Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022最新文献

{"title":"Bioreactor for Carbon Capture: Model and Explanation","authors":"M.A.G. Angkasa","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-f-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-f-10","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are several alternative measures to reduce carbon emissions. One of them is by utilizing the reactions of organisms that can process carbon into certain substances. This process is in a vessel called a reactor, so it is often also referred to as a bioreactor. Laboratory-scale trials have often been carried out, but finding out how the role of several parameters in the success of reducing carbon content is also important to consider, before being carried out on a larger scale or further to be developed. So, it is necessary to make a model that can perform the sensitivity of several parameters that affect the effectiveness of the work of the bioreactor. This model is made by accommodating all thermodynamic equations and reaction kinematics, so it is hoped that it will be able to give a clearer picture of how the bioreactor works and the opportunity to develop.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"6 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127403647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing PSC With New Approach of Dynamic Split Determination to Mitigate Uncertainty in The Development Phase","authors":"Y. Adriansyah","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-bc-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-bc-206","url":null,"abstract":"It is commonly realized that in the development phase of oil fields the project still holds numerous uncertainty factors that will affect its economic value in the future. The main uncertainties associated in the development phase are production forecast, capital and operating cost and oil price. Deviation of these parameters to the actual conditions could deteriorate the project cash flow and possibly cause the company to decide to terminate their exploitation project. This paper proposes an alternative methodology of fiscal adjustment of Production Sharing Contract (PSC) to overcome uncertainties in the development phase. The concept is to apply the dynamic split to the existing fiscal term, which is determined by simple linear regression of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and gradient of cumulative Profit/Cost (P/C) which represent probable range of uncertainties related to the project. From the regression, an equation is developed to calculate the additional (or deduction) of contractor split in each year to normalize the IRR to the ‘mean’ value or other agreed value when the deviation occurs. Contractor will get additional split if the actual contractor profitability tends to bring low IRR, otherwise host government will get additional benefit if the actual profitability tends to bring higher IRR. The application of this fiscal optimization method could minimize the standard deviation of contractor IRR. It will solidify the confidence of contractor to continue to run the business. From the case studied here, the standard deviation of contractor IRR histogram is compressed by 38.9% compared to the current PSC fiscal terms. As it could balance the tradeoff between contractor and government in terms of uncertainties, it is expected to be the alternative solution to stimulate upstream industry investment.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123437318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Porosity in Understanding Acoustic Porosity Anomalies. A Case Study in Complex Carbonate Reservoir in Indonesia","authors":"A. A. Wijaya","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-g-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-23","url":null,"abstract":"The difference between acoustic porosity to total porosity logs has been used to infer the secondary porosity. Apart from gas and/or organic matter, any acoustic porosity with higher reading than total porosity would be considered as an anomaly response. This paper discusses anomalous acoustic porosity in a complex carbonate reservoir, where the acoustic porosity shows higher values than those of the total porosity. The investigation reveals that this anomaly correlates with changes of rock type quality and can be corrected using the critical porosity concept. The critical porosity links the rock quality to change of the acoustic velocity as a function of critical porosity-bulk modulus for each rock type (Akbar, 2019). Niu et al (2009) proposed the use of shear modulus to determine the critical porosity value. By combining Niu et al (2009) with Akbar (2019) approaches, the critical porosity and critical bulk modulus can be calculated for all rock types. The result indicates that the critical porosity for each rock type is lower than the proposed value from Akbar (2019). Further analysis from the corrected acoustic porosity suggests that the secondary porosity is low, and this observation is supported by low anisotropy data from dipole sonic. The use of shear as opposed to compressional wave data is better suited in this case study, with a clearer trend in determining the critical porosity. The case study highlights the importance of the critical porosity concept in understanding anomalies in the acoustic porosity as an effect of rock quality and explaining the preferred method when determining critical porosity values in a gas-bearing complex carbonate reservoir. Further studies may be