Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii最新文献

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Metabolic profile of blood serum in experimental arterial hypertension. 实验性动脉高压患者血清代谢谱。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-64
A A Seryapina, A A Malyavko, Yu K Polityko, L V Yanshole, Yu P Tsentalovich, A L Markel
{"title":"Metabolic profile of blood serum in experimental arterial hypertension.","authors":"A A Seryapina,&nbsp;A A Malyavko,&nbsp;Yu K Polityko,&nbsp;L V Yanshole,&nbsp;Yu P Tsentalovich,&nbsp;A L Markel","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-64","DOIUrl":"10.18699/VJGB-23-64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The etiology of essential hypertension is intricate, since it employs simultaneously various body systems related to the regulation of blood pressure in one way or another: the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems, renal and endothelial mechanisms. The pathogenesis of hypertension is influenced by a variety of both genetic and environmental factors, which determines the heterogeneity of the disease in human population. Hence, there is a need to perform research on experimental models - inbred animal strains, one of them being ISIAH rat strain, which is designed to simulate inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension as close as possible to primary (or essential) hypertension in humans. To determine specific markers of diseases, various omics technologies are applied, including metabolomics, which makes it possible to evaluate the content of low-molecular compounds - amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids fragments - in biological samples available for clinical analysis (blood and urine). We analyzed the metabolic profile of the blood serum of male ISIAH rats with a genetic stress-dependent form of arterial hypertension in comparison with the normotensive WAG rats. Using the method of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR spectroscopy), 56 metabolites in blood serum samples were identified, 18 of which were shown to have significant interstrain differences in serum concentrations. Statistical analysis of the data obtained showed that the hypertensive status of ISIAH rats is characterized by increased concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, valine, myo-inositol, isobutyrate, glutamate, glutamine, ornithine and creatine phosphate, and reduced concentrations of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, betaine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Such a ratio of the metabolite concentrations is associated with changes in the regulation of glucose metabolism (metabolic markers - leucine, isoleucine, valine, myo-inositol), of nitric oxide synthesis (ornithine) and catecholamine pathway (tyrosine), and with inflammatory processes (metabolic markers - betaine, tryptophan), all of these changes being typical for hypertensive status. Thus, metabolic profiling of the stress-dependent form of arterial hypertension seems to be an important result for a personalized approach to the prevention and treatment of hypertensive disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 5","pages":"530-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10587007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantifying human genome parameters in aging. 量化衰老中的人类基因组参数。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-60
V P Volobaev, S S Kunizheva, L I Uralsky, D A Kupriyanova, E I Rogaev
{"title":"Quantifying human genome parameters in aging.","authors":"V P Volobaev,&nbsp;S S Kunizheva,&nbsp;L I Uralsky,&nbsp;D A Kupriyanova,&nbsp;E I Rogaev","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-60","DOIUrl":"10.18699/VJGB-23-60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthy human longevity is a global goal of the world health system. Determining the causes and processes influencing human longevity is the primary fundamental goal facing the scientific community. Currently, the main efforts of the scientific community are aimed at identifying the qualitative characteristics of the genome that determine the trait. At the same time, when evaluating qualitative characteristics, there are many challenges that make it difficult to establish associations. Quantitative traits are burdened with such problems to a lesser extent, but they are largely overlooked in current genomic studies of aging and longevity. Although there is a wide repertoire of quantitative trait analyses based on genomic data, most opportunities are ignored by authors, which, along with the inaccessibility of published data, leads to the loss of this important information. This review focuses on describing quantitative traits important for understanding aging and necessary for analysis in further genomic studies, and recommends the inclusion of the described traits in the analysis. The review considers the relationship between quantitative characteristics of the mitochondrial genome and aging, longevity, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as the frequency of extensive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions, mtDNA half-life, the frequency of A>G replacements in the mtDNA heavy chain, the number of mtDNA copies; special attention is paid to the mtDNA methylation sign. A separate section of this review is devoted to the correlation of telomere length parameters with age, as