Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury patterns in Japanese judo players from a nationwide insurance database","authors":"Eiji Sasaki ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kamitani ,&nbsp;Shotaro Kinouchi ,&nbsp;Nobuhiro Kamiya ,&nbsp;Akira Ikumi ,&nbsp;Tomohiko Tateishi ,&nbsp;Seiji Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Ishibashi ,&nbsp;Shinji Nagahiro","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to characterize the age- and sex-specific Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates and related injury patterns in judo players in Japan using the nationwide insurance database.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a descriptive epidemiological study. We examined a total of 2142 adolescents with anterior cruciate ligament injuries registered in the insurance system of the Japan Sports Council between January 2009 and December 2018. The age- and sex-specific incidences were estimated for the levels of 7th, 8th, and 9th grades of junior high school and 10th, 11th, and 12th grades of high school. The anterior cruciate ligament injury circumstances were classified into three patterns based on the impact to the involved knee: high-impact valgus force, low-impact trunk displacement, or no-impact knee twisting.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury from the 7th to 12th grades were 0.5, 0.9, 0.9, 6.9, 8.6, and 6.1 per 1000 athlete-years in male players and 1.3, 3.8, 3.4, 16.8, 19.5, and 13.6 per 1000 athlete-years in female players. The most prevalent injury pattern was a low-impact contact injury (42.6%) with Osoto-gari, followed by a high-impact contact injury (29.8%). The concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury rate was 18.1%, which was correlated with a high-impact contact injury (<em>p</em> = 0.005) by multiple regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The highest incidence of age- and sex-specific anterior cruciate ligament injury was 19.5 per 1000 athlete-years in female high school students in the 11th grade. The most frequent injury pattern was low-impact contact injury with trunk displacement, indicating that trunk stabilization training could help prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury in judo.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Pages 6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c6/07/main.PMC10470359.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10149858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tranexamic acid has no effect on postoperative pain control after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ryosuke Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Kajita ,&nbsp;Yusuke Iwahori ,&nbsp;Yohei Harada","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus placebo after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective, double-blind, and randomized study was conducted in 70 patients who underwent ARCR from 2021 to 2022 at our hospital. Thirty-four shoulders were randomly assigned to the TXA group, and 36 to the control group; TXA (10 mL) and normal saline (10 mL) were administered locally after surgery and in the control group, respectively. We evaluated visual analog scale pain scores at rest, during activity, and at night and the circumference and diameter of the shoulder joint in both groups preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 3 days, and 1 week after the surgery. We compared and analyzed the results between the groups. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of &lt;0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale scores at rest, during activity, and at night between the groups (p &gt; 0.05). The circumference and diameter of the shoulder joint were not also significantly different between both groups (p &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Local TXA administration in patients who undergo ARCR does not significantly impact postoperative pain levels and the circumference and diameter of the shoulder joint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Pages 32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10491640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10571204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe-out gait inhibits medial meniscus extrusion associated with the second peak of knee adduction moment during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Takato Hashizume ,&nbsp;Yosuke Ishii ,&nbsp;Masakazu Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Yuko Nakashima ,&nbsp;Goki Kamei ,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Iwamoto ,&nbsp;Saeko Okamoto ,&nbsp;Kaoru Okada ,&nbsp;Kazuya Takagi ,&nbsp;Makoto Takahashi ,&nbsp;Nobuo Adachi","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A medial meniscus extrusion (MME) gradually expands during activities of daily living according to the mechanical stress on the medial compartment of the knee. Increase in MME occurs during the stance phase of the gait cycle, which is key for its expand. The knee adduction moment (KAM) represents the mechanical stress on the medial compartment; however, the relationship between the increase in MME and KAM is still unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between MME during gait and KAM.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-one patients with medial knee osteoarthritis and 11 healthy middle-aged adults were recruited. Three-dimensional motion analysis system and ultrasonography were used to measure the KAM and MME in the stance phase. The increase in MME was identified as the difference in MME between the maximum and minimum (ΔMME). Patients with knee osteoarthritis performed two conditions as normal and toe-out gait. The difference in KAM and ΔMME between conditions were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ΔMME was correlated with the KAM second peak in normal gait of knee osteoarthritis patients (r = 0.51, p &lt; 0.05). Toe-out gait reduced the KAM second peak and the ΔMME, and these reductions were correlated (r = 0.50, p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Toe-out gait immediately inhibited the expansion of MME associated with the KAM second peak.