Risk Factors in Asset Returns最新文献

{"title":"The Shadows of Reading: Reasons for the Bad Results of Bulgarians in PISA Studies","authors":"Milena Tsvetkova","doi":"10.13187/EJCED.2016.17.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/EJCED.2016.17.368","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this article are the factors and reasons for the bad results in reading of the Bulgarian 15-year-old students in PISA’s international studies. The reference points of the analysis are the critical results from the last four studies – 2000, 2006, 2009 and 2012. The aim of this analysis is to bring up for discussion unformulated topics and reading angles which have not been covered, which may explain the reason for the critical results in reading, including in the European Union as a whole. The goals of the report are to look for arguments and evidence in communication theory, in the conclusions of sociological studies and to summarize the factors which may lessen the ongoing preoccupation with “mass non-reading” or the “drop in reader’s literacy”. Eight reasons for the critical state of reading literacy have been drawn: 1) basic illiteracies which stem from the incorrect attitude towards reading as a cultural technology; 2) the stereotype “book = literature”; 3) the stereotype “book = paper”; 4) helplessness of sociological tools; 5) the manipulative side of reading; 6) the harmful side of reading; 7) reading mutations; 8) the erroneous statement “Young people do not read”. The scientists are presented with proposals to concentrate on two academic points: “Theory and practice of reading” classes on each educational level and focusing research efforts to improve readership culture of adults, including development of the so called “Acmeology of reading”.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123066938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Suicidality and Views on Suicide in an Indian Sample of Adults.","authors":"N. Kar","doi":"10.4103/0971-9962.173288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-9962.173288","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suicide is a major public health concern in India. There is limited information regarding views about suicide and suicidality in the community.Aims: It was intended to study the suicidal cognitions and behavior in a sample of adults in India along with views about suicide. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, anonymous survey conducted in four tertiary level medical centers. The subjects included patients and their attendants and health professionals in the organizations. The questionnaire included items on suicidal cognitions, suicide attempt history, current and past physical and mental illness, stress, views on suicide and the interventions along with information on the sociodemographic variables. Results: A considerable proportions of participants reported lifetime suicidal cognitions: Life not worth living, 44.2%; death wish, 26.9%; suicidal ideas, 24.6%; made suicidal plans, 12.4%; and 7.1% had a history of suicide attempt. These cognitions were significantly associated with suicide attempt. There was a general awareness of risks and supportive measures. The finding that 29.7% of participants might consider suicide for themselves in certain circumstances suggested the degree of acceptability of suicide in the community. Contrasting views were also present where suicide was considered as a sin by 66.2%, but 10.4% felt that their religion allows it in certain situations. The majority of participants felt that suicide is preventable. Conclusions: Suicidal thought and behaviors were common in the community. The results suggest that there is still a need for public education increasing awareness about the risks, support systems available in the local community and timely help-seeking that may improve the scope for suicide prevention.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115222667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Dilemmas of Help and Counteraction to Teaching in Complex Social Worlds. Commentary on the Article: M.Kline 'How to Learn about Teaching: An Evolutionary Framework for the Study of Teaching Behavior in Humans and Other Animals'","authors":"A. Poddiakov","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X14000570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X14000570","url":null,"abstract":"Human civilization has a system of different social tools, institutions, and types of positive and negative work with teaching/learning determined by different interests of many actors. Negative work is more hidden and less studied. A paradoxical adaptive problem for teachers with good intentions is design of teaching/learning that equips pupils for learning in future environments unknown to the teachers.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132611127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Factors of the Reading Speed: An Experimental Study","authors":"E. Chmykhova, D. Davydov, T. Lavrova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2599252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2599252","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an study of socio-demographic factors of reading speed. 533 subjects with different levels of education were involved in the study. It is shown that the reading speed is significantly dependent on the education level and value of daily reading and is not dependent on age or sex. Proposed to use a reading speed as an complementary indicator of the quality of education.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115562598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Dimensional Social Learning","authors":"Itai Arieli, Manuel Mueller-Frank","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2279079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2279079","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a model of social learning where the order in which actions are taken is determined by an m-dimensional integer lattice rather than along a line as in the sequential social learning model. The observation structure is determined by a random network. Every agent links to each of his preceding lattice neighbors independently with probability p, and observes the actions of all agents that are reachable via a directed path in the realized social network. We establish a strong discontinuity of learning with respect to the linkage probability. If p is close to but di¤erent from one an arbitrary high proportion of agents select the optimal action in the limit, for any informative signal structure. For bounded signals and a linkage probability equal to one, however, there exists a positive probability that all agents select the suboptimal action. We also show that for every p","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121762818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obama's 2012 Speeches: Views from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Rhetoric","authors":"Bahram Kazemian, S. Hashemi","doi":"10.4304/TPLS.4.6.1178-1187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4304/TPLS.4.6.1178-1187","url":null,"abstract":"In the light of Halliday's Ideational Grammatical Metaphor, Rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis, the major objectives of this study are to investigate and analyze Barack Obama's 2012 five speeches, which amount to 19383 words, from the point of frequency and functions of Nominalization, Rhetorical strategies, Passivization and Modality, in which we can grasp the effective and dominant principles and tropes utilized in political discourse. Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis frameworks based on a Hallidayan perspective are used to depict the orator's deft and clever use of these strategies in the speeches which are bound up with his overall political purposes. The results represent that nominalization, parallelism, unification strategies and modality have dominated in his speeches. There are some antithesis, expletive devices as well as passive voices in these texts. Accordingly, in terms of nominalization, some implications are drawn for political writing and reading, for translators and instructors entailed in reading and writing pedagogy.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125428273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bystander Apathy–An Enquiry into the Expression of Humanity and Empathy in China (2013-2014)","authors":"Timothy Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3060611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3060611","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To explore the apparent lack of personal concern for the welfare of others in China? To develop concepts to understand this social phenomena in natural settings using ethnographic and participatory research. Research Question: How can the knowledge derived from qualitative research be used to improve the welfare of the poor in Shanghai? Ethics: The study was carried out within the guidelines of the declaration of Helsinki. The study was characterised by anonymity, beneficence, non-maleficence, and the maintenance of the dignity of participants Method Collection of data. The principle data source was “observation” spot observation”(Baksh 1990)”, participant observation”(Hammersley and Atkinson 1983) vignettes (Finch 1987, Sani Bin Gabi 1990), oral history (narrative). Conclusion: The study was conducted ethically. It was a worthwhile study attempted to deal with current problems. The publication of this paper can be used to stimulate further enquiry into the problem of those in need of social welfare in Shanghai and China, in the hope it will improve services where they are needed. Suggested solutions In a country where intergenerational family ties are so strong and “guanxi” exists it is paradoxical there is little empathy for others. Confuscian values, changed family beliefs, and education at school and university may assist in increasing empathy. Learnt conditioning, to ignore or dissociate, from another human being in need of help, can be slowly overcome by implementing universal and improved changes in societal living conditions. This can be achieved by improving social welfare programs, spearheaded by a compassionate government. There is a view that it is an egregious and transparent fiction, to promulgate and publicly promote, the philosophies and policies of communism, yet allow these curable social ills to remain. ”Rex ipsa Loquiter”. The healthy should help the sick, the rich should help the poor and the employed should help the unemployed, proportionately, in accordance with what they have they should give. The promotion of a “forward thinking, humane, listening and open society, rather than a closed, narrow, opaque, inward looking “weltanschaung” would assist societal reform. We “bystanders”, we must all try to imagine we are in the place of those in need, and feel as they do, in their situation. We must follow the advice of Mencius (372-289BC) and develop and use “empathy” As Mencius said, ”a developed human heart is the basis of a moral life”.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123462911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Causal Effect of Social Activities on Cognition: Evidence from 20 European Countries","authors":"Dimitris Christelis, L. Dobrescu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2141386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2141386","url":null,"abstract":"Using micro data from eleven European countries, we investigate the impact of being socially active on cognition in older age. Cognitive abilities are measured through scores on numeracy, fluency and recall tests. We address the endogeneity of social activities through panel data and instrumental variable methods. We find that social activities have an important positive effect on cognition, with the results varying by gender. Fluency is positively affected only in females, while numeracy only in males. Finally, recall is affected in both sexes. We also show that social activities, through their effect on cognition, influence positively households’ economic welfare.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122457304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes Toward an Understanding of Freedom of Conscience","authors":"S. Murphy","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2025268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2025268","url":null,"abstract":"Commentators wrestling with conflicts between claims of conscience made by health care workers and demands for morally controversial services have offered a variety of responses. Despite these efforts, controversy about freedom of conscience in health care continues. It subsides from time to time, only to erupt again with renewed force when tectonic political and social forces collide. Discussion has not gone deep enough to address underlying disagreements about the nature of the human person that shape disputes about freedom of conscience. Proposals to limit freedom of conscience must first take into account the distinction between its perfective and preservative forms. Limiting perfective freedom of conscience prevents people from doing the good that they wish to do, and may (if no alternatives are available) prevent them from perfecting themselves, fulfilling their personal aspirations or achieving some social goals. This may do them some wrong. But if it does them some wrong, it does not necessarily do them an injury. In contrast, to force people to do something they believe to be wrong is always an assault on their personal dignity and essential humanity, even if they are objectively in error; it is always harmful to the individual, and it always has negative implications for society. This does not mean that no limit can ever be placed on preservative freedom of conscience. It does mean, however, that even the strict approach taken to limiting other fundamental rights and freedoms is not sufficiently refined to be safely applied to limit freedom of conscience in its preservative form. The stakes are far too high. Like the use of potentially deadly force, if the restriction of preservative freedom of conscience can be justified at all, it will only be as a last resort, and only in the most exceptional circumstances.","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127722653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Candle, a Thousand Points of Light: The Xanadu Meme","authors":"W. Benzon","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1578468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1578468","url":null,"abstract":"I treat a single word 'xanadu', as a 'meme' and follow it from a 17th century book, to a 19th century poem (Coleridge's \"Kubla Khan\"), into the 20th century where it was picked up by a classic movie (\"Citizen Kane\"), an ongoing software development project (Ted Nelson's Project Xanadu), and another movie and hit song, Olivia Newton-John's Xanadu. The aggregate result can be seen when you google the word, you get 6 million hits. What is interesting about those hits is that, while some of them are directly related to Coleridge's poem, more seem to be related to Nelson's software project, Olivia Newton-John's film and song, and (indirectly) to Welles' movie. Thus one cluster of Xanadu sites is high tech while another is about luxury and excess (and then there's the Manchester Swingers Club Xanadu).","PeriodicalId":444809,"journal":{"name":"Risk Factors in Asset Returns","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130636535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}