Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii最新文献

{"title":"A production strain of soybean nodule bacteria RZ300 Bradyrhizobium japonicum resistant to drying on the seed surface: cultural properties and genomic features.","authors":"Yu V Kosulnikov, A A Kryukov, K N Berdysheva, A I Kovalchuk, A P Yurkov, Yu V Laktionov","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre-sowing treatment of cultivated legume seeds with nodule bacteria preparations is a standard agronomic practice. This is particularly important in soybean cultivation, as effective microsymbionts of soybeans are often absent from the soil. However, as many studies have shown, the efficacy of biopreparations depends largely on the survival of rhizobial cells on seeds during drying. In this study, we analyzed the viability of three production strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum Kirchner (634b, 640 and RZ300) on soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds of various origins (varieties: EN Argenta, Bara and Prudence). The experiments evaluated several parameters: inoculant concentrations (10 and 100 %), drying temperatures (5, 15, and 25 °C), and protective polymer-carbohydrate formulations. The experiments revealed that the soybean variety had no noticeable effect on the viability of the studied rhizobial strains, while the strains themselves differed significantly in this regard. The RZ300 strain demonstrated the highest resistance to drying on soybean seeds. A comparative genomic analysis of this strain and the less resistant B. japonicum strain 634b revealed the presence of the opgC gene in the RZ300 strain (encodes the ОpgC protein involved in the biosynthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs)). This gene is absent in strain 634b and may potentially determine the increased resistance of nodule bacteria to drying on seeds. An evaluation of various protective formulations demonstrated that formulations based on 50 % sucrose provide the best protection, with rhizobia showing the highest resistance to drying at +5 °C. The results obtained in this study can be used both in the selection of effective inoculant strains and for providing technological support in the development of biological products. The genomic data support the development of genetic screening systems to identify promising strains and the potential introduction of the opgC gene into promising rhizobial strains to improve their manufacturability, i. e. to enable effective early seed inoculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"435-443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association study of genetic variants with developing musical aptitude in humans.","authors":"A V Kazantseva, A V Toropova, E K Khusnutdinova, S B Malykh","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of musical abilities, including absolute pitch, musical memory, rhythm sense, and musicality, at a high degree is determined by a hereditary component (up to 68 %). The studies implementing a genome-wide linkage and association approach to musical aptitude have revealed more than 100 genetic loci. This spectrum is comprised of the genes encoding for transcription factors and those responsible for neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, genes fixed as a result of positive selection of musicality, and those related to inner ear formation. Since no studies linking musical aptitude with genes have been previously conducted in Russia, the present study aimed at replicating the association of 17 previously identified genetic variants with developing musical abilities in Russians. Genotyping of SNPs in the GATA2, PCDH7, UNC5C, ASAP1, SBSPON, DCBLD2, KALRN, VLDLR, OTOF, GRIN2B, FoxP1, FoxP2, BDNF, EGR1, and SNCA genes was performed using competitive allele-specific PCR in a sample of students who underwent rigorous contest selection at admission to the conservatory and in the corresponding control group. A series of logistic regression analyses were used both to evaluate the main effect of SNP and to identify the best prognostic model based on various loci. The mathematical model obtained by including only statistically significant SNPs consisted of GATA2 rs9854612, SNCA rs356168, rs3910105, ASAP1 rs3057, and VLDLR rs1454626 (р = 0.0018, pseudo r2 = 0.188, AUC = 0.791). The addition of all examined SNPs as predictors enabled the construction of a statistically significant model with a higher predictive ability (р = 0.012, pseudo r2 = 0.380, AUC = 0.889). The results revealed indicate a potential cumulative gene effect, confirming the involvement of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, the reelin pathway and the role of alpha-synuclein in musicality formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"470-481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of wheat ear architecture in F2 hybrid of tetraploid wheats Triticum aethiopicum and T. carthlicum and its computer phenotyping.","authors":"Yu V Kruchinina, E G Komyshev, M A Genaev, V S Koval, D A Afonnikov, N P Goncharov","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive description of plant phenotypes of certain taxa is an important task when describing genera and species, as well as when setting their natural taxonomies. The development of modern technologies of effective phenotyping makes it possible to obtain a large amount of data with a quantitative and/or qualitative description of various traits in plants, mainly based on the analysis of their digital images. The study compared the results of the F2 hybrids assessment - visually and using machine learning methods - of two endemic tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) wheat species