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"33 ","pages":"Pages 13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/14/main.PMC10474330.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10149859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of the newly developed Zimmer Biomet Root Aiming guide in tibial tunnel creation compared with that of conventional guides","authors":"Takaaki Hiranaka ,&nbsp;Takayuki Furumatsu ,&nbsp;Yuki Okazaki ,&nbsp;Keisuke Kintaka ,&nbsp;Naohiro Higashihara ,&nbsp;Masanori Tamura ,&nbsp;Eiji Nakata ,&nbsp;Toshifumi Ozaki","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><p>Accurate tibial tunnel creation is crucial for successful transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tears (MMPRTs). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the newly developed Zimmer Biomet Root Aiming (ZeBRA) guide for transtibial pullout repair of MMPRTs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included 50 patients who underwent transtibial pullout repair using the Unicorn Meniscal Root (UMR) (n = 25) and ZeBRA (n = 25) guides. The expected anatomic centre (AC) and tibial tunnel centre (TC) were assessed using three-dimensional postoperative computed tomography (CT) images. The expected AC was defined as the centre of the circle tangent to the triangular footprint of the MM posterior root. The expected AC and TC on the tibial surface were assessed using the percentage-based posterolateral location on the tibial surface. The absolute distance between the AC and TC (mm) was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean AC location was 76.1% ± 3.1% posterior and 40.8% ± 2.1% lateral, whereas the mean TC location was 76.7% ± 5.3% posterior and 37.2% ± 3.6% lateral using the UMR guide and 75.8% ± 3.1% posterior and 36.5% ± 2.4% lateral using the ZeBRA guide. No significant difference was observed in the absolute distance between the UMR and ZeBRA guides (3.9 ± 1.4 and 3.8 ± 1.3 mm, respectively; p = 0.617).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The newly developed ZeBRA guide allows accurate tibial tunnel creation, and its accuracy is comparable to that of the conventional UMR guide. Tibial tunnels were created at optimal positions using both guides, and the choice of the guide would depend on the surgeon's preference.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10120359/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyses of associated factors with concomitant meniscal injury and irreparable meniscal tear at primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young patients","authors":"Tomohiro Tomihara ,&nbsp;Yusuke Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Shinji Takahashi ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Taniuchi ,&nbsp;Junsei Takigami ,&nbsp;Shuko Tsumoto ,&nbsp;Nagakazu Shimada","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose:</h3><p>Although several factors related to the concomitant meniscal injury at anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) have been investigated in a general population, few studies have identified the risk factors of meniscal tear severity in young patients in which the majority of ACL tears occur. The purpose of this study was to analyze the associated factors with meniscal injury and irreparable meniscal tear and the timeline for medial meniscal injury at ACL-R in young patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><p>A retrospective analysis of young patients (13 to 29 years of age) who underwent ACL-R by a single surgeon from 2005 to 2017 was conducted. Predictor variables (age, sex,body mass index [BMI], time from injury to surgery [TS], and pre-injury Tegner activity level) for meniscal injury and irreparable meniscal tear were analyzed with multivariate logistic</p></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><p>Four hundred and seventy-three consecutive patients with an average of 31.2 months post-operative follow-up were enrolled in this study. The risk factors for medial meniscus injury were TS (&lt;= 3 months) (odds ratio [OR], 3.915; 95% CI, 2.630-5.827; P &lt; .0001) and higher BMI (OR, 1.062; 95% CI, 1.002-1.125; P = 0.0439). The presence of irreparable medial meniscal tears correlated with higher BMI (OR, 1.104; 95% CI, 1.011-1.205; P = 0.0281)</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>An increased time from ACL tear to surgery of 3 months was strongly associated with an increased risk of medial meniscus injury, but not related to irreparable medial meniscal tear at primary ACL reconstruction in young patients.</p></div><div><h3>Level of Evidence</h3><p>Level IV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/94/cf/main.PMC10189348.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9496472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-use of intra-articular drain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not affect postoperative knee pain and muscle strength on early period","authors":"Kengo Shimozaki,&nbsp;Junsuke Nakase,&nbsp;Rikuto Yoshimizu,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Kanayama,&nbsp;Yusuke Yanatori,&nbsp;Takuya Sengoku,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Tsuchiya","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study aimed to determine the effect of using an intra-articular drain after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction on early postoperative pain, range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and complications.