Melanoma Management最新文献

{"title":"Increase of sentinel lymph node melanoma staging in The Netherlands: still room and need for further improvement.","authors":"Harmanjit Singh, Anjelli Wignakumar, Georgina J Williams, Shima Jamshidi, Daniel P Butler, Simon H Wood, Navid Jallali, Jonathan A Dunne","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Harmanjit Singh‡ ,1, Anjelli Wignakumar‡ ,1, Georgina J Williams2, Shima Jamshidi3, Daniel P Butler2, Simon H Wood2, Navid Jallali2 & Jonathan A Dunne*,2 1Imperial College School of Medicine, Kensington, London SW7 2DD, UK 2Department of Plastic Surgery, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Rd, Hammersmith, London W6 8RF, UK 3Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond St, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG, UK *Author for correspondence: jonathan.dunne1@nhs.net ‡Joint first authors","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"8 1","pages":"MMT52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/29/mmt-08-52.PMC7849948.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25343684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter in reply: increase of sentinel lymph node melanoma staging in The Netherlands; still room and need for further improvement.","authors":"Eric A Deckers, Marieke Wj Louwman, Schelto Kruijff, Harald J Hoekstra","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0021","DOIUrl":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"8 1","pages":"MMT53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/36/58/mmt-08-53.PMC7849923.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25343685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of primary gastric melanoma: a systematic review.","authors":"Gregory S Mellotte, Diya Sabu, Mary O'Reilly, Ray McDermott, Anthony O'Connor, Barbara M Ryan","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Primary gastric melanoma is a rare clinical presentation. The purpose of this review was to compare the 1-year survival in patients who underwent surgery with patients who did not receive treatment.</p><p><strong>Patients & methods: </strong>A systematic search of databases for case reports and case series of primary gastric melanoma was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean survival of patients was 22 months. One-year survival was 56.5% with surgery, rising to 66% with adjuvant therapy. Mean survival of the surgical group was 21.05 months (±20.2) versus 4.5 months (±3.61) in the nonsurgical group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary gastric melanoma has a poor prognosis but early surgical intervention can have a significant impact on patient outcome. We reviewed the biology and clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal melanoma and the current management options available.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 4","pages":"MMT51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/2a/mmt-07-51.PMC7724652.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38709863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of intratumoral lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and M0 macrophage enrichment in tumor immune microenvironment of melanoma.","authors":"Neil K Jairath, Mark W Farha, Ruple Jairath, Paul W Harms, Lam C Tsoi, Trilokraj Tejasvi","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin cutaneous melanoma is characterized by significant heterogeneity in its molecular, genomic and immunologic features. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas of skin cutaneous melanoma (n = 328) was utilized. CIBERSORT was used to identify immune cell type composition, on which unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed. Analysis of overall survival was performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Membership in the lymphocyte:monocyte^low, monocyte^hi ^gh and M0^high cluster was an independently poor prognostic factor for survival (HR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.12-8.20; p = 0.029) and correlated with decreased predicted response to immune checkpoint blockade. In conclusion, an M0-macrophage-enriched, lymphocyte-to-monocyte-ratio-low phenotype in the primary melanoma tumor site independently characterizes an aggressive phenotype that may differentially respond to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 4","pages":"MMT51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/5f/mmt-07-51.PMC7727784.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38710349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio a useful prognostic indicator in melanoma patients?","authors":"Joshua T Cohen, Thomas J Miner, Michael P Vezeridis","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is gaining traction as a biomarker with utility in a variety of malignancies including melanoma. Intact lymphocyte function is necessary for tumor surveillance and destruction, and neutrophils play a role in suppressing lymphocyte proliferation and in the induction of lymphocyte apoptosis. Early research in melanoma indicates that in high-risk localized melanoma, a high NLR is correlated with worse overall and disease-free survival. Similarly, in metastatic melanoma treated with both metastasectomy and immunotherapies, an elevated NLR is predictive of shortened overall survival and progression-free survival. Future studies incorporating NLR into more traditional melanoma prognostic markers while employing more granular outcomes, are needed to realize the full potential of NLR.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 3","pages":"MMT47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/53/mmt-07-47.PMC7475797.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38374924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic medicine: the management of advanced melanoma during COVID-19.","authors":"James R Patrinely,&nbsp;Douglas B Johnson","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the COVID-19 pandemic cancer patients present a unique challenge, as they are often immunosuppressed or subject to treatment-related toxicities that may cause severe disease manifestations. The practical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of advanced melanoma warrants further consideration. Restrictions on the US healthcare system to mitigate COVID-19 transmission have significantly altered melanoma management practices from the initial diagnosis of primary cutaneous disease to systemic treatment for advanced and metastatic presentations. We herein report our experience and recommendations for this patient population, highlighting the importance patient-centered planning based on tumor characteristics, resource availability and the local state of COVID-19 control.","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 3","pages":"MMT45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/mmt-2020-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38374922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylated circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker in cutaneous melanoma.","authors":"Russell J Diefenbach,&nbsp;Jenny H Lee,&nbsp;Helen Rizos","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The detection and monitoring of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in melanoma using mutation-detection techniques such as droplet digital PCR