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"But One Generation Removed from Extinction": Folklore Studies and the Mitigation of Precarity “只有一代人免于灭绝”:民俗学研究与不稳定性的缓解
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.02
Sarah M. Gordon
{"title":"\"But One Generation Removed from Extinction\": Folklore Studies and the Mitigation of Precarity","authors":"Sarah M. Gordon","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Conditions of precarity are those in which the overwhelming needs of the present override the ability of a person, community, or state to materially anticipate or account for the future. Precarity can be fiscal, social, or political, and often more than one of these at a time. Folklorists have very rarely taken precarity per se as a topic of interest, but folklore both as an academic discipline and as a form of popular expression has been driven since its origins to mitigate precarity. This article reflects on three important moments in the history of folklore: the work of the Grimms, the Finnish nationalist movement, and the Irish Folklore Commission, and addresses how each of them was motivated by the desire to manage and mitigate precarity among vulnerable communities. Then, it reviews the impact of the Hampton Folklore Society and outlines how its engagements with the American Folklore Society foreshadow contemporary tensions in folklore.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"28 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42410502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
"How Can You Trust a Country?": Precarity, Personal Narrative, and Occupational Folklore among Afghan Refugees in the US “你怎么能信任一个国家？”：美国阿富汗难民的不稳定、个人叙事和职业民俗
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.04
Benjamin Gatling
{"title":"\"How Can You Trust a Country?\": Precarity, Personal Narrative, and Occupational Folklore among Afghan Refugees in the US","authors":"Benjamin Gatling","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The US State Department has issued twenty-six thousand special immigrant visas (SIV) to Afghan translators, guards, embassy staff, and their dependents since 2009. The case of Afghan SIV recipients is unique because of the overlapping ways that precarity has doubly characterized the Afghan experience in both Afghanistan and the US. Work for the defense contracting industry in Afghanistan was dangerous and temporary. Now refugees struggle for stability in the gig economy, many while driving for Uber and Lyft. This article explores how Afghans conceptualize this precarity through stories about their work in Afghanistan and the US. Occupational identity and work have been foundational to core theorizations of personal narrative. This article uses the stories of precarious workers to interrogate the centrality of work identity in folkloristic theories of personal narrative. Additionally, this article uses the experiences of Afghan refugees to suggest what a more critical engagement with precarity offers folklore studies of work.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"53 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Signs of the Vanished: Commemoration in Contexts of Precarity 消失的迹象:不稳定背景下的纪念
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.03
Kate Parker Horigan
{"title":"Signs of the Vanished: Commemoration in Contexts of Precarity","authors":"Kate Parker Horigan","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Folklorists have long studied how lives are grieved, and these efforts can adapt to changing forms of vernacular commemoration in current contexts of global precarity. This article explores two case studies with surprising resonance, post-Katrina New Orleans and postwar Bosnia-Herzegovina. In each instance, survivors of disaster or genocide mark their losses despite ongoing instabilities and even displacement, with absence emerging as both a condition and a feature of memorialization. Two important forms of commemoration materialize in these contexts, counting and mattering. Katrina survivors and genocide survivors employ the multiple meanings of each word through their performances of commemoration: they emphasize the numerical toll of victims, mark those victims' lives and deaths as important, engage with the material presence of death, and demand recognition of their own enduring significance.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"29 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46839467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Black Folk, White Gaze: Folklore and Black Male Precarity 黑人民间、白人凝视：民间传说与黑人男性的不稳定
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.05
L. Wilkins
{"title":"Black Folk, White Gaze: Folklore and Black Male Precarity","authors":"L. Wilkins","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The intersections of racism and economic oppression in the US have worked to put African American men in a state of perpetual precarity. This multiangled and aggressive oppression has resulted in high rates of educational instability, mass incarceration, and early death among this group. As such, a segment of Black male folklife engages and addresses illegal activity and incarceration. Further, aspects of Black male folklife have been used as evidence of Black male criminality. From language practices to dress to hip hop and more, the folklife of Black men has a reciprocal relationship with crime, punishment, and physical vulnerability. This phenomenon also extends to Black men doing folklore work.In this article, I use historical and contemporary case studies as well as personal reflections to examine the complex precarity of Black male life through its relationship to folk practices. This piece will explore folklife as a tool of oppression, voice of protest and affirmation, and field of practice that illuminates the nuances of Black male subjugation. Ultimately, the purpose of this article is to provide important considerations for academic and public sector folklorists who engage with Black male folk genres and tradition bearers.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"77 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48953241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cultural Brokerage Revisited 文化经纪再遇
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-10 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.03
R. Baron
{"title":"Cultural Brokerage Revisited","authors":"R. Baron","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Cultural brokerage is a core concept and practice relating to all aspects of public folklore. An examination of how it is conceptualized and employed in various disciplines reveals key distinctive features and suggests new avenues for rethinking its application. Cultural brokers produce programming, apply expertise, engage advocacy, and facilitate access to resources for the communities and groups with which they work. Brokerage entails intervention and multiple mediations with long-term consequences that shape the identities of both broker and brokered. Self-interest and mutual interests are always present along with the interests of disciplines and institutions. Asymmetries of authority are accompanied by overarching framing by the broker. Public folklore cultural brokerage should be directed towards enabling communities and groups to represent their cultures on their own terms, which requires sharing and yielding authority, as well as recognition of the power dynamics within these relationships. Understanding how brokerage operates can foster greater reflexivity and more informed praxis regarding the authority, interests, impact, and appropriate roles of the public folklorist.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"104 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46090058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Of Milk and Men: Normative Masculinity in Scandinavian Milk-Witch Legends 牛奶与男人:斯堪的纳维亚牛奶女巫传说中的规范男子气概