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Between 2017 and 2020, of the 200 consecutive patients who underwent anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction, 128 patients underwent primary ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendons and were evaluated for postoperative pain and muscle strength at 3 months postoperatively. Sixty-eight patients who received intra-articular drain before April 2019 were classified as group D and 60 patients without an intra-articular drain after ACL reconstruction after May 2019 were classified as group N. Patient background, operative time, postoperative pain, number of additional analgesics used, presence of intra-articular hematoma, ROM at 2, 4, and 12 weeks postoperatively, extensor and flexor muscle strength at 12 weeks postoperatively, and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The postoperative pain at 4 h after surgery was significantly greater in group D than in group N although no significant difference was found in the pain felt in the immediate postoperative period and at 1 day and 2 days postoperatively and in the number of additional analgesics used. No significant difference in the postoperative ROM and muscle strength was noted between the two groups. Six patients with intra-articular hematomas in group D and four patients in group N needed puncture by 2 weeks postoperatively, and no significant difference was found between the two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Postoperative pain was greater at 4 h postoperatively in group D. Furthermore, the intra-articular drain did not affect muscle strength, ROM, and complications on the early postoperative period. The usefulness of intra-articular drain after ACL reconstruction was considered low.</p></div><div><h3>Level of Evidence</h3><p>Level IV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Pages 7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/5e/main.PMC10201551.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9509518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-Cortical transhumeral drilling for biceps tenodesis – Is it safe?","authors":"Bancha Chernchujit,&nbsp;Amolnat Chiarnpattanodom,&nbsp;Sumit Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Biceps tenodesis is an effective procedure performed to treat shoulder pain originating from the long head biceps tendon. In arthroscopic biceps tenodesis unicortical drilling of the humerus is more commonly practiced as it is considered safe to the vital structures lying posterior to the proximal humerus. Many surgeons are wary of the bi-cortical approach as it poses a risk to these vital structures. The aim of this study was to establish whether bi-cortical drilling in proximal humerus is safe or not. Our second purpose was to find a safe zone (if any) for bi-cortical drilling if bi-cortical drilling is safe.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study is a descriptive study conducted on cadaveric shoulders. Bilateral shoulders and arms of ten fresh-frozen cadavers (mean age 77.7 y) were dissected. Four landmarks in the dissected humerus were identified. They were superior margin of the bicipital groove, center of the bicipital groove, upper and lower border of pectoralis major insertion. Bi-cortical trans-humeral pinning was done in the humerus at all these points so that the pin exited through the posterior cortex of the humerus. The shortest distance between the pin and the nearest vital structure namely axillary nerve, radial nerve, articular surface of the humeral head, and cephalic vein was calculated from each fixed landmark.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We established that bi-cortical drilling in proximal humerus was safe. The safe zone established for bi-cortical biceps tenodesis is at the middle of bicipital groove, which is 18.00 ± 4.02 mm inferior to the groove’s upper border. The boundaries of the safe zone lie 9.39 mm superiorly and 9.40 mm inferiorly to the middle of the bicipital groove.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The center of the established safe zone for bi-cortical trans-humeral pinning was 18 mm inferior to the bicipital groove’s upper border.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/11/main.PMC9841235.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9151694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of perioperative blood loss and operating time for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by intravenous administration of tranexamic acid","authors":"Shinji Kawaguchi ,&nbsp;Shoji Fukuta ,&nbsp;Masashi Kano ,&nbsp;Koichi Sairyo","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used in hip and knee arthroplasty to reduce perioperative bleeding. Recently, its use has been expanded to arthroscopic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative use of TXA in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cohort comprising 129 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic primary RCR at our institution was retrospectively investigated according to whether they received TXA (April 2018 to December 2020, TXA group, n = 64) or did not receive TXA (April 2016 to March 2018, non-TXA group, n = 65). TXA was administered at a dose of 1 g intravenously. Rotator cuff tears were repaired by the suture bridge technique. Videos of the arthroscopic procedures were reviewed and rated for visual clarity using a 10-point numeric rating scale. Arthroscopic procedures were divided into glenohumeral, resection of bursal tissue and acromioplasty, and RCR steps. Each step was rated separately. Age, sex, body mass index, hemoglobin level before and on days 1 and 7 after surgery, operating time, mean arterial pressure, tear size, and number of anchors used for cuff repair were compared between the two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no statistically significant differences in the patient demographic data. The operating time was significantly shorter in the TXA group than in non-TXA group (97.8 ± 21.8 min vs 116.2 ± 26.0 min). The clarity of the visual field was similar between the two groups during the glenohumeral phase but was significantly higher in the TXA group during the resection of bursal tissue and acromioplasty and RCR phases. Hemoglobin level was not significantly different between the groups on postoperative day 1 but was significantly higher in the TXA group on day 7.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Administration of a single intravenous dose of TXA improved visual clarity in arthroscopic RCR, decreased the total operating time, and reduced hemoglobin loss on postoperative day 7.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Pages 6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/12/33/main.PMC9937805.