Andreas Braun, Sebastian Frank, Martin Majewski, Xiaofeng Wang
{"title":"CapSeat: capacitive proximity sensing for automotive activity recognition","authors":"Andreas Braun, Sebastian Frank, Martin Majewski, Xiaofeng Wang","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799263","url":null,"abstract":"Inattentiveness is one of the major causes of traffic accidents. Advanced car safety systems try to mitigate this by detecting potential signs of distraction or tiredness, and providing alerts to the driver. In this paper we present CapSeat - a car seat equipped with integrated capacitive proximity sensors that are used to measure a wide range of physiological parameters about the driver. This can support safety systems by detecting inattentiveness and increase passive safety by facilitating suitable seat adjustments and posture detection. We present a sensor electrode layout suitable for detecting the necessary parameters and processing methods that acquire multiple physiological parameters from sensor data, using a variety of different algorithms. A prototype of the system is presented that was evaluated for all detectable parameters in a proof-of-concept study. We achieved a classification precision between 95% and 100%.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115129892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Wurhofer, Alina Krischkowsky, Marianna Obrist, E. Karapanos, E. Niforatos, M. Tscheligi
{"title":"Everyday commuting: prediction, actual experience and recall of anger and frustration in the car","authors":"D. Wurhofer, Alina Krischkowsky, Marianna Obrist, E. Karapanos, E. Niforatos, M. Tscheligi","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799251","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents insights on driver's User Experience (UX) in terms of systematically investigating predicted experience, actual experience, and recalled experience. By conducting a three-week field study with car commuters in two countries, we studied how frustration and anger differentiate in prediction, actual experience, and recall. Our results show that commuters accurately predict their upcoming anger or frustration in a traffic congestion, however, lower their experienced frustration when being recalled. Moreover, unexpected traffic congestions (in contrast to expected ones) are prone to higher levels of anger. We further found that time of day is related to the prediction of anger, and mood is related to the prediction of frustration. With our study we provide a holistic view on commuters' everyday emotions and experiences -- not only when being on the road, but also before and after the trip.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123239687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Schneeberger, Simon von Massow, M. Moniri, Angela Castronovo, Christian A. Müller, Jan Macek
{"title":"Tailoring mobile apps for safe on-road usage: how an interaction concept enables safe interaction with hotel booking, news, Wolfram Alpha and Facebook","authors":"T. Schneeberger, Simon von Massow, M. Moniri, Angela Castronovo, Christian A. Müller, Jan Macek","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799264","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an automotive interaction concept called GetHomeSafe that allows drivers to book hotels, browse news and use both Wolfram Alpha and Facebook safely during driving. GetHomeSafe includes a natural speech dialog system and a graphical user interface both adapted to drivers' needs. In addition to a description of the interaction concept, we report the results of a real-car driving study. To assess the driving safety subjective and objective data on GetHomeSafe usage were gathered and compared with the usage of respective apps on a mounted tablet. In order to combine information about eye-gaze and head-pose of the driver, we used the EyeVIUS system [1] to get the drivers' focus-of-attention. The results indicate that it seems to be safer to use GetHomeSafe compared to the apps on a mounted tablet. One reason is that the subjective load and the distraction while using the mounted tablet is higher for most of the drivers. Moreover, the GetHomeSafe interaction concept received favorable usability ratings.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123550837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring new qualitative methods to support a quantitative analysis of glance behavior","authors":"Mauricio Muñoz, B. Reimer, Bruce Mehler","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799278","url":null,"abstract":"The work proposes conceptual ways of considering drivers' visual behavior over time as a flow of attention across space. These efforts extend upon previous works (research and regulatory) that focus in greater detail on quantifying attention independent of time. The primary contribution of this work lies in the presented methodology for analysis of glance allocation features. An application of this method is explored as an illustration of its analytic potential. Driver glance allocation data were drawn from a heterogeneous set of drivers. Double coded and mediated glance allocations were used to detail differences between drivers' visual behavior across 3 different task types (baseline driving, visual-manual interaction, auditory-vocal interaction). Glance transition counts were used to estimate glance transition probabilities and significance values. Glance duration features were explored in parallel and used to visualize temporal allocation distribution and significance. Results show that visualization techniques based on these features are well suited for qualitative analysis of visual attention.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122469841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the NHTSA and ISO occlusion test protocols: how many participants are sufficient?","authors":"Sudeep Pournami, D. Large, G. Burnett, C. Harvey","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799255","url":null,"abstract":"Occlusion is a popular technique used to evaluate the visual demand associated with secondary tasks/devices in a driving context offering a low cost, highly accessible alternative to driving simulators and on-road studies. Several standardised occlusion test protocols have been published, most notably by NHTSA and ISO. These differ significantly in terms of how many participants are deemed to be sufficient in order to elicit statistically representative behaviour, and thus impose different 'costs' on incumbent organisations. A NHTSA-compliant study investigated three navigation-related tasks using a smartphone app (APP) and portable navigation device (PND). As a comparison, 1000 iterations of 10 participant ISO sample groups were extracted from the NHTSA 24-participant cohort and analysed in accordance with the same measures. Results obtained using all 10-participant ISO groups were consistent with the NHTSA findings, indicating that both standards would support the same conclusions regarding relative performance. Applying NHTSA's acceptance criteria, it is evident that, in most cases, recommendations based on the smaller ISO samples would be the same as those obtained from the full NHTSA cohort. However, only 95.5% conformance was observed for task 3 using the PND, suggesting a small risk that different conclusions could be drawn for this particular device/task if a smaller number of participants were used. Given the lower inherent costs associated with the ISO protocol, we thus conclude that this may be better suited for relative/formative assessment, whereas the NHTSA protocol may be more appropriate for summative evaluations.