Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hybrid Performance and Heterosis for Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia","authors":"Lemi Yadesa Mideksa, S. Alamerew, B. Tadesse","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i2.791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i2.791","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is a primary crop in most farming systems and staple food of the rural population in abundant of the mid-altitude sub- humid agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. Nearly 88% of maize produced in Ethiopia is consumed as food, both as green and dry grain. Yet, it has low protein content since it is normal maize, with poor protein quality limited by deficiencies in lysine and tryptophan and has an excess of leucine and isoleucine. Suggestions on hybrid performance and heterosis of QPM inbred for grain yield and its components is vital to design suitable breeding strategies for the development of nutritionally enhanced maize varieties. A line x tester analysis involving 36 crosses generated by crossing nine elite maize inbred lines with four testers and four checks were evaluated for yield and yield related traits at Bako and Jimma. The objectives were to evaluate mean performance and the magnitude of heterosis for quality protein maize inbred lines, adapted to mid altitude agroecology of Ethiopia. The genotypes were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated three times. Analyses of variances showed significant (p<0.05 or p<0.01) mean squares due to genotypes in each and across locations for most traits studied, indicating the existence of appropriate genetic variability. The crosses, L5xT2, L7xT2, L8xT1, L8xT2, L3xT2, L5xT1, and L1xT1 showed higher grain yield. The estimated mid and better parent heterosis for grain yield across locations for all crosses displayed positive and highly significant variances which ranged from 386.6% to 111.2% and 288.9% to 72.2%, respectively. From this study, about 77.78% of crosses had better potential for grain yield. The results attained in this experiment suggest that the hopeful potentials of the identified inbred lines for further breeding of QPM for the mid-altitude agroecology of Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131122104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Yahaya, Aliyu Ahmad Mahmud, N. Abdu","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i2.897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i2.897","url":null,"abstract":"Progressive illegal artisanal mining activities threaten public health without functional law enforcement on pollution control and proper management practices. This is not an exception of Zamfara State, Nigeria, where a large portion of the populace participates in artisanal mining. The study was conducted to assess the level of health risk associated with heavy metals contaminated soils of Zamfara state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five mining locations (Abare, Bagega, Dareta, Sunke, and Tungar Kudaku) and Anka-town (control site) with no record of mining activities. In each place, bulked soil samples were collected from three sites (mining site, processing site, and village), and the concentration of six heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Ni) in all the samples were analyzed. The result of the principal component analysis and correlation analysis revealed that Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni originated from the same source, i.e., anthropogenic/mining activities. While Fe and Cd originated from the geogenic processes because of their high abundance in the soil of the study area, as Anka-town (control site) also recorded high concentrations of Fe and Cd. Health risk assessments were carried out in two groups of population (adult and children) through three exposure pathways (i.e., ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation). The results showed that ingestion dominated dermal contact and inhalation pathways, and Fe is the riskiest metal while Cd and Ni have the lowest risk of exposure for daily intakes. The non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ) values were all recorded below 1. For the total hazard index (THI), all the adult's exposure pathways were negligible, while for children, only Bagega has ingestion of heavy metals exceeding one (1.10), indicating that non-cancer health risks for children exist. The other four mining locations, Abare, Sunke, Tunga, and Dareta, have values approaching one (i.e., 0.71, 0.60, 0.50, and 0.74, respectively). While for Anka town, which is the control site, it has a value far less than one (0.16). These indicate that all the study locations have the potential for children's health risk through ingesting food produced from contaminated soils. Therefore, there is an urgent need to apply remediation measures immediately to combat complications raised due to heavy metal contaminations.