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The suppression task and first‐order predicate calculus 抑制任务与一阶谓词演算
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12494
Miguel López‐Astorga
{"title":"The suppression task and first‐order predicate calculus","authors":"Miguel López‐Astorga","doi":"10.1111/theo.12494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12494","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The suppression task challenges classical logic. Classical logic is monotonic. However, in the suppression task, an inference with the form of modus ponendo ponens is inhibited by adding a new premise. Several explanations have been given to account for this fact. The present paper indicates three of them as examples: that of the theory of mental models, that based on logic programming and closed world assumption, and that referring to Carnap's concept of state‐descriptions. Besides, the paper offers one more explanation linked to Carnap's idea of reduction. It proposes sentences akin to a reduction sentence, a pair reduction, and a bilateral reduction sentence. Those sentences are related to the initial conditional in the suppression task. This proposal tries to stay within first‐order predicate logic.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Law of Peoples and Rectificatory Justice 民间法与司法公正
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12492
Eleonora d'Annibale
{"title":"The Law of Peoples and Rectificatory Justice","authors":"Eleonora d'Annibale","doi":"10.1111/theo.12492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12492","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, I argue that a principle of rectification for past wrongdoings could and should be added to Rawls's Law of Peoples on the ground that unrectified past injustice undermines the notion of equality of peoples. I base this work on a conception of rectification that includes apologies as well as economic compensation, and I focus on the step of compensation. To do so, I briefly discuss how the maximin decision rule can adapt to the second original position. To address the compatibility of rectificatory justice with Rawls's work, I focus on the strains of commitment and consider Rawls's account of peoples' fundamental interests. Rawls's conception of international justice needs to be responsive to peoples' fundamental interest in equality, which calls for proper protection of their means of self‐respect. Although the moral imbalance stemming from past injustice is overlooked in The Law of Peoples , I show that Rawls's theoretical framework can ground a principle of rectification.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics and democracy 伦理与民主
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12499
Sven Ove Hansson
{"title":"Ethics and democracy","authors":"Sven Ove Hansson","doi":"10.1111/theo.12499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Swedish theses in philosophy 2022 瑞典哲学论文 2022
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12500
Sven Ove Hansson
{"title":"Swedish theses in philosophy 2022","authors":"Sven Ove Hansson","doi":"10.1111/theo.12500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Every view is a view from somewhere: Pragmatist laws and possibility 每一种观点都是来自某个地方的观点:实用主义的法则和可能性
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1387/theoria.24471
H. K. Andersen
{"title":"Every view is a view from somewhere: Pragmatist laws and possibility","authors":"H. K. Andersen","doi":"10.1387/theoria.24471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/theoria.24471","url":null,"abstract":"Humean accounts of laws are often contrasted with governing accounts, and recent developments have added pragmatic versions of Humeanism. This paper offers Mitchell’s pragmatist, perspectival account of laws as a third option. The differences between these accounts come down to the role of modality. Mitchell’s bottom-up account allows for subtle gradations of modal content to be conveyed by laws. The perspectival character of laws is not an accident or something to be eventually eliminated – it is part of how this modal content is conveyed. I conclude with a discussion of the metaphysical commitments in Humeanism as requiring a perspectiveless view of the manifold from outside, and how Mitchell’s situated account is better able to account for the substantive notion of possibility involved in scientific laws.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural realism and theory classification 结构现实主义与理论分类
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12491
Federico Benitez
{"title":"Structural realism and theory classification","authors":"Federico Benitez","doi":"10.1111/theo.12491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12491","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ontic structural realism constitutes a promising take on scientific realism, one that avoids the well‐known issues that realist stances have with underdetermination and theory change. In its most radical versions, ontic structural realism proposes a type of eliminativism about theoretical entities, ascribing ontological commitment only to the structures, and not to the objects appearing in our theories. More moderate versions of ontic structural realism have also been proposed, allowing for ‘thin’ objects in the ontology. This work connects these takes on structural realism with the independent notion that there are two categorically different kinds of scientific theories, namely those that deal with interactions and those that deal with structural constraints – what are known as interaction and framework theories, respectively. By taking this classification seriously, one can arrive at a selective version of ontic structural realism which is better adapted to our scientific knowledge, in which eliminativist ontic structural realism constitutes a natural fit to framework theories, whereas the moderate version is connected to interaction theories.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of imagination and recollection in the method of phenomenal contrast 想象和回忆在现象对比法中的作用
