C. Pfaff, Anthi Balitsari, John K. Papadopoulos, B. Molloy, Victoria Sabetai, Christina Avronidaki
{"title":"Late Antique Symbols and Numerals on Altars in the Asklepieion at Epidauros","authors":"C. Pfaff, Anthi Balitsari, John K. Papadopoulos, B. Molloy, Victoria Sabetai, Christina Avronidaki","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.87.2.0387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.87.2.0387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Asklepieion at Epidauros has yielded numerous altars inscribed with symbols and alphabetic numerals in the 4th century A.D., but relatively little attention has been paid to these Late Antique markings in recent scholarship. This article reviews what is known about the symbols and numerals and explores how they may have been used. Since no similar usage of symbols and numerals is attested on altars elsewhere, it is suggested here that the marks on the Epidaurian altars responded to the specific liturgical requirements of the Asklepieion, which demanded the regular servicing of an unusually large number of altars.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86911927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydraulic Euergetism: American Archaeology and Waterworks in Early-20th-Century Greece","authors":"B. Robinson","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.82.1.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.82.1.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1929–1930, commercial waterworks inspired antiquarian ventures in Attica and Macedonia. An American firm faced the Marathon Dam in Pentelic marble and built a copy of the Athenian Treasury of Delphi at its foot, while fragments of a colossal ancient lion found while dredging the Strymon River near Amphipolis were reconstructed with support from the U.S. minister to Greece, Lincoln MacVeagh. At Corinth, archaeology drove hydraulic interventions. There, in 1932, Bert Hodge Hill undertook a comprehensive sanitation program with the Athens School of Hygiene, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. This work remains an important case study in rural groundwater management, and it was an investment in the future of Ancient Corinth.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85734715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Six's Technique in Boiotia: Regional Experiments in Technique and Iconography","authors":"Victoria Sabetai, Christina Avronidaki","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.87.2.0311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.87.2.0311","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Despite progress in the study of Boiotian black- and red-figure vase painting, research on special techniques of vase decoration for this region is lacking. This article attempts to examine a facet of Boiotian decorated pottery in which colors were added over the black glaze, a practice known as Six's technique. Our synthesis focuses on material that long languished unstudied, and we aim to understand the manifestations of this technique over time by examining the issues of influences, development, variations, and affiliations with other regional overpainted ceramics. Iconography, including generic images of youths and animals, as well as rare Dionysiac scenes and parodies, is discussed in relation to the local social customs of the region.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85896112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The “Oracle of the Dead” at Ancient Tainaron: Reconsidering the Literary and Archaeological Evidence","authors":"C. Gardner","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.90.2.0339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.90.2.0339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The site of ancient Tainaron has long been associated with the entrance to the underworld and the consultation of souls at an “oracle of the dead.” While Tainaron's role as a passageway to Hades is well represented in ancient literature, its function as an oracle of the dead is only ever alluded to by Plutarch (Moralia 560e). This article shows that a misreading of ancient sources has led to this erroneous attribution of Tainaron as a place where souls were consulted in antiquity. Through an examination of the literary and archaeological evidence, this article argues that there is no evidence for any structure or practice related to necromancy at the site of Tainaron.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86428375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Afterlife of the Hephaisteion: The Interpretatio Christiana of an Ancient Athenian Monument","authors":"J. P. Sturm","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.85.4.0795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.85.4.0795","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines the afterlife of the Hephaisteion in Athens and explores the reasons for its comparatively “gentle” transformation from pagan temple to Christian basilica during the 5th century A.D. The author proposes an Interpretatio Christiana for the ancient iconography of the sculpted metopes and friezes. This Christian reading is supported by historical factors such as the Athenian civic pride that was felt at the time and economic developments that are related to the increase in building construction in the Agora. It appears that these factors were responsible for the moderate adaptation of the Hephaisteion at a time when temples in the eastern Roman Empire were more often destroyed and replaced rather than reused and preserved.