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124876522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Campuran Ekstrak Fermentasi Pupuk Kandang Sapi sebagai Subtitusi Nutrisi AB Mix pada Tanaman Pakcoy dengan Sistem Hidroponik","authors":"Darwin H. Pangaribuan, Y. C. Ginting, Syamsul Arif, Ainin Niswati, Dermiyati Dermiyati, Ega Utari, Fika Wulandini, Yosefhine Indah Aprilyani","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.895","url":null,"abstract":"AB Mix merupakan nutrisi hidroponik yang mengandung unsur hara yang lengkap, namun harganya relatif mahal sehingga diperlukan alternatif untuk menggantikan nutrisi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui apakah ekstrak fermentasi dari campuran pupuk kandang sapi dengan daun gamal atau daun afrika atau daun kelor dapat dijadikan sebagai subtitusi nutrisi AB Mix. (2) Mengetahui persentase ekstrak fermentasi dari campuran pupuk kandang sapi dengan daun gamal atau daun afrika atau daun kelor yang dapat dijadikan sebagai subtitusi nutrisi AB Mix. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan yaitu P0 (100% AB Mix), P1(75% AB Mix + 25% ekstrak fermentasi pupuk kandang sapi dan daun gamal), P2 (50% AB Mix + 50% ekstrak fermentasi pupuk kandang sapi dan daun gamal), P3 (75% AB Mix + 25% ekstrak fermentasi pupuk kandang sapi dan daun afrika), P4 (50% AB Mix + 50% ekstrak fermentasi pupuk kandang sapi dan daun afrika), P5(75% AB Mix + 25% ekstrak fermentasi pupuk kandang sapi dan daun kelor), dan P6 (50% AB Mix + 50% ekstrak fermentasi campuran 25% pupuk kandang sapi dan daun kelor) dengan enam ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan 25% ekstrak fermentasi campuran pupuk kandang sapi dengan daun gamal atau daun afrika atau daun kelor memberikan pengaruh yang sama dengan nutrisi AB Mix, namun hasil terbaik diperoleh dari perlakuan 75% AB Mix + 25% ekstrak fermentasi campuran pupuk kandang sapi dan daun gamal yang terlihat pada peubah bobot segar tajuk. ","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128637571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifikasi Sebaran Tanaman Kemiri Berbasis Pola Agroforestri di Kabupaten Maros, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia","authors":"Andi Khairil A.Samsu, Andi Nurul Mukhlisa, Andi Ayu Nurnawati","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.866","url":null,"abstract":"Kombinasi komponen kehutanan dan komponen pertanian pada suatu pengelolaan secara intensif dikenal dengan istilah agroforestri yang dapat bermanfaat bagi kelestarian lingkungan dan meningkatkan produktivitas dengan hasil panen beragam. Kemiri merupakan tanaman agroforestri rempah yang bermanfaat. Kabupaten Maros merupakan daerah penghasil kemiri di Sulawesi Selatan sejak tahun 1960-an. Tanaman kemiri di Kabupaten Maros tersebar di beberapa kecamatan. Kurangnya informasi terkait luasan dan sebaran tanaman kemiri di Kabupaten Maros mengindikasikan banyak perbedaan data terkait produksi tanaman kemiri sehingga diperlukan informasi yang dapat menunjang sebaran dan luasan dari tanaman kemiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan interpretasi citra dengan metode delineasi visual secara manual pada citra sentinel-2A dengan melakukan pengamatan terhadap kenampakan serupa yang kemudian dipadukan dengan metode ground check point untuk mendapatkan ketelitian informasi dalam interpretasi citra  terhadap tanaman kemiri serta metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan informasi komponen agroforestri dengan cara pengamatan langsung terhadap objek tanaman kemiri di lapangan. Hasil interpretasi citra Sentinel-2a dan pengamatan langsung di tiga kecamatan yaitu Cenrana, Camba dan Mallawa menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Mallawa memiliki luas lahan kemiri yang lebih besar yaitu 507,08 ha, dengan persentase pola agroforestri sebesar  18,10% dan  monokultur sebesar 43,16% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan, kemudian luas lahan kemiri Kecamatan Camba sebesar 238, 04 ha, dengan persentase pola agroforestri 7,61% dan monokultur 21,15% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan, selanjutnya luas lahan kemiri di Kecamatan Cenrana yaitu 82,60 ha dengan pola agroforestri sebesar 5,79% dan monokultur sebesar 4,19% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125432663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Production Pattern of Rubber Farming and Farmer Behavior in Dealing with Price Fluctuations in Jambi Province, Indonesia","authors":"Armen