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2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition最新文献

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Optical Links and RF Distribution for Antenna Arrays 天线阵列的光链路和射频分布
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275462
Shouhua Huang, M. Calhoun, R. Tjoelker
{"title":"Optical Links and RF Distribution for Antenna Arrays","authors":"Shouhua Huang, M. Calhoun, R. Tjoelker","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275462","url":null,"abstract":"An array of three antennas has recently been developed at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory capable of detecting signals at X and Ka band. The array requires a common frequency reference and high precision phase alignment to correlate received signals. Frequency and timing references are presently provided from a remotely located hydrogen maser and clock through a combination of commercially and custom developed optical links. The selected laser, photo-detector, and fiber components have been tested under anticipated thermal and simulated antenna rotation conditions. The resulting stability limitations due to thermal perturbations or induced stress on the optical fiber have been characterized. Distribution of the X-band local oscillator includes a loop back and precision phase monitor to enable correlation of signals received from each antenna","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129380084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
A New OEO Design Using Optical Phase Modulation and Modulation Suppression 一种基于光相位调制和调制抑制的新型OEO设计
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275438
J. Dick, N. Yu
{"title":"A New OEO Design Using Optical Phase Modulation and Modulation Suppression","authors":"J. Dick, N. Yu","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275438","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design for a phase-modulated opto electronic oscillator (OEO) that incorporates asymmetric Mach-Zehnder (AMZ) interferometers as phase demodulators together with PM modulation suppression. The new design promises to obtain in the electro-optical domain the low-noise advantages previously achieved in RF and microwave oscillators by the use of carrier suppression but which have been achieved only to a limited extent in OEO's","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"132 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133684979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A Colpitts-Type Crystal Oscillator for Gigahertz Frequency 用于千兆赫频率的科尔皮茨型晶体振荡器
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275386
N. Nomura, Y. Aoyagi, Chao-Kai Chang, K. Asano, Y. Sekine
{"title":"A Colpitts-Type Crystal Oscillator for Gigahertz Frequency","authors":"N. Nomura, Y. Aoyagi, Chao-Kai Chang, K. Asano, Y. Sekine","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275386","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research shows that stable frequency is required to improve efficiency in the high frequency range. A high frequency oscillator has been required for the development of radio communications, measurement equipment, etc. Generally, the crystal oscillator is excellent in short-term frequency stability, and is being applied to telecommunication equipment, information technology, etc. On the other hand, the quartz resonator, which was developed for high frequency range, is aimed at being used in systems for the next generation. The quartz resonator with the high frequency range requires a steady oscillator to oscillate in high frequency range. Therefore, it is very difficult to use a Colpitts-type crystal oscillator in the high frequency range. It requires more negative resistance on the crystal oscillator circuit. In this paper, we suggest a method to decrease Miller capacitance of the transistor used for the conventional Colpitts-type crystal oscillator. Next, we show a new Colpitts-type crystal oscillator, which can obtain a negative resistance value in a gigahertz frequency band. Analyzing the equivalent circuit clarifies the effects of the proposed circuit compared to the conventional Colpitts-type crystal oscillator","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115152454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Tutorial Session 1B - Introduction to Quartz Frequency Standards 教程1B -石英频率标准介绍
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275330
J. Vig
{"title":"Tutorial Session 1B - Introduction to Quartz Frequency Standards","authors":"J. Vig","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275330","url":null,"abstract":"This tutorial reviews the subject of digital measurements of clocks and oscillators. It focuses primarily on the precision measurement of phase and the use of these measurements in estimating phase and frequency and common statistics such as the Allan deviation and the spectral density of phase. The subject matter includes direct counting, interpolating counters, dividers, heterodyne conversion, and dual-mixer systems. Biases in the measurements caused by aliasing and measurement quantization are evaluated. Analog techniques, which are used primarily to evaluate phase noise, are covered in a related tutorial.","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"88 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120818852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Fabrication of periodically poled domains transducers on LiNbO3 在LiNbO3上制备周期性极化畴换能器
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275497
E. Courjon, N. Bodin, G. Lengaigne, L. Gauthier-Manuel, W. Daniau, S. Ballandras, P. Paruch, J. Triscone, J. Hauden
{"title":"Fabrication of periodically poled domains transducers on LiNbO3","authors":"E. Courjon, N. Bodin, G. Lengaigne, L. Gauthier-Manuel, W. Daniau, S. Ballandras, P. Paruch, J. Triscone, J. Hauden","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275497","url":null,"abstract":"The development of piezoelectric transducers based on periodically poled ferroelectrics domains is investigated. Optical quality Z-cut LiNbO3 wafers have been used for the fabrication of test devices operating in the range 7-70 MHz. The fabrication process is detailed and characterization results are reported. A very good agreement between theoretical predictions achieved by periodic finite element analysis and experiments is observed, allowing for a precise identification of the excited modes","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126091102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Absolute Optical Frequency Measurements with a Fractional Frequency Uncertainty at 1 × 10-15 分数频率不确定度为1 × 10-15的绝对光学频率测量