which are Ethiopian wheat (Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz.) and Kartalian or Dika wheat (T. carthlicum Nevski). In the latter case, it is proposed to use the method of a mixture of Gaussian (normal) distributions in plant morphometry in order to identify groups that differ in character values. Most taxonomically important (species-specific) traits are controlled oligogenically and have a clear phenotypic manifestation, so hybridological analysis was an indispensable and basic type of analysis for subsequent detailed phenotyping of wheat spikes using machine-learning methods. According to a number of criteria, the estimates of patterns of inheritance obtained by different methods coincide. Based on the conducted research, we can state that the trait \"tetraaristatum\" (the presence of awns on both flower and spike glumes) is species-specific (taxonomically important) for T. carthlicum and it can be effectively used for taxonomic purposes both in carrying out hybridological analysis and in experiments using machine learning. Such a species-specific character is the \"character (type) of awnedness\" for T. aethiopicum. Our study demonstrates that a combination of automatic phenotyping methods and a model of a mixture of Gaussian distributions can, in principle, lead to an automatic analysis of the allocation of classes in F2 hybrids. It allows, in turn, to detect the presence of genes associated with species-specific traits of wheat plants. Further, the improvement of the applied artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"527-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13234509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a molecular marker for the Run8 gene for the selection of barley genotypes resistant to smut.","authors":"E A Orlova, N P Bechtold, Yu N Grigoriev, O Yu Shoeva, A Yu Glagoleva, T V Kukoeva","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loose smut of barley, caused by the basidiomycete Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Roster, occurs in all regions of the world where this crop is grown. This seed-borne disease causes significant losses in grain production. Selection for resistance to loose smut based on the use of donors with resistance genes is an ecologically and economically safe way to constrain the negative impact of the pathogen on barley. The introduction of molecular genetic approaches into the breeding process makes it possible to control the transfer of resistance genes to hybrid material. The Run8 gene controls resistance to many isolates of loose smut, including in the West Siberian region of Russia. The objective of the current study is to develop a molecular marker for Run8 for the selection of barley genotypes resistant to loose smut from hybrid populations. By comparing the nucleotide sequences of the Run8 gene available from the barley pangenome database, an insertion/deletion of six nucleotide pairs in the coding region of the gene was identified. Based on the identified polymorphism, a molecular marker Hor7050 was developed, which allows differentiating the alleles of Run8. The developed marker was tested on hybrid lines (F5-F6) obtained from crossing cultivar Elf, which is a donor of resistance to loose smut and carries, according to the originators, the Run8 gene, with cultivar Tanai, which has practical resistance to the pathogen. Using the developed marker, 18 hybrids carrying Run8 of Elf were selected from 84 hybrids; however, the phytopathological assessment showed that eight of the selected lines were susceptible to the disease. To clarify the genotype of 18 selected lines, an additional analysis was carried out using the microsatellite marker EBmac0541 linked to Run6. A relationship was established between the presence of the allele of this marker from Elf and resistance to the disease. It is possible that Elf, in addition to Run8, carries Run6, which is effective against race 1 of the causative agent of loose smut. Additional studies are required to clarify the presence of Run6 in the Elf variety. In addition to resistance, the selected lines were characterized by productivity traits. According to the two-year analysis, three productive resistant lines were identified, with Run8 - 32, 65 and 79, significantly exceeding the control Elf in yield. The selected lines were transferred to breeding nurseries for their further evaluation by economically important traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"372-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13233622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical and computational modeling of biosystems at different levels of organization.","authors":"S A Lashin, R A Ivanov, Y G Matushkin","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern biology increasingly relies on mathematical and computational modeling to describe complex hierarchically organized biological systems. This review considers models that cover the main levels of biological organization, from the molecular-genetic and cellular levels to tissue/organ, organismal, population and ecological ones. The aim of the work is to systematize the key modeling approaches at each of these levels, to analyze their capabilities and limitations, and to discuss strategies for constructing multiscale and hybrid models that consistently link processes operating at different spatial and temporal scales. We survey classical deterministic and stochastic models based on ordinary and partial differential equations, logical and graph-based models of regulatory networks, cellular automata, agent-based models, as well as flux-balance approaches. Typical examples are given for the modeling of gene regulatory and metabolic networks, chemotaxis, tissue and organ growth, population dynamics and genetic structure, and ecosystem functioning. Special attention is paid to comparing approaches with respect to the scale of description, complexity of modeled processes, data requirements, computational cost and interpretability of results. The analysis shows that hybrid and multiscale models provide an adequate framework to account for nonlinearity, stochasticity and structural heterogeneity of biosystems, but require substantial computational resources and careful data-driven calibration. Methodological and technological trends are outlined, including the development of specialized platforms and model repositories, standards for model representation and tools for reuse of model components.