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9331517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femoral-varus tibial-valgus osteotomy (FVTVO) for neutrally-aligned knee osteoarthritis with severe joint line obliquity enables return to sports activities: A case series study","authors":"Ryuichi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Masaki Amemiya ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Shimakawa ,&nbsp;Masaki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Kazunari Kuroda ,&nbsp;Yasuo Katsuki ,&nbsp;Akira Okano","doi":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asmart.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Re-alignment surgeries for uni-compartmental knee osteoarthritis, such as high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for varus knees or distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) for valgus knees, are recognized as standard strategies. However, the treatment strategy has not been established for patients with a neutrally-aligned osteoarthritic knee with severe joint line obliquity (JLO) owing to the combination of a valgus femur and a varus tibia; i.e., type II coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK). total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be an option for CPAK type II-aligned osteoarthritis in older inactive patients. Here, we hypothesized that joint line horizontalization by femoral-varus tibial-valgus osteotomy (FVTVO), which may reduce the shear stress induced by JLO, could be a treatment option for CPAK type II-aligned osteoarthritis in young active patients who wish to return to sports (RTS) activity. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the postoperative results of FVTVO with RTS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our indications for FVTVO are as follows: JLO &gt;5°; mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) &lt; 87°; mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) &lt; 87°; typical osteoarthritis patterns for CPAK type II on magnetic resonance images, namely osteoarthritic change of the lateral tibial spine, medial slip of the femur, and/or lateral meniscal extrusion from the lateral femoral condyle; and flexion contracture &lt;10°. We enrolled patients who wished to RTS and who had a pre-symptom Tegner score ≥5 and had completed at least a 1-year follow-up. For FVTVO, closed-wedge DFO was performed in all femurs; both closed-wedge HTO and open-wedge HTO were used in the tibia, depending on the situation. Range of motion exercises began on the first postoperative day, and full weight-bearing was permitted 6 weeks postoperatively. Jogging was permitted 3 months postoperatively after confirming bone union, and patients could gradually return to their sports activity 6–12 months’ postoperatively. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and knee flexion range were assessed preoperatively and at the last follow-up. Tegner activity scale scores were assessed presymptom, preoperatively, and at the last follow-up. The hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, JLO, mMPTA, and mLDFA were evaluated radiologically, and meniscal extrusions, osteoarthritic change, and/or bone marrow edema were assessed on magnetic resonance images.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;One man and two women were included in this case series. Two were competitive athletes and one was a mountain climber. The patients' ages were 69, 46, and 57 years (Case 1, 2, and 3, respectively). All patients’ CPAK type was converted from type II to type V; i.e., neutral-aligned knee with a neutral joint line, postoperatively. All patients returned to their presymptom sports activity level by the final follow-up. The presymptom/preoperative/final follow-up Tegner scale in Case 1, 2, and 3 we","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Pages 11-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/f0/main.PMC9941361.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9600730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a mechanism-based in vitro coculture assay for evaluating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.","authors":"Myeong Joon Kim, Kyeong Hee Hong, Bo Ryeong Lee, Sang-Jun Ha","doi":"10.1007/s00262-022-03201-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00262-022-03201-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer immunotherapy, which blocks immune checkpoint molecules, is an effective therapeutic strategy for human cancer patients through restoration of tumor-infiltrating (TI) cell function. However, evaluating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is difficult because no standard in vitro assay for ICI efficacy evaluation exists. Additionally, blocking a particular immune checkpoint receptor (ICR) is insufficient to restore T cell functionality, because other ICRs still transduce inhibitory signals. Therefore, limiting inhibitory signals transduced via other ICRs is needed to more accurately assess the efficacy of ICIs targeting a particular immune checkpoint. Here, we introduce a newly developed in vitro coculture assay using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and engineered human cancer cell lines. We enriched CD8⁺ T cells from hPBMCs of healthy donors through low-dose T cell receptor stimulation and cytokine (human IL-2 and IL-7) addition. These enriched CD8⁺ T cells were functional and expressed multiple ICRs, especially TIM-3 and TIGIT. We also established immune checkpoint ligand (ICL) knockout (KO) cancer cell lines with the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Then, we optimized the in vitro coculture assay conditions to evaluate ICI efficacy. For example, we selected the most effective anti-TIM-3 antibody through coculture of TIM-3⁺CD8⁺ T cells with PD-L1^-/-PVR^-/- cancer cells. In summary, we developed a mechanism-based in vitro coculture assay with hPBMCs and ICL KO cancer cell lines, which could be a useful tool to identify promising ICIs by providing reliable ICI efficacy information.</p>","PeriodicalId":44283,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport Medicine Arthroscopy Rehabilitation and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"2777-2789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10992221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75653984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}