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81236828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE FUNERARY MONUMENT FOR THE ARGIVES WHO FELL AT TANAGRA (IG I3 1149): A New Fragment","authors":"N. Papazarkadas, D. Sourlas","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.81.4.0585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.81.4.0585","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:ABSTRACTThis article is the editio princeps of a new fragment of the well-known Athenian funerary monument for the Argive casualties of the battle of Tanagra in 458 or 457 b.c. (IG I3 1149). The authors discuss onomastic and linguistic questions raised by the text, and propose a new reconstruction of the monument as a whole. They also offer a fresh historical interpretation of the monument within the ideological context of the First Peloponnesian War and the Athenian alliance with Argos, as reflected in the Eumenides of Aeschylus, which was produced shortly before the battle.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81314514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mt. Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project, Part 1: The Upper Sanctuary","authors":"D. Romano, Mary E. Voyatzis","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.83.4.0569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.83.4.0569","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This is the first report on the excavation and survey project at the Peloponnesian Sanctuary of Zeus on Mt. Lykaion, Arcadia. During 2004 and 2005, topographical, architectural, geological, geophysical, and historical surveys were conducted. From 2006 to 2010, survey work continued, along with the excavation of the upper and lower levels of the sanctuary. This report focuses on the altar and temenos areas in the upper level of the site. Excavation of the ash altar revealed evidence of a Mycenaean mountaintop shrine, and yielded the largest assemblage of Mycenaean ceramics yet known from Arcadia. There are also signs of activity at the altar from the Final Neolithic, Early Helladic, and Middle Helladic periods. The votives and burned animal bones suggest continuity of cult from the Late Helladic through to the Late Classical period.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84259784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sokrates among the Shoemakers","authors":"R. Sobak","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.84.4.0669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.84.4.0669","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Socratic interest in the technai (τέχναι), “crafts, trade,” and their practitioners was a reaction both to the political realities of the Athenian democracy and to the challenges that a polis run by nonexperts faced in recognizing problems, forming solutions, and making decisions. The economic activities of nonelite Athenian citizens and noncitizens alike, however, helped overcome these challenges by creating a robust and epistemically diverse network of political participants. This study of day-to-day economic and social interaction on the streets of Classical Athens shows that democratic politikē technē was not a discrete and bounded individual endeavor, but rather a collective, emergent intelligence refined through usage in and outside of the institutions of the state.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88274994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The South Stoa at Corinth: New Evidence and Interpretations","authors":"Sarah A. James","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.88.1.0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.88.1.0155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The first modern systematic excavations in the South Stoa at Corinth in 2015 revealed much about the history of this area of the later Forum and about the stoa itself prior to the installation of the Eutychia mosaic in room C (the so-called Agonotheteion) around A.D. 150. Neolithic pottery, an Early Protogeometric grave, an Archaic votive pit, and a possible industrial installation cut into the bedrock give insights into the landscape before the construction of the stoa. Construction trenches and a foundation deposit provide a date in the 280s B.C. for the first building activities at the stoa's east end. Roman-era finds shed light on the history of room C from the later 1st to the 5th century A.D.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86596064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE ANCIENT CIRCUIT WALL OF ATHENS: Its Changing Course and the Phases of Construction","authors":"A. Theocharaki","doi":"10.2972/HESP.80.1.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESP.80.1.0071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper presents a survey of the physical remains of the ancient Athenian circuit wall, which are plotted here on a new map aligned with the city’s modern urban structure. Technical details of the methods and materials of construction are reviewed in order to distinguish the characteristics of the surviving stretches of walls and to assess the chronological value of these details. The author proposes likely locations for sections of the circuit wall not yet identified. Drawing on the results of the survey and on literary and epigraphical evidence, the author identifies four courses and 15 construction phases of the city wall of Athens between the early 5th century b.c. and the mid-6th century a.d.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}