Indian Journal of Otology最新文献

{"title":"Acoustic trauma in soldiers: Pure-tone audiometry versus distortion product otoacoustic emissions as a tool for early detection","authors":"Atul Gupta, Poonam Raj, A. Sood, Anil Raghavan","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_103_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_103_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acoustic trauma is the sudden hearing loss that results following exposure to a single intense sound. Military environments inherently expose its personnel to very high levels of noise. Early detection of temporary or permanent hearing damage in soldiers following acoustic trauma and identification of their susceptibility to noise exposure is of utmost importance to better protect and prevent hearing deterioration. Conventionally, pure-tone audiometry (PTA) has been used as a screening method to detect hearing threshold shift following noise exposure. However, research now suggests distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) as a more sensitive tool to detect early changes in hearing thresholds following acoustic trauma. The aim of this study is to compare PTA and DPOAE for the early detection of acoustic trauma in soldiers. Methods: A prospective cohort multicentric study was conducted over a 2-year duration at 5 military hospitals on 1500 newly inducted recruits with no previous exposure to firing. After a thorough history taking and a comprehensive ENT examination, PTA and DPOAE tests were conducted at three intervals: before firing (initial evaluation), 2 h after firing (mid-evaluation), and 7 days after firing (final evaluation). The symptoms presented by the recruits were also analyzed. Statistical analysis between the two modalities of investigation to detect early acoustic trauma was done using Chi-square test. Results: Four hundred and eighty-seven recruits (36.07%) developed temporary threshold shifts and 103 (7.6%) had permanent threshold shifts. The most common symptom at mid-evaluation was tinnitus (501; 37.11%) while the least common symptom reported was isolated dizziness (10; 0.74%). At final evaluation, the most common symptom was found to be tinnitus (132; 9.77%). Conclusion: PTA and DPOAE can both be effectively used as a tool of measurement for the detection of early acoustic trauma, though being an objective test DPOAE has the advantage of eliminating subjective variation.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"17 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45724723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The degree of gene profile expression for tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene level in the pediatric tympanosclerotic ear","authors":"Yasser Hassan Mandour, M. Shendy, A. El-zobeir, S. Mohammed, M. Gomaa","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_176_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_176_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tympanosclerosis, which can sometimes follow middle-ear inflammation, is the calcification of middle-ear connective tissue, especially the tympanic membrane. Numerous disorders, including chronic otitis media (OM) with effusion, are characterized by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) propensity to induce and maintain inflammatory reactions. Aim: This study aims to measure the expression of the TNF gene in the plasma of those who have tympanosclerosis as a result of ventilation tube insertion. Patients and Methods: In this study, 160 patients were included. The patients were split into two groups, Group A, which consisted of 120 patients and was subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Group B, which consisted of 40 volunteers. The patients underwent a full clinical examination, a history taker, and a laboratory investigation of TNF gene expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). Results: According to TNF gene expression, there was a statistical difference between the groups; the mean TNF in the cases group (3.87) was statistically higher than the control group (1), P = 0.001. TNF levels statistically differed according to the quantity of tubes inserted (P = 0.005) and the length of the secretory OM (P = 0.042). TNF levels were not statistically different according to medication use or acute OM bouts. Conclusion: In comparison to the control group, the level of TNF gene profile expression in a few middle-ear structures with tympanosclerosis was statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"23 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48552472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-layer fascial grafts in Type I tympanoplasty for subtotal perforation: A case–control study","authors":"E. Elsheikh, M. El-Anwar, A. Nofal","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_37_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_37_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the double-layer temporalis fascia grafting for myringoplasty for subtotal tympanic membrane (TM) perforation regarding graft uptake and hearing gain. Patients and Methods: The study included 60 patients with subtotal TM perforation attributed to tubotympanic suppurative otitis media. Myringoplasty was done through a postauricular approach using the underlay technique by two layers of the temporalis fascia grafts in the study group and one layer of the temporalis fascia graft in the control group. The procedure was considered successful if there was no residual TM perforation within the follow-up period. Results: Within included 60 patients, 30 patients in the study included 60 patients, 30 patients in the study group (11 males and 19 females) and 30 patients in the control group (9 males and 21 females). The success rate of TM healing was 100% in the case group and 87.7% in the control group with significant difference (P = 0.038). The hearing gains (>10 dB) were reported in 96.7% in the case group while it was 70% in the control group which is significantly better (P = 0.00558). Conclusion: The double-layer temporalis fascia graft is effective for both postoperative graft taking and hearing improvement for subtotal (Grade 4) TM perforation.