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275430
J. Stalnaker, S. Diddams, K. Kim, L. Hollberg, E. Donley, T. Heavner, S. Jefferts, F. Levi, T. Parker, J. Bergquist, W. Itano, M. Jensen, L. Lorini, W. Oskay, T. Fortier
{"title":"Absolute Optical Frequency Measurements with a Fractional Frequency Uncertainty at 1 × 10-15","authors":"J. Stalnaker, S. Diddams, K. Kim, L. Hollberg, E. Donley, T. Heavner, S. Jefferts, F. Levi, T. Parker, J. Bergquist, W. Itano, M. Jensen, L. Lorini, W. Oskay, T. Fortier","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275430","url":null,"abstract":"We report the technical details specific to our recent measurements of the optical frequency of the mercury single-ion frequency standard in terms of the SI second as realized by the NIST-F1 cesium fountain clock. In these measurements the total fractional uncertainty is ap 10-15, limited by the statistical measurement uncertainty. In this paper we will address the techniques employed for the optical-to-microwave comparison itself, which had an estimated fractional uncertainty of ap 3 times 10-16, limited by the stability of the electronics used for the comparison","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123714079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-voltage, Crystal Controlled Comb Spectrum Oscillator for Injection Locked STW Based Clocks with Improved Stability 低电压，晶体控制梳状频谱振荡器注入锁定STW基于时钟提高稳定性
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275417
I. Avramov
{"title":"Low-voltage, Crystal Controlled Comb Spectrum Oscillator for Injection Locked STW Based Clocks with Improved Stability","authors":"I. Avramov","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275417","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the design and performance of a 100 MHz crystal controlled comb spectrum oscillator (CCCSO) which operates on 1.25V supply voltage according to the \"step-up\" converter principle and generates strong harmonics in the lower GHz range. The CCCSO is intended for improving the frequency stability and close-in phase noise of surface acoustic wave (SAW) and surface transverse wave (STW) oscillators by using an injection locking technique, thus making them as stable as a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) crystal oscillator. With -6 dBm of power at its 10-th harmonic, the CCCSO provides safe lock over a (-40 to +85) deg. C temperature range in a low-voltage 1 GHz STW oscillator with a loop power of 14 dBm, also operating according to the \"step-up\" converter principle. After injection locking, the short-term stability of the STW oscillator and its thermal stability improve by an order of magnitude as a result of BAW crystal stabilization in the CCCSO. The entire injection locked system is operated on 1.25V supply voltage, consumes 90 mA of DC current, generates 4 dBm of output power at 1 GHz and is expected to provide a thermal noise floor of -170 dBc/Hz","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114412573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Lamp Stabilization Using Ion Waves: Smart-Clock Technology to Eliminate Light-Shift Variations 使用离子波稳定灯:消除光移变化的智能时钟技术
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275475
J. Camparo
{"title":"Lamp Stabilization Using Ion Waves: Smart-Clock Technology to Eliminate Light-Shift Variations","authors":"J. Camparo","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275475","url":null,"abstract":"Stabilization of the radiowave power driving an RF-discharge lamp has important implications for the long-term stability of atomic clocks. Here, the authors demonstrate a technique in which the lamp's plasma acts as a probe of radiowave power, and provides a correction signal for active rf-power control. The technique takes advantage of the resonant nature of forced ion waves in the plasma and their observation in the lamp's optical emission. Following a discussion of lamp stabilization using ion waves, we consider the question of how the induced oscillations might affect clock performance via the light shift. We argue that the amplitude of the oscillations is small enough so that they would at most lead to frequency instability at the 10-15 level","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124110788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tutorial Session 4B - Optical Frequency Measurement & Synthesis 教程4B -光学频率测量与合成
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275333
Jun Ye
{"title":"Tutorial Session 4B - Optical Frequency Measurement & Synthesis","authors":"Jun Ye","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"2003 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125768427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low temperature mechanical properties of nanocrystalline diamond films 纳米晶金刚石薄膜的低温力学性能
2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition Pub Date : 2006-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2006.275376
T. Metcalf, B. Houston, J. E. Butler, T. Feygelson
{"title":"Low temperature mechanical properties of nanocrystalline diamond films","authors":"T. Metcalf, B. Houston, J. E. Butler, T. Feygelson","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2006.275376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2006.275376","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of the mechanical properties - internal friction and shear modulus - of several nanocrystalline diamond films grown on silicon resonator substrates is reported. The internal friction measurements of 0.5 mum boron-doped and boron-free nanocrystalline diamond films show that the boron concentration does not appear to be correlated with the previously reported internal friction peak at 1-2 K. Rather, a heavily boron-doped film appears to have an internal friction peak at 10 K. The low-temperature internal friction of these films is consistent with that of films reported upon earlier, and is in the range 2 times 10-6 les Q-1 les 6 times 10-6","PeriodicalId":445945,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133971013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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