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The Future of Arctic Marine Navigation in Mid-Century - Scenario Narratives 世纪中叶北极海上航行的未来——情景叙述
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-160
L. Brigham, Erik Smith
{"title":"The Future of Arctic Marine Navigation in Mid-Century - Scenario Narratives","authors":"L. Brigham, Erik Smith","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-160","url":null,"abstract":"This document serves as the final Scenario Narratives Report for the Future of Arctic Marine Navigation in Mid-Century, a project of the Arctic Council’s Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME) working group and Global Business Network (GBN), a member of the Monitor Group. The purpose of this project, and these scenarios, is to systematically consider the long-term social, technological, economic, environmental, and political impacts on Arctic Marine Navigation of Key Finding #6 of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) published by the Arctic Council and the International Arctic Science Committee in November 2004. These scenarios are meant to summarize and communicate a set of plausible and different stories of the future in which critical uncertainties play out in ways that challenge planning decisions being made in the present. For this scenarios project on the Future of Arctic Marine Navigation, we convened two workshops to gather the perspectives and ideas of a highly diverse group of stakeholders. The first workshop was held at the GBN office in San Francisco in April 2007, and the second at the offices of Aker Arctic Technology in Helsinki in July 2007. Because this project rests on Key Finding #6, all of the scenarios assume continued global climate change that results in significantly less Arctic ice cover, at least in the summer, throughout the 2030s and 2040s. It is our intention that these scenarios will provide material for deeper discussions about the future and earlier decisions by the countries, peoples, and industries active in the Arctic region.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117348905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Transport Canada EER Research and Development Program 加拿大运输部EER研究与发展计划
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-119
F. Bercha, E. Radloff, F. Leafloor
{"title":"Transport Canada EER Research and Development Program","authors":"F. Bercha, E. Radloff, F. Leafloor","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-119","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a multiyear offshore installation Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue (EER) research and development program carried out from 2000 to 2007. The general objective of the work was to develop performance-based design standards and guidelines for optimal EER systems for installations in Canadian waters. Phase 1 involved developing a risk and performance evaluation tool, reviewing existing regulations, implementing recent Ocean Ranger recommendations, and conducting various applied research programs including those on human performance in EER. Phase 2 work focused on developing preliminary performance-based standards that can be used by offshore regulators for the selection of evacuation systems. Phase 3 involved further refinement of the standards based on model and full-scale testing and computer simulation. While standards ultimately developed as a result of this research are intended to be applied nationally in Canada, they may also be proposed as international standards.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114344067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Design of an Ice Strengthened Lifeboat 冰加固救生艇的设计
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-168
R. Browne, Evan G. Gatehouse, Alan Reynolds
{"title":"Design of an Ice Strengthened Lifeboat","authors":"R. Browne, Evan G. Gatehouse, Alan Reynolds","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-168","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a practical design of an ice capable TEMPSC that has been developed to the prototype design stage. Designated the Ice- Strengthened Lifeboat (ISL), it is designed to mitigate the risk of damage or loss, due to crushing by ice, during evacuation from offshore installations or vessels in ice covered waters. The ISL design combines novel hull shape features that helps escape from converging, high freeboard ice floes, with an ice-strengthened composite shell that resists the ice loads. No existing TEMPSC has solutions addressing these issues.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development of a Novel Concept for Evacuation in Dynamic Ice Conditions 动态冰条件下疏散新概念的发展
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-173
T. Cole, Adam Warrillow, K. Drover
{"title":"Development of a Novel Concept for Evacuation in Dynamic Ice Conditions","authors":"T. Cole, Adam Warrillow, K. Drover","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-173","url":null,"abstract":"With robust oil prices and a belief in the Arctic’s potential, the oil and gas industry is, once again, taking interest in the extreme northern regions. While offshore platform evacuation vehicles have been improved for open water conditions, the development of evacuation systems for ice-infested waters has lagged. This study investigated the operational requirements for evacuation vehicles in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Following the generation of novel concepts through a series of brainstorming sessions, a three-tier vessel performance evaluation was created to rank and compare the performance of existing and novel concepts during a platform evacuation scenario. One of the novel concepts generated through this exercise is outlined in further detail.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134245447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Offshore Pipelines in Cold Regions - Environmental Loadings and Geotechnical Considerations 寒冷地区的海上管道。环境负荷和岩土工程考虑
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-176
M. Paulin, S. Kenny, A. Palmer, K. Been, Jonathan Caines
{"title":"Offshore Pipelines in Cold Regions - Environmental Loadings and Geotechnical Considerations","authors":"M. Paulin, S. Kenny, A. Palmer, K. Been, Jonathan Caines","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-176","url":null,"abstract":"With the oil industry’s continued quest for oil and gas in frontier offshore locations, several developments have taken place in regions characterized by seasonal ice cover including the US Beaufort, North Caspian, and Sakhalin Island. In these projects, pipeline transportation systems have been used, which are a cost-effective, safe and reliable mode of hydrocarbon transport to shore. One of the key design issues is ice gouging that affects engineering considerations with respect to strain based design, target burial depth requirements, cost and safety.\u0000 It is generally accepted that offshore pipelines in ice environments will need to be trenched and backfilled for protection. Burial depths can be greater than those that might normally be required for pipelines in temperate climates. Burial depth requirements will be a function of the design ice gouge depth (to prevent interaction between the ice and pipe) and an acceptable level of subgouge deformation beneath a gouging ice keel (which strains the pipeline). There still exists uncertainty on the magnitude and extent of subgouge soil deformations due to ice gouging and the importance of sediment transport mechanisms for biasing gouge statistics.\u0000 Pushing the limits to developments further offshore in deeper Arctic waters (i.e. 15 to 50m water depth) will require that additional consideration be given to aspects related to pipeline design, in particular with respect to burial for protection against ice gouging.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126338838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Prediction of Oil Spill Occurrence Probabilities in the Alaskan Beaufort and Chukchi Seas OCS 阿拉斯加波弗特海和楚科奇海OCS溢油发生概率预测