Mara, F. Sativa","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.882","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine (1) the magnitude of the fluctuation in rubber prices (2) the pattern of production of rubber and the behavior of farmers in dealing with price fluctuations and (3) the elasticity of the supply of rubber in Jambi Province. This study uses a survey method with the scope of the study area being Jambi Province by selecting two villages purposively, namely Muhajirin Village in Muaro Jambi Regency and Tanah Grow Village in Bungo Regency. Supply elasticity will be analyzed using secondary data and parametric statistical tests. The results showed that the fluctuation in the price of rubber in Jambi Province was quite large, namely Rp. 4,200 per kg in January 2002, then increased to Rp. 43,200 in February 2011, and decreased again to Rp. 6,000 per kg in June 2020. The pattern of rubber production in Muhajirin Village looks irrational where when the price goes down the farmers actually increase their production, that is, in order to meet their daily needs that cannot be reduced. This means that production can still be increased by increasing tapping frequency. The pattern of rubber production in Tanah Tumbuh Village looks rational, where when the price of rubber goes down the farmers do not tap rubber. To meet the needs of farmers, they switch jobs to other fields, such as laboring on plantations, construction workers, or panning for gold. Rubber’s supply elasticity in responding to rubber price changes in Jambi Province is small from one (<1) but the change is significant. ","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125453633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analisis Usahatani Integrasi Sapi - Sawit di Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia","authors":"Maya Sari, F. R. Silalahi","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.879","url":null,"abstract":"Integrasi perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan peternakan sapi memberikan manfaat bagi peternak sapi baik dari segi lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi. Adapun bentuk integrasi yaitu gulma yang berada di lokasi perkebunan menjadi pakan sapi sehingga bisa mengurangi penggunaan herbisida, sedangkan kotoran sapi yang tersebar di perkebunan maupun yang ada di dalam kandang sapi dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik bagi tanaman kelapa sawit. Sehingga biaya pakan dapat ditekan dan peternak memperoleh penerimaan tambahan dari kotoran sapi tersebut. Dilakukan analisis usahatani berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari 5 (lima) lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi model intensif memberikan pendapatan paling besar dan diikuti biaya yang besar pula. Ketiga model integrasi memberikan nilai yang positif dan layak untuk dilaksanakan. Dilihat dari analisis kelayakan usaha, a) model ekstensif NPV sebesar Rp. 170.179.105, B/C sebesar 1,97 dan IRR sebesar 63,5%;  b) model semi intensif : NPV sebesar Rp. 63.181.515, B/C sebesar 1,45 dan IRR sebesar 44%  dan c) model intensif : NPV sebesar Rp. 53.618.140, B/C sebesar 1,15, dan IRR sebesar 26,5% . Dari hasil penelitian ketiga model integrasi layak untuk diusahakan.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127326650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mengurangi Dosis Pupuk Anorganik pada Tanaman Jagung Ungu dengan Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair","authors":"Andi Ayu Nurnawati, Rifni Nikmat Syarifuddin, Andi Khairil A. Samsu","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.863","url":null,"abstract":"Kandungan antioksidan pada jagung ungu menjadikan jenis jagung ini dapat dijadikan sebagai tanaman pangan dan penting untuk dibudidayakan saat pandemi Covid-19. Salah satu faktor yang harus diperhatikan dalam kegiatan budidaya adalah unsur hara. Aplikasi pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus tanpa adanya penambahan pupuk organik dapat menurunkan kualitas tanah. Perbaikan kualitas tanah dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan bahan organik salah satunya pupuk organik cair. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan berupa pengurangan dosis pupuk anorganik dengan taraf masing-masing dosis pupuk anorganik 100% (kontrol), 75%, 50%, 25% dan 0%. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (Uji Lanjut Tukey). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan dosis pupuk anorganik beberapa taraf dengan adanya penambahan pupuk organik cair BMW pada tanaman jagung ungu memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap variabel jumlah daun, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol dan produksi. Aplikasi pupuk organik cair BMW pada tanaman jagung ungu mampu mengurangi pemakaian pupuk anorganik sebesar 25%.