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"502-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare variants in cholesterol transporter genes in patients with lipid metabolism disorders.","authors":"A D Izyumchenko, M N Grunina, K V Dracheva, O A Chumakova, K O Tanayants, K V Legostaeva, A N Kulikov, O A Berkovich, E I Baranova, S N Pchelina, V V Miroshnikova","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death both in Russia and in the world. One of the factors predisposing to the development of cardiovascular diseases is lipid metabolism disorders (dyslipidemias), which contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis. Currently, there are known genes associated with the development of monogenic forms of lipid metabolism disorders characterized by marked changes in lipid levels. However, identifying individuals with an increased genetic risk of dyslipidemia remains an unsolved problem, due to the polygenic nature of most cases. The aim of this work was to study the spectrum of rare variants in the cholesterol transporter genes ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1 that occur in patients with lipid metabolism disorders in the population of the Northwestern region of Russia. The search for rare variants (gnomAD frequency less than 1 %) in the ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1 genes was performed using targeted sequencing data for 169 patients with lipid metabolism disorders. 14 variants were identified in the ABCA1 gene (17 patients); 4 variants, in the ABCG1 gene (5 patients); 11 variants, in the ABCG5 gene (18 patients); and 7 variants, in the ABCG8 gene (11 patients). The frequency of some of them, according to the RUSeq database, is higher than in the global population. 19 patients (11 %) were carriers of the p.(Val177Ile)/p.(His221Tyr)/p.(Ala271Phe) haplotype in the NPC1L1 gene, which may be specific to the Russian population, meaning that these variants are not rare, but polymorphic, and occur more frequently in patients with impaired lipid metabolism. Influence of the p.(Val177Ile) variant of the NPC1L1 gene on the development of atherosclerosis was assessed using additional sample sets (a group of patients with atherosclerosis, a control group), but no significant differences in genotype frequencies were revealed. Thus, at present, there are insufficient data to support the role of the p.(Val177Ile)/p.(His221Tyr)/p.(Ala271Phe) haplotype of the NPC1L1 gene in the development of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. The study draws attention to the population specificity of a number of variants in cholesterol transporter genes, in particular in the NPC1L1 gene, for the Northwestern region of Russia. The data can be further used for design and calculation of genetic risk scores for dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"490-501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13234746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary inferences from the analysis of mutation dynamics in the SARS-CoV-2 replication-transcription complex.","authors":"A Yu Palyanov, A P Devyaterikov, N V Palyanova, A M Shestopalov","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to evolve and remains a significant public health threat, while the worldwide monitoring and sequencing of its genomic variants provide a unique opportunity to study its evolution and better understand its molecular mechanisms. In our work, we analyze its replication-transcription complex (RTC) over a 5.5- year period (December 2019-July 2025). This complex is significantly more conserved (as any alteration impairing its function prevents viral replication) than the S-protein (directly impacting infectivity and immune evasion) but still dynamically evolving part of the genome. The study focuses on high-frequency substitutions, their temporal behavior, co-occurrence, and structural context. Using genomes from GISAID, we identified 22 amino acid point mutations present in at least 1 % of currently available sequences, analyzed their weekly dynamics, revealed three distinct temporal patterns, and enumerated frequent co-occurring groups (pairs, triplets, and larger sets) within the same genomes. We mapped the affected residues onto an RTC 3D structure and reviewed the literature to examine the reported functional consequences. Notably, all these substitutions were single-nucleotide. One of the mutations, nsp12:G671S, showed a unique dynamic feature: it emerged, dominated globally for months, disappeared twice, and in 2025 reappeared for the 3rd time, always accompanied with other mutations in the RTC. Thus, it was interesting to trace its dynamics as an indicator of probable changes. In addition, our analysis of mutation and variant timelines suggests that the Delta variant may have emerged 7-8 months earlier than commonly reported. Taken together, these results provide a consolidated view of recurrent RTC