needed to investigate the critical porosity relationship for poorer rock types in complex carbonate reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123584346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Facies Modeling in Shelf Margin Carbonate Field","authors":"M. Aip","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-g-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-101","url":null,"abstract":"A 125 km2 gas bearing, shelf margin carbonate is planned for development and production in the offshore field. The main static modeling challenge is to estimate the gas in place volume. This challenge is attributed to the wide and elongated structure of the field and is further amplified by the limited available well data. Moreover, based on nearby field analogue, the carbonate reservoir is expected to have high lateral and vertical heterogeneity. Hence, robust facies modeling is critical to determine depositional facies distribution and ultimately the calculation of the gas in place volume. The integration of various data is used to model the facies in gas-bearing carbonate reservoirs. In this facies modeling study, three wells log data and one core data are used in combination with seismic data. Additionally, shelf margin carbonate field conceptual geology is interpreted and visualized. The reservoir characteristic of the field from north to south can be interpreted as back reef, reef flat and reef front. Since the wave energy in the southern part is high and generally contains large fossil reefs, it creates better reservoir properties, such as porosity. The east to west reservoir distribution is simulated with better properties on the eastern area compared to the western area, as secondary porosity occurs on the eastern part, where it is interpreted as higher basement morphology and carbonate build up on the bottom of the reservoir. Two methodologies of facies modeling are introduced for distributing rock type in the field. As a guide for secondary variable facies modeling, two probability trend maps (trend map A & trend map B) are created based on the sketch of each rock type of shelf margin conceptual geology supported by seismic acoustic impedance trend maps extracted from 3D seismic cubes. The result of the two facies modeling is integrated in a static model as multiple realization volumetric to minimize uncertainty. As a result, the facies model has captured the possible scenarios to reduce subsurface uncertainty. The combination of the conceptual geology of trend map A and trend map B is an advantageous application for modeling an optimum facies model in shelf margin carbonate reservoir environment. Consequently, this methodology is enabling a more robust volumetric estimation in a high uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115577147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Inversion Resolution Enhancement With (3S) Spectral Blueing, Spectral Balancing, and Stochastic Inversion on Fluvio Deltaic Environment","authors":"A. Maulana","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-g-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-126","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of the geomodelling stage is vital in the exploration and development of oil and gas fields. One of the many factors that can improve the precision of the modeling is seismic inversion. As secondary data in estimating collocated co-kriging, seismic inversion is notable. The results of seismic inversions are often limited in terms of resolution. It is precarious if it is still used for rock property modeling because of the inability to separate subsurface geological events. Therefore, this research offers an integrated seismic inversion enhancement method, namely the 3S method. Using a combination of 3S, namely Spectral Blueing, Spectral Balancing, and Stochastic Inversion, it is expected to give a solution in overcoming issues in thin-bed seismic inversion. Spectral Blueing aims to increase the dominance of Blue Spectrum by analyzing the slope spectrum of the well data, bandpassing, and analyzing the deconvolution operator. In this method, the spectrum of the well data is used to analyze the slope of the blue spectrum component, which is absent in seismic data in general. This process will produce a deconvolution operator wavelet that increases the amplitude spectrum in the blue spectrum area. In addition, spectral balancing is a feature that can balance the shape of the amplitude spectrum to resemble a plateau shape. This approach's base is bandpassing in a few frequency ranges combined with each frequency's amplitude normalization process. This approach aims to equalize the dominance in each spectrum interval. The final result will be a volume merging spectrum to re-unite it into a more balanced seismic spectral cube. The seismic inversion model is applied based on seismic data with better blue spectrum dominance. The data inversion process can be maximized at the upper limit of the seismic spectrum by using this method's output. The improved resolution was further improved using the Stochastic Inversion method by performing a geostatistics-based seismic inversion and realization with the results of a model-based inversion as a trend guide for input data. A variogram model is required to provide an anisotropic constraint on the inversion results. They are using a deterministic inverted cube as the initial lateral variogram model and upscaling well data as the actual vertical variogram model. A total of 5 stochastic seismic inversion realizations have