well as the association of telomere length with the amount of mitochondrial DNA. In addition, we consider such a quantitative feature as the rate of accumulation of somatic mutations with aging in relation to the lifespan of living organisms. In general, it may be noted that there are quite serious reasons to suppose that various quantitative characteristics of the genome may be directly or indirectly associated with certain aspects of aging and longevity. At the same time, the available data are clearly insufficient for definitive conclusions and the determination of causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 5","pages":"495-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10551942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41112919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CD-1 mice females recognize male reproductive success via volatile organic compounds in urine. CD-1小鼠雌性通过尿液中的挥发性有机化合物识别雄性生殖成功。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-58
A S Khotskina, E L Zavjalov, E P Shnayder, L A Gerlinskaya, S O Maslennikova, D V Petrovskii, M N Baldin, A L Makas, V M Gruznov, M L Troshkov, M P Moshkin
{"title":"CD-1 mice females recognize male reproductive success via volatile organic compounds in urine.","authors":"A S Khotskina,&nbsp;E L Zavjalov,&nbsp;E P Shnayder,&nbsp;L A Gerlinskaya,&nbsp;S O Maslennikova,&nbsp;D V Petrovskii,&nbsp;M N Baldin,&nbsp;A L Makas,&nbsp;V M Gruznov,&nbsp;M L Troshkov,&nbsp;M P Moshkin","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-58","DOIUrl":"10.18699/VJGB-23-58","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual selection is considered as one of the leading factors of evolutionary development. In the conditions of incessant competition, specialized methods of attracting individuals of the opposite sex as well as criteria for assessing the quality of a sexual partner have been formed. In order for animals to rely on signaling from sexual partners, the signal must reflect the morpho-physiological status of animals. A high reproductive efficiency of male mice is a good advantage for mate selection and thus must be somehow demonstrated to potential mates. The aim of our study was to find out if male mice could demonstrate their reproductive efficiency through urine volatile organic compounds. The experiment implies cohabiting one male with two mature females for 6 days. The reproductive success of the male was assessed by the presence or absence of pregnant females. At the same time, naive females, who did not participate in reproduction, assessed the urine of the successful males as more attractive, which was expressed in shorter Latency time of sniffs in the Olfactory test. Using a rapid headspace GC/MS analysis, we have found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in male urine that correlated with female behavior. It turned out that these substances are derivatives of mouse pheromone 6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-heptanone. The amplitude of peaks corresponding to this pheromone correlated with the testosterone level in blood and the weight of preputial glands. The amplitude of peaks increased in males after mating with whom the females turned out to be pregnant. It is important to note that body weight, weight of testes, weight of seminal vesicles, weight of preputial glands, and plasma testosterone level alone are not reliable indicators of male reproductive success. Thus, the content of the pheromone 6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-heptanone in the urine of males can serve as a good predictor of the quality of the male as a sexual partner for female CD-1 mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 5","pages":"480-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10551948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive agrobiological assessment and analysis of genetic relationships of promising walnut varieties of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. 尼基茨基植物园核桃优良品种遗传关系的综合农业生物学评价和分析。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-55
Yu V Plugatar, I I Suprun, S Yu Khokhlov, I V Stepanov, E A Al-Nakib
{"title":"Comprehensive agrobiological assessment and analysis of genetic relationships of promising walnut varieties of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens.","authors":"Yu V Plugatar,&nbsp;I I Suprun,&nbsp;S Yu Khokhlov,&nbsp;I V Stepanov,&nbsp;E A Al-Nakib","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-55","DOIUrl":"10.18699/VJGB-23-55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Walnut is an important horticultural crop, the production of which ranks second among all nut crops. Despite the significant demand in the domestic market in Russia, the industrial production of walnut fruits in Russia is currently underdeveloped. At the same time, there is a need to update the assortment with new highly productive varieties adapted to local agro-climatic conditions and having high quality nuts that are competitive at the world level. An important issue for the successful implementation of breeding programs is a comprehensive study of the gene pool. In this regard, within the framework of the study, the task was to evaluate promising varieties from the collection of the walnut gene pool of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens and analyze genetic relationships based on microsatellite genotyping. On the basis of the