variation, its temporal classes, co-occurrence, and structural context, underscoring the value of systematic surveillance of nsp7-nsp14 alongside analyses focused on structural proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"515-526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13233620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of horses of the Sargarinsko-Alexeevskaya and Irmen cultures of the Ob-Irtysh region of Western Siberia and their genetic proximity to modern horses of indigenous breeds.","authors":"M А Kusliy, A A Yurlova, N V Vorobyeva, A A Proskuryakova, M A Demin, S M Sitnikov, V N Zharonkin, S S Onishchenko, A K Kasparov, A E Tupikin, A S Graphodatsky, A S Molodtseva, A A Tishkin","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic diversity of horses of the Sargarinsko-Alexeevskaya and Irmen cultures of the Ob-Irtysh region of Western Siberia and their genetic proximity to modern horses of indigenous breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"451-460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic metals and genetic polymorphism in indigenous populations of northern Asia and America.","authors":"B A Malyarchuk, N V Pokhilyuk","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The polymorphism of genes encoding enzymes involved in heavy metal metabolism was analyzed in indigenous Siberian populations based on the mercury, lead, and cadmium contents in the blood of Canadian Inuit carrying different genotypes. Additionally, we examined the polymorphism of genetic loci associated with sensitivity to arsenic exposure in indigenous Siberian populations using data on inorganic arsenic content in the urine of indigenous Andean populations who had consumed drinking water with elevated arsenic levels for thousands of years. A population genetic approach was used to seek genetic markers of toxic metal exposure in humans by analyzing genetic differences between populations living in different natural environments and under different conditions of toxic element contamination. Statistically significant differences were primarily observed between indigenous populations in Northeast Siberia (Siberian Eskimo (Yupik), Chukchi, and Koryaks) and samples from the central (Evens, Evenki, and Yakuts) and southern (Altaians, Shors, and Buryats) regions of Siberia. The maximum population branch statistics (PBS) values, which indicate the probable effect of selection on genetic loci sensitive to mercury exposure, were identified in seven gene loci: MTHFR (rs2274976 and rs1801131), GPX4 (rs713041), ABCB1 (rs1128503), AHR (rs2066853), TXNRD2 (rs5748469), and SEPHS2 (rs1133238). Loci rs713041 (GPX4), rs7483 (GSTM3), and rs2282143 (SLC22A1) can be considered genetic markers of lead exposure. Loci rs2274976 (MTHFR) and rs1056836 (CYP1B1) provide information about cadmium distribution in blood. It was found that protective variants of the AS3MT gene polymorphism are widespread (65.8 %) in the indigenous populations of Northeast Siberia. This is despite the lack of information regarding the long-term consumption of arsenic-contaminated drinking water by indigenous peoples along the Chukotka and Priokhotye coasts. It is hypothesized that seafood, which constitutes the core of the traditional \"Arctic\" diet of the indigenous populations inhabiting the coastal regions of the northern seas, may potentially be a significant source of arsenic and other toxic elements in Northeast Siberia. Further molecular, biochemical, and toxicological studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which toxic metals impact the genetic structure of indigenous populations in the Far North over long periods of time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somaclonal variation in Saccharum spp.: unraveling its potential despite current neglect.","authors":"S Munir, M A B Jaffar, S Yasmeen, M T Khan, I A Khan","doi":"10.18699/vjgb-26-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-26-42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybridization of different landraces or wild crop species facilitates genetic recombination and leads to the development of improved cultivars, particularly in sexually propagated crops. In contrast, genetic recombination via hybridization in asexually propagated crops like sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) is challenging due to self or cross incompatibility (low fertility). Such crops can be improved by somaclonal variation, which is achieved by tissue culture techniques. As a major contributor to global sugar and bioethanol production, sugarcane suffers substantial yield loss due to various biotic or abiotic stresses, which may be attributed to its poor resistance mechanism. Despite the potential of in vitro culture techniques, somaclonal variation remains underexplored in sugarcane breeding programs. To address the challenges posed to sugarcane under changing environmental dynamics, this review critically evaluates the role of somaclonal variation in sugarcane variety development, its underlying mechanism, practical applications, and factors affecting its occurrence. This review also discusses the limitations and challenges in the practical implementation of this technique in variety development, resulting in its neglect in modern breeding efforts. The focus on the potential of somaclonal variation, sustained by cutting-edge approaches, can unlock its limitations and fulfill the growing future demands of sugar, biofuel, and bioenergy industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":44339,"journal":{"name":"Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii","volume":"30 3","pages":"381-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}