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131424469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tactile feedback for virtual automotive steering wheel switches","authors":"Lisa Diwischek, Jason Lisseman","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799271","url":null,"abstract":"In order to minimize a driver's distraction while interacting with automotive systems, tactile feedback for virtual switches can be employed. Although several guidelines exist for feedback design, the exact settings are technology dependent and need careful investigation for each technology, especially when it is a newly invented one as in the present case. The present technology combines the advantages of mechanical switches and capacitive touchscreens without implicating each technology's disadvantages. A human-machine-interaction study was conducted in order to evaluate two waveforms and four different frequencies in terms of user preference. Users performed a pairwise comparison and rated each signal afterwards on a semantic differential. The 230 Hertz sine wave was preferred most in the study, although not all differences between the stimuli became significant. The newly developed technology could therefore be optimized with the present study in terms of user preference. The results of the present study may be transferable for other non-capacitive or capacitive touchscreen devices.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131469748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kun, J. Wachtel, W. Miller, P. Son, M. Lavallière
{"title":"User interfaces for first responder vehicles: views from practitioners, industry, and academia","authors":"A. Kun, J. Wachtel, W. Miller, P. Son, M. Lavallière","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799289","url":null,"abstract":"By the nature of their jobs first responders have to interact with in-vehicle devices even as they drive under challenging road conditions. In this paper we assess the state-of-the-art in creating safe in-vehicle user interfaces for first responders, and we propose six research and development priorities for future work in this realm.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115416511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shin-Bong Kang, Byungjo Kim, Sangrok Han, Hyogon Kim
{"title":"Do you see what I see: towards a gaze-based surroundings query processing system","authors":"Shin-Bong Kang, Byungjo Kim, Sangrok Han, Hyogon Kim","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799285","url":null,"abstract":"A smart car can be defined in various dimensions. In this paper, we consider a gaze-based driver query processing system where the vehicle recognizes where the driver is looking at when she asks about roadside landmarks. By linking the tracked gaze of the driver with annotated maps and geo-location information, the system can let the vehicle provide immediate answers to the driver. We discuss the design and implementation of the system, along with the test results during real driving.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116317093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Giang, Inas Shanti, H. Chen, Alex Zhou, Birsen Donmez
{"title":"Smartwatches vs. smartphones: a preliminary report of driver behavior and perceived risk while responding to notifications","authors":"W. Giang, Inas Shanti, H. Chen, Alex Zhou, Birsen Donmez","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799282","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines driver engagement with smartwatches and smartphones while driving. Twelve participants (7 novice and 5 experienced smartwatch users) drove in a high-fidelity simulator while receiving notifications from either a smartwatch (Pebble) or a smartphone (LG Nexus 5). It was found that participants had more glances, on average, per notification while using the smartwatch compared to the smartphone. Further, their brake response times were longer when they received notifications prior to a lead vehicle braking event on the smartwatch compared to when they did not receive any notifications and when they received notifications on the smartphone. Contrary to these glance and driving performance findings, participants perceived similar levels of risk for the two devices, and they largely reported that smartwatch use while driving should receive penalties equal to or less than smartphone use with respect to distracted driving legislation. Thus, there appears to be a disconnection between drivers' actual performance while using smartwatches and their perceptions.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130680393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phillip Taylor, N. Griffiths, A. Bhalerao, Xu Zhou, A. Gelencser, T. Popham
{"title":"Warwick-JLR driver monitoring dataset (DMD): statistics and early findings","authors":"Phillip Taylor, N. Griffiths, A. Bhalerao, Xu Zhou, A. Gelencser, T. Popham","doi":"10.1145/2799250.2799286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799286","url":null,"abstract":"Driving is a safety critical task that requires a high levels of attention and workload from the driver. Despite this, people often also perform secondary tasks such as eating or using a mobile phone, which increase workload levels and divert cognitive and physical attention from the primary task of driving. If a vehicle is aware that the driver is currently under high workload, the vehicle functionality can be changed in order to minimize any further demand. Traditionally, workload measurements have been performed using intrusive means such as physiological sensors. Another approach may be to monitor workload online using readily available and robust sensors accessible via the vehicle's Controller Area Network (CAN). In this paper, we present details of the Warwick-JLR Driver Monitoring Dataset (DMD) collected for this purpose, and to announce its publication for driver monitoring research. The collection protocol is briefly introduced, followed by statistical analysis of the dataset to describe its structure. Finally, the public release of the dataset, for use in both driver monitoring and data mining research, is announced.","PeriodicalId":443866,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132003375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}