been produced. QC and QA are performed on each inversion result to ensure the inversion results have good reliability. Reliability analysis was carried out using the Method of RMS error, coefficient of determination, and property difference. The forward modeled seismic is compared with the actual seismic, and the inverted acoustic impedance is performed with the actual acoustic impedance. It can be seen that the seismic enhancement method can significantly increase the wellness and seismicity correlation. In addition, stochastic enhancement can effectively improve the correlation of we","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122739869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Remedial of Collapsed Conductor Pipe With Collision Issue in Offshore Jack Up Operation","authors":"A. H. Feizal","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-e-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-e-57","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020-2021, a drilling campaign was planned in Santan Field as further development of the field. Five wells were proposed including Well-31 to drill from a crowded fixed-platform built in 138ft water depth. New slots was fabricated between the existing wells since platform extension or side track was not feasible at the time, resulting dense well spacing on the surface: 1meter form center-to-center and 0.7 meter between wall-to-wall. The 20”, X-56, and 0.625” WT conductor pipe (CP) was driven vertically by diesel hammer with construction barge prior to rig arrival on the platform. When drilling operations commenced, the 17.5 inch drilling BHA was held up during CP cleaning out. The pipe was suspected collapsed as metal cuttings return to surface. According to hammering job history and projection from actual survey, the hypothesis was that the CP was collapsed due to collision with adjacent wells during piling job. A remedial method was established to repair the collapsed CP with the objectives to open the CP to certain diameter without compromising the integrity of the collided well as the pipes were suspected in contact each other. The main risk of interrupting well integrity of producing well are loss of asset and more fundamentally well control event. A modifications was also required on top section by applying hole-enlargement technology and using flush-joint casing to achieve the same casing size on the production section as the original plan. This paper describes the key strategies in safe CP remedial in a unique collision situation. The methods prevent the company from wasting available well slot and from damaging a valuable asset in a risky job situation. From production and field development perspective, the successful remedial was valuable to keep the well delivered as per target.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129048400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facies and Stratigraphic Sequences Analysis Based on Well Log, Mud Log, and 2D Seismic Data of GHC Field, Baong Formation, Aru Sub-Basin, North Sumatera Basin","authors":"R. Winarni","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-sg-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-sg-170","url":null,"abstract":"The Baong Formation is one of the formations that have hydrocarbon potential in the Aru Sub Basin, North Sumatra Basin. However, there is still limited geological information in the area including the Analysis of Sequence Stratigraphy. The geological information is also needed to easier find out the distribution of potential layers of oil and gas in order to maximize exploration results. The method used in this research was Electrofacies Analysis to show the appearance of rock grain size and geological processes that affect formation. Well--Seismic Tie and interpretation of the horizon along with structures was conducted to produce a Time Structure Map and correlate the sequences in well logs and 2D seismic cross-section to define the lateral distribution of each sequence. Based on the third-order sequence, the Baong Formation was divided into two system tract types: Lowstand System Tract (LST) and Transgressive System Tract (TST). Maximum Flooding Surface (MFS) is the lower boundary of LST, Transgressive Surface (TS) is the boundary between LST and TST, and Maximum Flooding Surface is the upper boundary of TST. Based on fourth-order sequence, each system tracts was divided into seven parasequences with Flooding Surface as the boundary. The research area can also be interpreted into a conceptual model of the hydrocarbon system.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129329910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Discovery in The Limau Graben Trend: Air Benakat Formation Shallow Gas","authors":"W. Santoso","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-g-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-28","url":null,"abstract":"Many hydrocarbon fields in the Limau Graben trend were produced in the 1950s. That fields are mostly produced in the Talangakar Formation and Baturaja Formation. To maintain the continuity of production, the discovery of new reservoirs is a target that must be carried out in the subsurface analysis. Air Benakat Formation becomes a discovery that shows good results. Air Benakat Sand is characterized by thin sand 2 – 5 meters funnel log pattern, silt to very fine sand grain deposited in the shallow marine based on core analysis. The resistivity is 1.5 – 4 ohms, showing a low resistivity reservoir caused by high laminated clay content and conductive minerals. In order to understand the distribution of Air Benakat Sand, RMS amplitude was extracted from seismic data, and combined with the fault interpretation. Fault bounded area with high RMS amplitude (up to 6), and resistivity of 1 – 4 ohms were selected for the candidates of new well perforation and step out. The result of the well testing in the selected well reveals a gas flow rate of 1.2 – 2.4 MMSCFD and an oil flow rate of 64 – 160 BOPD.