures along the river.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}