performed phenotypic assessment, the study sample, which included 31 varieties, was divided into several groups according to the main phenotypic traits, such as frost and drought resistance, the start of the growing season, the ripening period, the weight and type of flowering, the weight of the fruit, and the thickness of the endocarp. Varieties with economically valuable traits that can be recommended as promising as initial parental forms in breeding work for resistance to abiotic stress factors have been identified, as well as varieties with increased productivity and large fruit sizes. Based on the analysis of eight SSR markers (WGA001, WGA376, WGA069, WGA276, WGA009, WGA202, WGA089 and WGA054), an analysis of the level of genetic diversity was performed and genetic relationships were established in the studied sample of varieties. Six (for WGA089) to eleven (for WGA276) alleles per locus have been identified. A total of 70 alleles were identified for the eight DNA markers used, with an average value of 8.75. Analysis of SSR genotyping data using Bayesian analysis established the presence of two main groups of genotypes. Taking into account the fact that all the studied varieties are selections from local seed populations in different regions of the Crimean Peninsula, the revealed level of polymorphism may indirectly reflect the level of genetic diversity of the local walnut populations. Furthermore, the presence of two genetically distant groups indicates the presence of two independently formed pools of the autochthonous gene pool of the species Juglans regia L. on the Crimean Peninsula.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 5","pages":"454-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10587009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Searching for new genes associated with the familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype using whole-genome sequencing and machine learning. 利用全基因组测序和机器学习寻找与家族性高胆固醇血症表型相关的新基因。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-63
D E Ivanoshchuk, A B Kolker, O V Timoshchenko, S E Semaev, E V Shakhtshneider
{"title":"Searching for new genes associated with the familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype using whole-genome sequencing and machine learning.","authors":"D E Ivanoshchuk,&nbsp;A B Kolker,&nbsp;O V Timoshchenko,&nbsp;S E Semaev,&nbsp;E V Shakhtshneider","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/VJGB-23-63","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most common congenital metabolic disorders is familial hypercholesterolemia. Familial hypercholesterolemia is a condition caused by a type of genetic defect leading to a decreased rate of removal of low-density lipoproteins from the bloodstream and a pronounced increase in the blood level of total cholesterol. This disease leads to the early development of cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic etiology. Familial hypercholesterolemia is a monogenic disease that is predominantly autosomal dominant. Rare pathogenic variants in the LDLR gene are present in 75-85 % of cases with an identified molecular genetic cause of the disease, and variants in other genes (APOB, PCSK9, LDLRAP1, ABCG5, ABCG8, and others) occur at a frequency of < 5 % in this group of patients. A negative result of genetic screening for pathogenic variants in genes of the low-density lipoprotein receptor and its ligands does not rule out a diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia. In 20-40 % of cases, molecular genetic testing fails to detect changes in the above genes. The aim of this work was to search for new genes associated with the familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype by modern high-tech methods of sequencing and machine learning. On the basis of a group of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (enrolled according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria and including cases confirmed by molecular genetic analysis), decision trees were constructed, which made it possible to identify cases in the study population that require additional molecular genetic analysis. Five probands were identified as having the severest familial hypercholesterolemia without pathogenic variants in the studied genes and were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing on the HiSeq 1500 platform (Illumina). The whole-genome sequencing revealed rare variants in three out of five analyzed patients: a heterozygous variant (rs760657350) located in a splicing acceptor site in the PLD1 gene (c.2430-1G>A), a previously undescribed single-nucleotide deletion in the SIDT1 gene [c.2426del (p.Leu809CysfsTer2)], new missense variant c.10313C>G (p.Pro3438Arg) in the LRP1B gene, and single-nucleotide deletion variant rs753876598 [c.165del (p.Ser56AlafsTer11)] in the CETP gene. All these variants were found for the first time in patients with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia. Variants were identified that may influence the formation of the familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 5","pages":"522-529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10551936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41119915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of Beringia in human adaptation to Arctic conditions based on results of genomic studies of modern and ancient populations. 基于对现代和古代人群的基因组研究结果,白令陆桥在人类适应北极条件中的作用。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-45