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70770740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between anterior tucking and tunneling of graft in Type-1 tympanoplasty","authors":"Gurchand Singh, Achintya Chawla","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_199_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_199_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tympanoplasty is the surgical procedure performed to repair a perforated tympanic membrane, with or without reconstruction of the ossicles, with the aim of preventing reinfection and restoring hearing ability. There are various techniques to perform Type 1 tympanoplasty. Aims and Objectives: • To compare anterior tucking and tunneling of temporalis fascia graft in Type 1 tympanoplasty based on the clinical and audiological outcome. • To study the hearing outcome and graft uptake in anterior tucking technique and anterior tunneling technique in Type 1 tympanoplasty. • To compare the hearing outcome and graft uptake in anterior tucking versus anterior tunneling technique in Type 1 tympanoplasty. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital, Mullana over 2 years from September 2020 to September 2022. One hundred cases of inactive, chronic otitis media (COM) were included in this study and subjected to Type 1 tympanoplasty with 50 belonging to the anterior tucking technique (Group A) and 50 to the anterior tunneling technique (Group B). Results: The graft uptake rate was 96% in Group A (anterior tucking technique) and 98% in Group B (anterior tunneling technique). The average hearing gain in Group A was 9.94 dB and in Group B was 9.36. Chances of complications like residual perforation were found to be low (4% in Group A and 2% in Group B) in both techniques. Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that both the techniques of anterior tucking and anterior tunneling of temporalis fascia graft in Type 1 tympanoplasty surgery are equally effective to achieve intactness of graft and hearing improvement in patients of inactive, mucosal COM.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"46 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Cognitive Function Using P300 Latency and Amplitude in Children with Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss Using Hearing Aids: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Gita Aryanti, Semiramis Zizlavsky, Amanda Soebadi, Donny Hendrawan, Joedo Prihartono, Ronny Suwento, Ayu Astria Sriyana","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_192_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_192_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As hearing function is directly linked to language and communication abilities, hearing loss may negatively affect children’s cognitive development. Therefore, it is important that hearing-impaired children undergo cognitive function assessments to better understand how to alleviate this comorbidity. The P300 event-related potential measurement is a neurophysiological test increasingly used to objectively measure cognitive function. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the latency and amplitude of P300 waves in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with hearing aids and normal-hearing children aged 7–15 years old. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving 15 children with profound SNHL and 15 children with normal hearing was conducted. The latency and amplitude of P300 waves in these children in response to auditory and visual stimuli were recorded and analyzed. Results: The mean P300 wave latency in children with SNHL was slightly longer than that in children with normal hearing, albeit insignificant ( P = 0.578). Similarly, the amplitude of the P300 waves was not significantly smaller in children with SNHL ( P = 0.885). Conclusions: SNHL children with hearing aid habilitation have comparable P300 amplitude and latency compare to normal-hearing children.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporomandibular Joint Fistula to External Auditory Canal: A Rare Case","authors":"Rano Aditomo, Gabrina Selvi Yanuarista","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous fistula between temporomandibular junction and external ear canal is such rare case. External ear disease commonly relate to this disease. This case report aimed to know further about patophisiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fistula. case of temporomandibular fistula happened in a 63-year-old woman with 10 years symptoms of discomfort in external ear canal. The patient told that the only symptom of her disease was “bleb” sound like a bubble pop in her right ear. The patient never seeks for medical help before. During physical examination, we found fistula in her external auditory canal (EAC). After we did computed tomography scan, it confirmed that the fistula was connecting EAC with TMJ. Is there any relation between symptoms and etiology of TMJ fistulae? this case report explored the literature about TMJ fistula through Cochrane, PMC, PubMed, and Google Scholar. we found total 11 articles related to our topic. The symptoms felt by patients with TMJ fistulae to the EAC may vary. Although some of them can be such a clue of the etiology from disorder that appears, some symptoms can overlap. It is important for clinicians to know the symptoms that appear and determine the most likely etiologies that might cause the condition.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Stapes Anomaly with Ossified Stapedius Tendon in a Patient with Turner Syndrome","authors":"Nurul Anis Mohd Fauzi, Ahmad Aizudin Mohd Jamali, Juhara Haron, Nik Adilah Nik Othman, Mohd Khairi Md. Daud","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_42_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_42_23","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital anomaly of ossicles in the middle ear is rare. We present a patient with Turner syndrome who presented with hearing loss. Pure-tone audiometry revealed bilateral moderate-to-severe hearing loss with conductive type at the lower and mixed type at the higher frequencies. There was a bone threshold dip at 2 kHz on both sides. The patient was diagnosed as having bilateral otosclerosis and underwent left middle ear surgery. Intraoperative findings showed an ossified stapedius tendon and a fixed monopod stapes with obliterated obturator foramen. The stapedius tendon was divided causing the footplate of the stapes to be mobile. This resulted in improved hearing with the closure of air-bone gap by around 40–50 dB. Stapes anomaly and ossified stapedius tendon causing stapes fixation may results in hearing loss with Carhart’s notch on pure-tone audiometry and misdiagnosed as otosclerosis. Surgery in which the ossified stapedius tendon is divided may help improve the patient’s hearing.