and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels has been well documented (reviewed in [1]). In melanoma, baseline ctDNA assessment predicts overall survival of stage III patients and longitudinal assessment predicts response and survival of stage IV patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies [2–4]. ctDNA can also be used to monitor the appearance of treatment-resistant melanoma subclones [2], tumor heterogeneity [5], metabolic tumor burden [6] and differentiates true progression from pseudoprogression in melanoma patients treated with immunotherapy [7]. ctDNA can be detected in approximately 34% of stage III melanoma and 73% of stage IV melanoma [2,4]. Several customized melanoma-associated NGS mutation panels for ctDNA have been described [8,9], and these panels are designed to detect greater than 80% of melanomas with mutant allele frequency detection limits of only 0.1%. These sequencing panels have several limitations, however. They often yield lower coverage of guaninecytosine (GC)-rich DNA regions, and these regions can be extremely informative cancer markers. For instance, the TERT gene has a GC-rich promoter that is mutated in approximately 70% of melanomas [8]. The complete sequencing of large genes (such as the NF1 gene at &gt;8 kb) is also difficult as the increased gene coverage comes at the expense of overall mutation detection sensitivity. Moreover, the significance of many, low-frequency mutations can be unclear and alterations in some genes, including the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, may not reflect tumor biology, but rather clonal hematopoiesis, a common age-associated phenomenon involving the expansion of nucleated blood cells with somatic mutations [10]. An alternative liquid biopsy approach for monitoring cancer, without prior knowledge of somatic mutation profiles, involves the detection of epigenetic DNA changes, such as methylation. Methylation of cytosine residues within CpG islands is important for the regulation of gene expression and is altered during the development and progression of many cancers, including melanoma. Importantly, aberrant methylation of CpG-rich gene promoters can be a very consistent feature of cancer [11] and thus, the analysis of methylated DNA in liquid biopsies is a rapidly emerging area of interest [12]. Patterns of DNA methylation can change during melanoma progression and the analysis of DNA methylation can provide valuable information related to the phenotypic behavior and stage of melanoma [13]. The analysis of ctDNA methylation is challenging due to the low amounts and highly fragmented nature of ctDNA. Typically, most methylation analysis workflows incorporate an initial bisulfite conversion step which preserves methylated cytosines prior to downstream sequencing. With limited amounts of ctDNA, it is imperative that the ef","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 3","pages":"MMT46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/mmt-2020-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38374923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanoma in pregnancy: certainties unborn.","authors":"Enrico Zelin, Claudio Conforti, Roberta Giuffrida, Teresa Deinlein, Nicola di Meo, Iris Zalaudek","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma diagnosed during childbearing period or up to 1 year after delivery is defined as pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM). There is some evidence that PAM has worse prognosis if compared with melanoma in nonpregnant women, although literature is still inconclusive. Many biological mechanisms could explain this behavior, such as hormonal and immune status, increased lymphangiogenesis but also delay in diagnostic and therapeutic management. If PAM is suspected, a prompt excisional biopsy under local anesthesia can be performed regardless of the gestational period. Conversely, additional staging procedures (such as sentinel lymph node biopsy or imaging) and systemic therapy are still debatable during pregnancy. A multidisciplinary tailored approach should be preferred, together with exhaustive counseling of the mother.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 3","pages":"MMT48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/92/4f/mmt-07-48.PMC7475795.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38374925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An update on GM-CSF and its potential role in melanoma management.","authors":"Robert O Dillman","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GM-CSF drives the differentiation of granulocytes and monocyte/macrophages from hematopoietic stem cell progenitors. It is required for differentiating monocytes into dendritic cells (DC). Although approved for recovery of granulocytes/monocytes in patients receiving chemotherapy, G-CSF is preferred. Enthusiasm for GM-CSF monotherapy as a melanoma treatment was dampened by two large randomized trials. Although GM-CSF has been injected into tumors for many years, the efficacy of this has not been tested. There is a strong rationale for GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant, but it appears of benefit only for strategies that directly involve DCs, such as intratumor talimogene laherparepvec and vaccines in which DCs are loaded with antigen <i>ex vivo</i> and injected admixed with GM-CSF.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 3","pages":"MMT49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/mmt-2020-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38374926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopically assisted ilio-inguinal lymph node dissection versus inguinal lymph node dissection in melanoma.","authors":"Enrique Boldo,&nbsp;Araceli Mayol,&nbsp;Rafael Lozoya,&nbsp;Alba Coret,&nbsp;Diana Escribano,&nbsp;Carlos Fortea,&nbsp;Andres Muñoz,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Pastor,&nbsp;Guillermo Perez De Lucia","doi":"10.2217/mmt-2019-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2019-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Morbidity of open inguinal lymphadenectomy (OIL) is high. We use laparoscopy for pelvic time, preservation of the greater saphenous vein and transverse inguinal incisions (laparoscopically assisted ilio-inguinal lymphadenectomy, LIIL) to improve postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Patients & methods: </strong>Retrospective comparison of 14 patients who underwent LIIL and seven patients who underwent OIL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen LIIL compared with seven OIL showed a statistically significant reduction in morbidity (15.3 vs 75%) and hospital stay (7 vs 15.7 days). Pelvic lymph node involvement (27%) was not detected preoperatively. With a mean follow-up of 36.2 (range: 3-137) months, local recurrence rate was 58.3% in LIIL and 40% in OIL. Overall survival was significantly higher in OIL than in LIIL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with OIL, LIIL reduced postoperative complications and hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":44562,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Management","volume":"7 2","pages":"MMT42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/mmt-2019-0023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38294802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}