B A Malyarchuk
{"title":"The role of Beringia in human adaptation to Arctic conditions based on results of genomic studies of modern and ancient populations.","authors":"B A Malyarchuk","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/VJGB-23-45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The results of studies in Quaternary geology, archeology, paleoanthropology and human genetics demonstrate that the ancestors of Native Americans arrived in mid-latitude North America mainly along the Pacific Northwest Coast, but had previously inhabited the Arctic and during the last glacial maximum were in a refugium in Beringia, a land bridge connecting Eurasia and North America. The gene pool of Native Americans is represented by unique haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome, the evolutionary age of which ranges from 13 to 22 thousand years. The results of a paleogenomic analysis also show that during the last glacial maximum Beringia was populated by human groups that had arisen as a result of interaction between the most ancient Upper Paleolithic populations of Northern Eurasia and newcomer groups from East Asia. Approximately 20 thousand years ago the Beringian populations began to form, and the duration of their existence in relative isolation is estimated at about 5 thousand years. Thus, the adaptation of the Beringians to the Arctic conditions could have taken several millennia. The adaptation of Amerindian ancestors to high latitudes and cold climates is supported by genomic data showing that adaptive genetic variants in Native Americans are associated with various metabolic pathways: melanin production processes in the skin, hair and eyes, the functioning of the cardiovascular system, energy metabolism and immune response characteristics. Meanwhile, the analysis of the existing hypotheses about the selection of some genetic variants in the Beringian ancestors of the Amerindians in connection with adaptation to the Arctic conditions (for example, in the FADS, ACTN3, EDAR genes) shows the ambiguity of the testing results, which may be due to the loss of some traces of the \"Beringian\" adaptation in the gene pools of modern Native Americans. The most optimal strategy for further research seems to be the search for adaptive variant.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 4","pages":"373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10194773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of the evolutionary patterns of DNA repeats in ancient and young invertebrate species flocks of Lake Baikal. 贝加尔湖古代和年轻无脊椎动物种群DNA重复序列进化模式的比较。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-42
Wang Yuxiang, T E Peretolchina, E V Romanova, D Y Sherbakov
{"title":"Comparison of the evolutionary patterns of DNA repeats in ancient and young invertebrate species flocks of Lake Baikal.","authors":"Wang Yuxiang,&nbsp;T E Peretolchina,&nbsp;E V Romanova,&nbsp;D Y Sherbakov","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/VJGB-23-42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA repeat composition of low coverage (0.1-0.5) genomic libraries of four amphipods species endemic to Lake Baikal (East Siberia) and four endemic gastropod species of the fam. Baicaliidae have been compared to each other. In order to do so, a neighbor joining tree was inferred for each quartet of species (amphipods and mollusks) based on the ratio of repeat classes shared in each pair of species. The topology of this tree was compared to the phylogenies inferred for the same species from the concatenated protein-coding mitochondrial nucleotide sequences. In all species analyzed, the fraction of DNA repeats involved circa half of the genome. In relatively more ancient amphipods (most recent common ancestor, MRCA, existed approximately sixty millions years ago), the most abundant were species-specific repeats, while in much younger Baicaliidae (MRCA equal to ca. three millions years) most of the DNA repeats were shared among all four species. If the presence/absence of a repeat is regarded as a separate independent trait, and the ratio of shared to total numbers of repeats in a species pair is used as the measure of distance, the topology of the NJ tree is the same as the quartet phylogeny inferred for the mitogenomes protein coding nucleotide sequences. Meanwhile, in each group of species, a substantial number of repeats were detected pointing to the possibility of non-neutral evolution or a horizontal transfer between species occupying the same biotope. These repeats were shared by non-sister groups while being absent in the sister genomes. On the other hand, in such cases some traits of ecological significance were also shared.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 4","pages":"349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10213564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Taxonomic and ecophysiological characteristics of actinobacteria in soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands (Western Transbaikalia). 色楞嘎高原干草原带土壤放线菌的分类和生态生理特征。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-49
E P Nikitina, L B Buyantueva, E Yu Abidueva, C H Sun