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-10 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.01
Amber R. Cederström
{"title":"Of Milk and Men: Normative Masculinity in Scandinavian Milk-Witch Legends","authors":"Amber R. Cederström","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Legends of the milk-stealing witch can be found throughout northern Europe, including the countries of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. This article argues that Scandinavian narratives about this nearly always female character speak to normative male behavior as well as to normative female behavior. While the milk-witch can be understood as an inversion of the ideal Lutheran housewife, I demonstrate that milk-witch legends often focus not on the witch but on her opponents, who are typically male. The witch is usually defeated by these male protagonists, who illustrate idealized male behavior, duties, and abilities. Milk-witch legends can therefore be understood as one part of a folkloric discourse establishing and maintaining a binary gender system in Scandinavia.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"1 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44011772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Click “Here” to Post a Comment: Legend Discussion and Transformation in Online Forums 点击“这里”发表评论:在线论坛中的图例讨论与改造
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-10 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.02
Jeffrey S. Debies-Carl
{"title":"Click “Here” to Post a Comment: Legend Discussion and Transformation in Online Forums","authors":"Jeffrey S. Debies-Carl","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The internet has become the predominant source of dissemination for dubious legends, ranging from medical misinformation to conspiracy theories and supernatural encounters. Building on previous work in this area, I examine contemporary legends as they are told and discussed in online forums. Drawing on Nancy Baym’s outline of the characteristics of the internet that distinguish it from other forms of communication, I analyze how the internet’s interactivity, temporal structure, social cues, storage, replicability, reach, and mobility affect the form and function of the legend process. I find that the internet subverts some of the traditional characteristics of the legend-telling process, but paradoxically, other characteristics of the internet actually reinforce or valorize traditional elements, while surprisingly, sometimes the internet has no effect at all even in areas where we might expect the most dramatic effects. These findings provide significant insights into the role the internet plays in today’s world where bizarre claims increasingly characterize everyday social and political life. They shed light on how the internet provides a window into our concerns while simultaneously exacerbating them.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"31 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48478852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Public Folklore? German Fastnacht and Knowledge Production between Application, Participation, and Intervention 公共民俗？德国禁食与应用、参与和干预之间的知识生产
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-10 DOI: 10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.04
Karin Bürkert
{"title":"Public Folklore? German Fastnacht and Knowledge Production between Application, Participation, and Intervention","authors":"Karin Bürkert","doi":"10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jfolkrese.58.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article reflects on different research modes and ways of knowledge production in the field of Volkskunde/Empirische Kulturwissenschaft (folklore studies/cultural and historical anthropology). Based on contemporary scholarly discussions and a historical case study, this article describes different understandings and practices of ethnographic research with and for the public. Using the example of a research group on carnival, the work presented here highlights a shift in the scholarly habitus in the late 1960s from conducting community-commissioned research to changing the community’s point of view through action research. The results of this analysis links to contemporary sociopolitical demands for collaborative research, Third Mission projects, and Service Learning.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"105 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46255506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Cultural Appropriation 论文化挪用
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.04
J. B. Jackson
{"title":"On Cultural Appropriation","authors":"J. B. Jackson","doi":"10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article starts from the premise that cultural appropriation is a key concern for folklorists and ethnologists, as well as for many of the communities with which they engage and partner, but that it is also one that has received relatively little attention of a general conceptual sort. This is true despite the ubiquity of cultural appropriation discussions in popular media, public culture, and informal scholarly conversation. Drawing on the work of these fields, an ideal-type conceptualization of cultural appropriation is offered, one that situates it as one among a range of modes of cultural change. For cultural appropriation, the key neighboring modes are diffusion, acculturation, and assimilation. The article also briefly addresses cultural appropriation as it is often situated vis-à-vis conceptions of, and processes related to, cultural property and cultural heritage. This heuristic emphasizes the metacultural discourse that marks instances of cultural appropriation as well as the inequality often characterizing the parties to such episodes.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"122 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46759026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Horsing around Again: Poetics and Intention in Oral Narrative Performance 再胡闹:口头叙事表演中的诗学与意图
IF 0.4 3区 社会学
JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.02
Katherine Borland
{"title":"Horsing around Again: Poetics and Intention in Oral Narrative Performance","authors":"Katherine Borland","doi":"10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JFOLKRESE.58.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this article I compare two accounts by the same narrator of the same event separated by forty-two years, one enclosed in a personal letter and the other an unrehearsed, voiced text. Comparison offers the opportunity to examine transformations in story form from one medium to another. These transformations demonstrate the importance of thematic and emotional as well as linguistic parallelism in oral narrative performance, and they complicate our understanding of personal narrative as distinct from traditional storytelling forms. My own reinterpretation of the emotional core of the story calls attention to the shifting subject positions of narrators who conjure an earlier self in their storytelling.","PeriodicalId":44620,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH","volume":"58 1","pages":"46 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48615996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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