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115611196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Dessert Banana (Musa spp.) Cultivars for Growth, Phenological, Yield and Yield Components at Raya Azebo Districts of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia","authors":"W. Biratu, Haile Abebe, Haileslassie Gebremeskel","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.859","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was carried out to investigate the performance of dessert banana cultivars at Raya Azebo with the aim of selecting well adaptable and high yield banana cultivar/s. To achieve the goal of the study, the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. From the experiment, different growth, phenological, yield, and yield-related data were collected, and analyzed using SAS software version 9.3. Dwarf Cavendish cultivar flowered earlier (549.70 days). The maximum number of days (627.20) from planting to fruit setting was recorded on Ducase Hybrid cultivar. Ducase Hybrid gave significantly the maximum bunch weight for the mother (21.04 kg) and daughter (24.53 kg) tree. The maximum number of hand bunch‑1 was recorded on Ducase Hybrid cultivar on both mother (11.31) and daughter (12.17) tree. Ducase hybrid gave significantly the maximum (357.80 qt/ha) marketable fruit yield hectare‑1on the mother tree. On the daughter tree, Ducase hybrid gave significantly the highest (392.5 qt/ha) marketable fruit yield hectare­-1. The average of mother and daughter tree cropping cycle revealed that Ducase hybrid gave first ranked highest marketable fruit yield (375.15 qt/ha), but sensitive to wind. Williams‑I gave the second ranked highest (334.95 qt/ha) marketable fruit yield hectare‑1. Thus, Williams-I cultivar is recommended for the local area. Further, study on water requirements and biochemical content is crucial. ","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126265721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Soaking Pre-treatments on Quality of Potato Chips Granola Variety (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"R. Arum, W. Dewayani, E. Septianti, R. Syamsuri, S. Suryani","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.845","url":null,"abstract":"Potato chips are one of the snacks flavored by the public. This study aimed to determine the effect of soaking pre-treatment on the quality of Granola potato chips. The research was conducted at the Postharvest Laboratory of BPTP South Sulawesi from June to December 2017. The experimental design of RAL was carried out with 3 replications with 6 immersion treatments, namely in plain water, 0.5% Ca(OH)2 solution, 1% Ca(OH)2, Na2S2O5 0.5%, 1% Na2S2O5, 0.5% CaCl2 and 1% CaCl2. The results showed that the chemical and organoleptic characteristics were significantly different between all treatments. The best or the most preferred treatment by the panelists was potato chips soaked in 1% CaCl2 solution with a yield of 20.47%; moisture content 3.80%, 11.79% fiber, 34.79% fat, 30.24% starch, 2.5% ash, and the level of color preference (score 4.80), aroma (score 5.00), texture (score 4.60) and overall acceptance (score 4.85).","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128224221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric Price Transmission of Red Chili Market in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia","authors":"T. Surbakti, T. Supriana, I. Iskandarini","doi":"10.37637/ab.v5i1.896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i1.896","url":null,"abstract":"The high disparity in red chili prices between producer prices and consumer prices indicates that farmers and consumers do not benefit from the red chili trade, due to the long marketing channels and market power of intermediaries. Prices that fluctuate and do not reflect actual market conditions indicate the inefficiency of marketing agents is called asymmetric price transmission. This study aims to analyze the transmission pattern of red chili prices from producer to consumer level in North Sumatra Province. The analytical model used in this study is the Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM). The data used is secondary data that is systematically recorded in the form of monthly time series data from 2016-2020. The results showed that the price transmission between red chili marketing institutions in North Sumatra Province is asymmetric in the short term and long term in the wholesale-producer and wholesale-consumer relationships.","PeriodicalId":443368,"journal":{"name":"Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116612275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}