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/theo.12489
Hamid Nourbakhshi
{"title":"The role of imagination and recollection in the method of phenomenal contrast","authors":"Hamid Nourbakhshi","doi":"10.1111/theo.12489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/theo.12489","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The method of phenomenal contrast (in perception) invokes the phenomenal character of perceptual experience as a means to discover its contents. The method implicitly takes for granted that ‘what it is like’ to have a perceptual experience e is the same as ‘what it is like’ to imagine or recall it; accordingly, in its various proposed implementations, the method treats imaginations and/or recollections as interchangeable with real experiences. The method thus always contrasts a pair of experiences, at least one of which is imagined or remembered rather than occurrent. Surveying all eighteen forms of implementing the method, I argue that in all of the proposed pairings, the substitution of imagination or recollection for perceptual experience in the method, is either inconceivable or impermissible. I identify four reasons why I think imagination cannot be substituted for real experience, and three reasons why recollection cannot be substituted for real experience. If my argument works, there is no form of implementing the method that is useful for discovering the contents of experience, and thus the method is not a well‐functioning tool to study the contents of perception.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135741590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pluralism and complexity without integration? A critical appraisal of Mitchell’s integrative pluralism 没有一体化的多元化和复杂性?对米切尔综合多元主义的批判性评价
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1387/theoria.23871
Roger Deulofeu, Javier Suárez
{"title":"Pluralism and complexity without integration? A critical appraisal of Mitchell’s integrative pluralism","authors":"Roger Deulofeu, Javier Suárez","doi":"10.1387/theoria.23871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/theoria.23871","url":null,"abstract":"This paper critically examines Mitchell’s integrative pluralism. Integrative pluralism is the view that scientific explanations should primarily aim to integrate descriptions from different ontological levels. We contend that, while integrative pluralism is a fundamental strategy in contemporary science, there are specific reasons why one should not expect integration in the sense developed by Mitchell to be the optimal strategy and the one that scientists should always aim for. Drawing on some examples from contemporary biology, we argue that integration is sometimes neither epistemically desirable, nor ontologically achievable. We conclude that integrative pluralism should thus be limited to a specific class of complex systems but cannot be generalised as the preferable research strategy without further information about the epistemic practices of the scientific community or the ontology of the system under investigation.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The normative role of logic for reasoning 逻辑在推理中的规范性作用
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1387/theoria.24374
Alba Massolo
{"title":"The normative role of logic for reasoning","authors":"Alba Massolo","doi":"10.1387/theoria.24374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/theoria.24374","url":null,"abstract":"This paper advocates for the normative role of logic in reasoning. I offer a response, anchored in an externalist perspective, to two fronts of attack against the normativity thesis, namely Harman’s sceptical challenge and the accusation of naturalistic fallacy. On the one hand, I rework dialogical bridge principles and show that such principles satisfy adequacy criteria to deal with Harman’s challenge. On the other hand, I argue that it is possible to derive normative consequences from logical facts. This is because argumentative interactions among agents involve the acceptance of constitutive rules that entail obligations. Hence, since logical rules can be seen as constitutive of the social practice of reasoning, they create prescriptions for reasoning. Bridge principles make those obligations and prohibitions explicit.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identity and Relation 同一性与关系
3区 哲学
THEORIA Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3167/th.2023.7017603
Ettienne Smook
{"title":"Identity and Relation","authors":"Ettienne Smook","doi":"10.3167/th.2023.7017603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/th.2023.7017603","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sustained dialogue between people and the authenticity of relationships are dependent on the existence of an epistemic distance between the interlocutors – there needs to be a difference between the patterns of thought salient among the subjects involved. A lack thereof must lead to the collapse of the conditions requisite for continued engagement. This is the case because we can only sustain dialogue based on difference of opinion among agents. In short, similar constitutions of the ego must lead to a breakdown in communication. The consumer industry populates the world with objects of a similar ilk and thereby renders the environment homogeneous. The egos constructed under its rule must thus be similar in nature, hence the claim that dialogue must collapse under its rule. However, should we focus on the sundered duties implied by a community, as we intend to do with this article, we may recover the conditions of epistemic distance and thereby also the conditions of sustained and authentic relationships.","PeriodicalId":44638,"journal":{"name":"THEORIA","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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