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116235911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative Early Screening Tools for CCUS Location and Its Application for Tangguh Vorwata EGR CCUS","authors":"A. Maulana","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-g-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-253","url":null,"abstract":"The oil and gas industry has recently seen an increase in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) activity. CCUS and hydrocarbon exploration & development share a lot of things in common, primarily in the interpretation and assessment of subsurface. While numerous publications are available on exploring hydrocarbon, fewer published references exist for researching and screening high-potential CCUS locations. This paper is intended to share the qualitative screening tools to look for high potential CCUS location and its application in Tangguh CCUS, Vorwata Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) program. Early screening for CCUS focuses on identifying all relevant aspects, which are the source, the transport, and the storage of the CO2. Each element has three different classifications, as favorable, neutral, and unfavorable, based on defined metrics. For example, the metric for source is the distance to the storage; is it near or far? Near CO2 source to storage site will be classified as favorable, and far distance will be classified as unfavorable. A neutral classification is applied to the aspect that needs further data or analysis. The metric definition is adjusted as required. For example, if the preferred location is offshore, then the metric can be set to favor the offshore location and vice versa. This screening has been applied to Tangguh CCUS, Vorwata Field. Vorwata field is an offshore field located in Bintuni Bay, Papua Barat province, Indonesia, which was discovered in the 1990s. The result from the screening tools application shows that Vorwata, in all aspects of source, transport, and storage of CO2, is classified as favorable. The study suggests that this qualitative screening tool is useful in identifying a high potential location for the CCUS program. It offers a systematic approach to identifying a high potential area of focus. At the same time, it also offers flexibility through different sets of agreed metrics for classification.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Subsurface Hidden Potential in Tempino Mature Field: Opportunity and Challenge","authors":"R. Rahadian","doi":"10.29118/ipa22-e-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-e-233","url":null,"abstract":"Tempino structure is one of the brownfield structures in Jambi. Air Benakat and Gumai Formation have been producing hydrocarbon since 1920s and currently the Tempino structure contributes about 900 BOPD to the oil production of Jambi Field. There are 218 wells in Tempino before the success of drilling T-219 well in 2021. The T-219 well produced more than 400 BOPD from the Gumai Formation as confirmed the hydrocarbon potential in central block, to be followed by 7 approved-wells proposed to be drilled in 2022-2023, a most aggressive activity in Tempino in the last 20 years. Only about 13 wells of Tempino’s wells penetrated the Gumai Formation. The drawback in assessing subsurface was due to data (availability, quality, and comprehensiveness) to the production analogue, as there was no particular problem with the reservoir distribution. Three simple ideas of well profile mapping, selective layer perforation method, and fracturing design are lessons learned from many wells whose performance was not as expected, ideas which were then implemented in T-219 wells. The data acquisition result of T-219 well was surprisingly indicating that the Gumai sand had oil occurrence, near virgin formation pressure, and around 20 meters shallower than estimated. The updated static and dynamic model showed a significant change to the previous model, as vertical seismic profiling (VSP) and pressure test data played a massive role. The latest model shows great potential of central block of Tempino, where T-219 well was placed. In contrast to the T-219 well, it is assumed that the following wells will have better properties and the production forecast with low uncertainty case. On the other hand, there is still a big question to be answered, as more than 100 meters of Gumai sand is considered to have vertical barrier as the porosity log shows several streaks of more-dense materials in the midst of the sand. When this question is resolved, the Gumai sand in Tempino will probably have a bigger estimate of hydrocarbon potential. The Lessons learned of this success story in discovering hydrocarbon in a mature field is to implement a novel approach and learn from the ideas of previous well proposals.","PeriodicalId":442360,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Indonesian Petroleum Association, 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition, 2022","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132550764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}