{"title":"Hospital cost efficiency: an examination of US acute care inpatient hospitals.","authors":"Sebastian Linde","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09356-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09356-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of stochastic frontier models for inference on hospital efficiency is complicated by the inability to fully control for quality differences across hospitals. Additionally, the potential existence of cross-sectional dependence due to the presence of unobserved common factors leads to endogeneity problems that can bias both cost function and efficiency estimates. Using a panel consisting of 1518 hospitals for the years 1996-2013 (T = 18), I adopt techniques for dealing with long, cross-sectionally dependent panel data in order to estimate cost parameters and hospital specific efficiency. In particular, I employ the estimation technique proposed by Bai (Econometrica 77(4):1229-1279, 2009), which assumes that the unobservable heterogenous effects have a factor structure. I find evidence of considerable scale economies and that hospital cost inefficiencies have been increasing during the period of 1996-2013, and that the growth in expenditures is, in part, driven by spending that increases patient satisfaction, but that does not significantly contribute to improved patient health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"325-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10089798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V Meusel, E Mentzakis, P Baji, G Fiorentini, F Paolucci
{"title":"Priority setting in the German healthcare system: results from a discrete choice experiment.","authors":"V Meusel, E Mentzakis, P Baji, G Fiorentini, F Paolucci","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09347-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09347-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, social healthcare systems must face the challenges of a growing scarcity of resources and of its inevitable distributional effects. Explicit criteria are needed to define the boundaries of public reimbursement decisions. As Germany stands at the beginning of such a discussion, more formalised priority setting procedures seem in order. Recent research identified multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) as a promising approach to inform and to guide decision-making in healthcare systems. In that regard, this paper aims to analyse the relative weight assigned to various criteria in setting priority interventions in Germany. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was employed in 2015 to elicit equity and efficiency preferences of 263 decision makers, through six attributes. The experiment allowed us to rate different policy interventions based on their features in a composite league table (CLT). As number of potential beneficiaries, severity of disease, individual health benefits and cost-effectiveness are the most relevant criteria for German decision makers within the sample population, the results display an overall higher preference towards efficiency criteria. Specific high priority interventions are mental disorders and cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"411-431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10462569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10116083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shin-Haw Lee, Andrew Toye Ojo, Matthew Halat, Nataly Bleibdrey, Steven Zhang, Rob Chalmers, Dan Zimskind
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on hospital screening, diagnosis and treatment activities among prostate and colorectal cancer patients in Canada.","authors":"Shin-Haw Lee, Andrew Toye Ojo, Matthew Halat, Nataly Bleibdrey, Steven Zhang, Rob Chalmers, Dan Zimskind","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09342-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09342-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suspension of cancer screening and treatment programs were instituted to preserve medical resources and protect vulnerable populations. This research aims to investigate the implications of COVID-19 on cancer management and clinical outcomes for patients with prostate and colorectal cancer in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined hospital cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, length of stay, and mortality data among prostate and colorectal cancer patients between April 2017 and March 2021. Baseline trends were established with data between April 2017 and March 2020 for comparison with data collected between April 2020 and March 2021. Scenario analyses were performed to assess the incremental capacity requirements needed to restore hospital cancer care capacities to the pre-pandemic levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For prostate cancer, A 12% decrease in diagnoses and 5.3% decrease in treatment activities were observed during COVID-19 between April 2020 and March 2021. Similarly, a 43% reduction in colonoscopies, 11% decrease in diagnoses and 10% decrease in treatment activities were observed for colorectal cancers. An estimated 1,438 prostate and 2,494 colorectal cancer cases were undiagnosed, resulting in a total of 620 and 1,487 unperformed treatment activities for prostate and colorectal cancers, respectively, across nine provinces in Canada. To clear the backlogs of unperformed treatment procedures will require an estimated 3%-6% monthly capacity increase over the next 6 months.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>A concerted effort from all stakeholders is required to immediately ameliorate the backlogs of cancer detection and treatment activities. Mitigation measures should be implemented to minimize future interruptions to cancer care in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"345-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10067511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10089254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie Gilles de la Londe, Anissa Afrite, Julien Mousquès