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-118
F. Bercha, R. Prentki, C. Smith
{"title":"Prediction of Oil Spill Occurrence Probabilities in the Alaskan Beaufort and Chukchi Seas OCS","authors":"F. Bercha, R. Prentki, C. Smith","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-118","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic estimates of oil spill occurrences are used in the development of environment impact assessments for possible future developments in the US Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Due to the embryonic state of offshore oil development in this region, it was not possible to base these oil spill probability estimates on empirical data. Rather, statistically significant non-Arctic empirical data from the US Gulf of Mexico and world-wide sources, together with their variance, were used as a starting point. Next, both the historical non-Arctic frequency distributions and spill causal distributions were modified to reflect specific effects of the Arctic setting, and the resultant fault tree model was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation to adequately characterize uncertainties treated as probability distribution inputs to the fault tree. This paper summarizes the methodology and gives results of its application to the estimation of oil spill probabilities and their characteristics for the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas region for typical future offshore development scenarios.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116882324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
STOP (Stern Tube Oil Pollution) 停止(尾轴管油污)
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-157
C. D. Carter
{"title":"STOP (Stern Tube Oil Pollution)","authors":"C. D. Carter","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-157","url":null,"abstract":"Ships using Arctic trading routes have led to some concern of environmental threats to the Arctic ecosystems including ship source pollution. Zero tolerance for any kind of ship source pollution is now becoming the norm and international regulations are becoming more and more stringent. This paper presents an overview of the mechanism relating to stern tube oil pollution from ships and its impact on the seas. The paper also looks at a proven, available technology that eliminates stern tube oil pollution by focusing on the performance of seawater lubricated stern tube bearings based on ship owner experience and life cycle costs.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132817012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ice Scouring in a Large Flume: Test Set-Up and Preliminary Observations 大型水槽中的冰冲刷:试验装置和初步观察
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-133
P. Barrette, G. Timco
{"title":"Ice Scouring in a Large Flume: Test Set-Up and Preliminary Observations","authors":"P. Barrette, G. Timco","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-133","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an experimental set-up and the procedures used to investigate seafloor scouring by ice ridges in a 6 m long flume. Unlike in previous investigations, conducted in conventional test flumes or in a centrifuge, this set-up uses real ice. Its footprint is 1 m2. It also incorporates instrumentation to monitor stress distribution in the sediments during scouring, while acquiring deformation profiles of the sediment column. Other instruments include a displacement transducer to measure the vertical motion of the ice, a pore pressure transducer and a few cameras to study keel dynamics. The procedures and results of one fully instrumented test are presented.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128539474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance Trials of a Totally Enclosed Motor Propelled Survival Craft 全封闭机动救生艇的性能试验
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-114
Gareth Igloliorte, A. Kendrick, Robert Brown, J. Boone
{"title":"Performance Trials of a Totally Enclosed Motor Propelled Survival Craft","authors":"Gareth Igloliorte, A. Kendrick, Robert Brown, J. Boone","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-114","url":null,"abstract":"In the early spring of 2006, a research team, lead by BMT Fleet Technology, undertook a set of performance trials of a TEMPSC in ice covered water. The trials were performed in the bays of New World Island, Newfoundland and Labrador. The TEMPSC was operated in ice conditions of concentrations up to 9.5/10ths and in thicknesses up to 35cm.\u0000 The trials provided results indicating a TEMPSC can have a reasonable level of performance in ice covered water.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127140220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
ARKTOS Full-Scale Evacuation Tests ARKTOS全面疏散测试
Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008 Pub Date : 2008-07-20 DOI: 10.5957/icetech-2008-139
B.H.J.W. Seligman, F. Bercha, P. Hatfield
{"title":"ARKTOS Full-Scale Evacuation Tests","authors":"B.H.J.W. Seligman, F. Bercha, P. Hatfield","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2008-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-139","url":null,"abstract":"The Arktos vehicle is an amphibious craft system capable of operation in a wide range of Arctic ice conditions and seastates. It is approved as an evacuation system by various regulators, such as the US Coast Guard, and is currently operational in several marine cold regions as an EER system. As part of a reliability investigation of the ARKTOS EER capability, a series of non-Arctic calm condition fully-manned drills was carried out to focus on ergonomic factors. These drills were carried out at a temperate location in the Fraser River Delta, near Vancouver, B.C. A full complement of evacuees was observed and documented throughout a range of evacuation drills, including escape, boarding, securing, and transport to a location outside of a hypothetical hazard zone. Video, time, and expert observer records were made and analyzed subsequently. Two sets of drills were carried out; namely, full-scale evacuation drills and calm open water operation drills. Both sets of drills focused on the ergonomic interfaces of the subjects and the vehicle. This paper describes the observations, presents the statistical results from the data collected, and compares observed results with predicted results of a probabilistic EER simulation computer model. Conclusions and recommendations for reliability improvements are given.","PeriodicalId":445198,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 23, 2008","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126160736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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