{"title":"Taxonomic and ecophysiological characteristics of actinobacteria in soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands (Western Transbaikalia).","authors":"E P Nikitina,&nbsp;L B Buyantueva,&nbsp;E Yu Abidueva,&nbsp;C H Sun","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/VJGB-23-49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arid habitats have recently attracted increasing attention in terms of biodiversity research and the discovery of new bacterial species. These habitats are among the target ecosystems suitable for isolating new strains of actinobacteria that are likely to produce new metabolites. This paper presents the results on the isolation of actinobacteria from soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands, the characterization of their taxonomic diversity, as well as ecological and trophic properties. The bacterial counts on ISP 4 medium ranged from 6.6 × 105 to 7.1 × 106 CFU/g. The highest bacterial counts were observed in the subsurface and middle horizons of the studied soils. 28 strains of Gram-positive bacteria represented by thin-branched mycelium, coccoid and bacilliform forms were isolated. According to the results of 16S rRNA gene analysis, the isolated strains were representatives of Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Glycomyces, Kocuria, Microbacterium, Micromonospora, Nocardioides, Pseudarthrobacter, and Rhodococcus (Actinomycetota). One isolate that showed low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with previously isolated and validly described species was a new species of the genus Glycomyces. It was shown that all tested strains are mesophilic, prefer neutral or slightly alkaline conditions, have growth limits in the temperature range of 5-45 °C and pH 6-9. The optimal NaCl concentration for growth of most strains was 0-1 %. The strains under study were capable of utilizing a wide range of mono- and disaccharides and polyatomic alcohols as a carbon source. The isolated strains were capable of using both organic (proteins and amino acids) and inorganic (ammonium salts and nitrates) compounds as nitrogen sources. The examinations of extracellular enzymes showed that all isolates were capable of producing catalase and amylase; 78.6 % of the total number of isolates produced protease and lipase; 53.6 %, cellulase; and 28.6 %, urease. The data obtained expand current knowledge about the diversity of microbial communities in soils of the Selenga Highlands and also confirm the potential of searching for new actinobacteria species in these soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 4","pages":"411-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9836336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and its role in the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis. 骨重塑的表观遗传调控及其在原发性骨质疏松发病机制中的作用。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-48
B I Yalaev, R I Khusainova
{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and its role in the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis.","authors":"B I Yalaev,&nbsp;R I Khusainova","doi":"10.18699/VJGB-23-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/VJGB-23-48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discovery of molecular mechanisms of primary osteoporosis development is fundamental to understand the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal diseases in general and for identifying key links in the genetic and epigenetic regulation of bone remodelling genes. The number of identified molecular genetic markers for osteoporosis is increasing but there is a need to describe their functional interactions. These interactions have been determined to be associated with the control of expression of a number of transcription factors and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through the pathway of osteoblastogenesis or adipogenesis, and monocytic precursors through the pathway of osteoclastogenesis. The results of epigenetic studies have significantly increased the understanding of the role of post-translational modifications of histones, DNA methylation and RNA interference in the osteoporosis pathogenesis and in bone remodelling. However, the knowledge should be systematised and generalised according to the results of research on the role of epigenetic modifiers in the development of osteoporosis, and the influence of each epigenetic mechanism on the individual links of bone remodelling during ontogenesis of humans in general, including the elderly, should be described. Understanding which mechanisms and systems are involved in the development of this nosology is of interest for the development of targeted therapies, as the possibility of using microRNAs to regulate genes is now being considered. Systematisation of these data is important to investigate the differences in epigenetic marker arrays by race and ethnicity. The review article analyses references to relevant reviews and original articles, classifies information on current advances in the study of epigenetic mechanisms in osteoporosis and reviews the results of studies of epigenetic mechanisms on individual links of bone remodelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"27 4","pages":"401-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10213559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical, genetic aspects and molecular pathogenesis of osteopetrosis. 骨质疏松症的临床、遗传及分子发病机制。
IF 0.9
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18699/VJGB-23-46
D D Nadyrshina, R I Khusainova
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