{"title":"How does the quality of care for type 2 diabetic patients benefit from GPs-nurses' teamwork? A staggered difference-in-differences design based on a French pilot program.","authors":"Julie Gilles de la Londe, Anissa Afrite, Julien Mousquès","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09354-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09354-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In many countries, policies have explicitly encouraged primary care teams and inter-professional cooperation and skill mix, as a way to improve both productive efficiency gains and quality improvement. France faces barriers to developing team working as well as new and more advanced roles for health care professionals including nurses. We aim to estimate the impact of a national pilot experiment of teamwork between general practitioners (GPs) and advance practitioners nurses (APN)-who substitute and complement GPs-on yearly quality of care process indicators for type two diabetes patients (T2DP). Implemented by a not-for-profit meso-tier organisation and supported by the Ministry of Health, the pilot relied on the voluntary enrolment of newly GPs from 2012 to 2015; the staffing and training of APNs; skill mixing and new remuneration schemes. We use latent-response formulation models, control for endogeneity and selection bias by using controlled before-after and quasi-experimental design combining coarsened exact matching-prior to the treatment, at both GPs (435 treated vs 973 control) and T2DP levels -, with intention to treat (ITT; 18,310 in each group) and per protocol (PP, 2943 in each group) perspectives, as well as difference-in-differences estimates on balanced panel claims data from the National Health Insurance Fund linked to clinical data over the period 2010-2017. We show evidence of a positive and significant positive impact for T2DP followed-up by newly enrolled GPs in the pilot compared to the pretreatment period and the control group. The effect magnitudes were larger for PP than for ITT subsamples.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"433-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10098692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finding fraud: enforcement, detection, and recoveries after the ACA.","authors":"Victoria Perez, Julio A Ramos Pastrana","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09357-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09357-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicaid Fraud Control Units investigate and prosecute acts of financial fraud and patient abuse within the program. Prior to the expansion of Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), federal government MFCU expenditures totaled half a percent of Medicaid expenditures. Following the enrollment of 12 million adults into the Medicaid program under the ACA, expenditures for these units are now less than pre-ACA levels, as a share of program expenses. We use data for states' fraud enforcement efforts in the period 2010-2018 and a difference-in-differences design that exploits states' decision to expand Medicaid under the ACA. States that did expand Medicaid increased their fraud investigations, compared to states that did not expand. Further, civil recoveries and excluded individuals increased after the Medicaid expansion. We find evidence that increases in program scale, in terms of enrollment and utilization, reverted to the mean, facilitating the identification of outlier provider behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"393-409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10099991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does the market reward quality? Evidence from India.","authors":"Zachary Wagner, Somalee Banerjee, Manoj Mohanan, Neeraj Sood","doi":"10.1007/s10754-022-09341-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09341-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are two salient facts about health care in low and middle-income countries; (1) the private sector plays an important role and (2) the care provided is often of poor quality. Despite these facts we know little about what drives quality of care in the private sector and why patients seek care from poor quality providers. We use two field studies in India that provide insight into this issue. First, we use a discrete choice experiment to show that patients strongly value technical quality. Second, we use standardized patients to show that better quality providers are not able to charge higher prices. Instead providers are able to charge higher prices for elements of quality that the patient can observe, which are less important for health outcomes. Future research should explore whether accessible information on technical quality of local providers can shift demand to higher quality providers and improve health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"467-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10097070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing the effect of health reforms on the efficiency of Ecuadorian public hospitals.","authors":"Juan Piedra-Peña, Diego Prior","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09346-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09346-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to assess whether Ecuadorian health reforms carried out since 2008 have affected the efficiency performance of public hospitals in the country. We contribute to the literature by shedding new light on the effects on public healthcare efficiency for developing countries when policies move toward health equity and universal coverage. We follow a two-stage approach, wherein the first