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of endoscopic versus microscopic tympanoplasty in chronic otitis media","authors":"Siddharth Nirwan, S. Bishnoi, P. Singhal, Kshitiz Bansal, Nishant Gupta, Mansi Raj, Samta Verma, J. Jangir, K. Jat, Anjan Chandra Sharma","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_6_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_6_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To compare the results between tympanoplasty performed with transcanal endoscopic ear surgery and microscopic ear surgery for the treatment of chronic otitis media. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized prospective study was performed on inactive chronic otitis media patients that underwent tympanoplasty and later follow-up for at least 6 months in terms of graft uptake and hearing gain. Seventy patients were selected and randomized in Group A-endoscopic tympanoplasty and Group B-microscopic tympanoplasty. Results: In our study, we found that the graft take up rate was 94.3% (33/35) in Group A and 91.4% (32/35) in Group B. The improvements in the air-conduction levels and the air-bone gaps were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The average hearing gains in the endoscopic group postsurgery were 10.51 ± 4.71 dB and in the microscopic group were 12.23 ± 4.72 dB (P = 0.132). The average operating time was 37.77 ± 5.33 min in the endoscopic group which was better than the microscopic group which was 45.77 ± 5.29 min, (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Endoscopic tympanoplasty technique is a feasible alternative to the conventional microscopic technique owing to the findings in terms of duration of surgery and graft uptake. In addition, the endoscopic approach provides better postoperative cosmesis, patient satisfaction, and early mobilization.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"52 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43141935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction","authors":"G. Kılıç, D. Temirbekov, Görkem Ata, Z. Algun","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_172_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_172_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effect of physiotherapy on the balance parameters and fall risk in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). Patients and Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with UVH were included in the study. The number of falls, Visual Analog Scale, Modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction in Tandem and Balance, and dynamic visual acuity assessments was performed before and after treatment. The patients were included in an individual treatment program for 8 weeks. Physiotherapy sessions were given at 2-week intervals. Along with the level of development of the treatment applied to the patients, it was requested perform a home exercise program with ten repetitions three times a day. Results: After 8 weeks of vestibular rehabilitation, it was observed that the balance parameters of the participants improved and the number of falls decreased. Statistically significant results were obtained in the Eyes-closed Tandem test (P = 0.001). Significant changes occurred in the modified Clinical Test results for Sensory Interaction in Balance from 0.37 ± 0.19 s to 0.93 ± 0.11 s (P = 0.001). Vestibular symptoms and dynamic visual acuity scores also improved after treatment (P = 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that the physiotherapy program applied to our patients with UVH positively affected fall risk and significantly improved balance parameters.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"29 1","pages":"33 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70770627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luliconazole: A Novel Potent Imidazole Activity against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus Causing Otomycosis","authors":"Bavadharani Sukumar, Thayanidhi Premamalini, Nivetha Shree Sasikumar, Somu Lakhmanan, Anupma Jyoti Kindo","doi":"10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_197_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjotol.indianjotol_197_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus are the most common causative agents of otomycosis with worldwide distribution. Extensive surgical debridement and systemic antifungal therapy are needed in cases of refractory otomycosis. Luliconazole is currently confirmed for the topical therapy of dermatophytosis. Moreover, it is found that luliconazole has in vitro activity against some molds and yeast species. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of luliconazole in comparison to routinely used triazole antifungals on Aspergillus isolates, obtained from otomycosis cases using microbroth dilution method. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of microbiology, from March 2020 to February 2022. A total of 55 strains of Aspergillus isolates obtained from otomycosis cases were confirmed based on macroscopic and microscopic identification. Antifungal susceptibility patterns of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole and luliconazole were determined by broth microdilution method as per the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute M38-A2 guidelines. Results: Among the azoles tested, the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) geometric mean (0.00309 μg/ml), MIC50 (0.00098 μg/ml), and MIC90 (0.00781 μg/ml) values were attributed to luliconazole. Being the drug of choice for aspergillosis, voriconazole had a slightly higher MIC50 and MIC90 value of 1 μg/ml and 2 μg/ml, respectively. Even for the pan azole resistant isolates ( n = 3), luliconazole was found to be more effective with lower MIC values. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that luliconazole had an excellent in vitro activity with a lower MIC values than the triazoles tested. Hence, this novel imidazole antifungal agent can be considered an appropriate candidate for the treatment of otomycosis caused by A. niger and A. flavus strains. Furthermore, luliconazole showed better efficacy with lower MIC values for pan azole resistant isolates, suggesting that it could be a potential antifungal for treating aspergillosis caused by pan azole resistant isolates.","PeriodicalId":44304,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}