stage we make use of factor and cluster analysis to obtain three clusters of public hospitals based on their technological endowment; we exploit Data Envelopment Analysis for panel data in the second stage to estimate robust efficiency measures over time. Our innovative empirical strategy considers the heterogeneity of healthcare institutions in the analysis of their efficiency performance. The results show a significant decrease in the average efficiency of low and intermediate technology hospitals after the new constitution was adopted in 2008. The decline in efficiency coincides with the two reforms of 2010 and 2011 that brought on higher social security coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 3","pages":"361-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10462564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10488927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of life expectancy at birth: a longitudinal study on OECD countries.","authors":"Paolo Roffia, Alessandro Bucciol, Sara Hashlamoun","doi":"10.1007/s10754-022-09338-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09338-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper analyses the influence of several determinants on life expectancy at birth in 36 OECD countries over the 1999-2018 period. We utilized a cross-country fixed-effects multiple regression analysis with year and country dummies and used dynamic models, backward stepwise selection, and Arellano-Bond estimators to treat potential endogeneity issues. The results show the influence of per capita health-care expenditure, incidence of out-of-pocket expenditure, physician density, hospital bed density, social spending, GDP level, participation ratio to labour, prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases, temperature, and total size of the population on life expectancy at birth. In line with previous studies, this analysis confirms the relevance of both health care expenditure and health care system (physicians and hospital beds in our analysis) in influencing a country's population life expectancy. It also outlines the importance of other factors related to population behaviour and social spending jointly considered on this outcome. Policy makers should carefully consider these mutual influences when allocating public funds, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic period.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 2","pages":"189-212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do budget constraints limit access to health care? Evidence from PCI treatments in Hungary.","authors":"András Kiss, Norbert Kiss, Balázs Váradi","doi":"10.1007/s10754-023-09349-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-023-09349-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under Hungary's single payer health care system, hospitals face an annual budget cap on most of their diagnoses-related group based reimbursements. In July 2012, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatments of acute myocardial infarction were exempted from that hospital level budget cap. We use countrywide individual-level patient data from 2009 to 2015 to map the effect of such a quasi-experimental change in monetary incentives on health provider decisions and health outcomes. We find that direct admissions into PCI-capable hospitals increase, especially in central Hungary, where there are several hospitals which can compete for patients. The proportion of PCI treatments at PCI-capable hospitals, however, does not increase, and neither does the number of patient transfers from non-PCI hospitals to PCI-capable ones. We conclude that only patient pathways, plausibly influenced by hospital management, were affected by the shift in incentives, while physicians' treatment decisions were not. While average length of stay decreased, we do not find any effect on 30-day readmissions or in-hospital mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 2","pages":"281-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10156867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9468870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adverse health shocks, social insurance and household consumption: evidence from Indonesia's Askeskin program.","authors":"Kalyan Kolukuluri","doi":"10.1007/s10754-022-09329-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09329-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the efficacy of Askeskin, a subsidized social health insurance targeted towards poor households and informal sector workers in Indonesia, in mitigating the impact of adverse health shocks on household consumption. To overcome selection bias from non-experimental nature of Askeskin enrolment, I use a robust estimation strategy, where outcome regressions are run on a propensity score-based matching sample. Using longitudinal data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey, this study finds that uninsured households facing extreme health health shocks experience a 1.3% point loss in growth in food and 2% point loss in non-food consumption growth. Importantly, households having Askeskin insurance, are fully insured in terms of food and medical consumption. But non-food spending, a discretionary component, is not insured fully resulting in a 1.2% point fall in consumption growth rate, despite Askeskin. This result is robust to a battery of sensitivity and robustness checks, including alternate definition of health shocks. Further, I investigate whether the Askeskin program simply displaced informal, community-based mechanisms of risk sharing. No crowd out effect is observed and informal risk-sharing coexists with Askeskin.</p>","PeriodicalId":44403,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management","volume":"23 2","pages":"213-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9398904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}